scholarly journals Improving the Management of Pediatric Upper Urinary Tract Infections at Odorheiu Secuiesc Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Koncsag-Szász Előd ◽  
Szőcs-Gazdi Uzonka ◽  
Magyari Izabella ◽  
Jancsó Réka ◽  
Szalai Mária ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract The primary goal of our retrospective analysis was to check the correctness of the diagnosis, and to identify the potential diagnostic errors among patients coded with N10 diagnosis in 2009, 2014 and 2019 in the pediatric ward of Odorheiu Secuiesc Hospital; we also assessed protocol-adherence in treatment and prophylaxis, and changes in antibiotic resistance of the isolated E. coli strains. During this 10 year-period significant improvements have been achieved in the treatment of upper urinary tract infections: in 2009 the diagnosis could be disputed in 31 out of 61 cases, while in 2019 this ratio is only 2 out of 31 cases; the number of cases pretreated with antibiotics decreased to a third, contaminated urine samples are rare to occur, the unmotivated antibiotics prophylaxis is essentially nonexistent, and there are no major documentation deficiencies either. In our study we present the antibiotic susceptibility of 50 E. coli strains isolated from the study group, which suggests some favorable changes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urine Isolated Bacteria and Their Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospitalized Patients in Ahvaz Golestan Hospital in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Ladan Fatahi ◽  
Mohammad Soleymani Zar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and Objectives: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in the community and hospitalized patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients. Subjects and Methods In the this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the results of about 5,000 urine samples sent for culture from the hospitalized patients of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz in 2019 were examined. Relevant information was extracted from patients’ medical records. Results Out of 5000 samples studied (39.7% female and 60.3% male), about 468 samples (9.36%) showed positive urine culture. Of the patients with UTI, 205 patients were women (43.8%). The risk of UTI increased with age. The most common bacteria caused urinary tract infections were E. coli with 51.5%, followed by Klebsiella with 29.3%. It was also observed that bacteria isolated from urine samples of people with UTI had antibiotic resistance, and for each bacteria special groups of antibiotics were more effective. Conclusion The prevalence of UTI in the studied patients was 9.36%. In females and with increasing age, the prevalence of UTI was higher. The most common bacteria that caused UTI were E. coli and then Klebsiella. Due to the fact that the resistance and sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotic used, it is recommended that the most common bacterial agents of UTI must be diagnosed and then the most appropriate antibiotic must be prescribed

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections inPakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Sarmad Zahoor ◽  
Naveed Shehzad Ahmad ◽  
Sadia Asif ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Sajid Jehangir ◽  
Asad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary track infection (UTI) is a common infection in Pakistan. Poor knowledge about personal hygiene and lack of awareness are major reasons of this infection. All over the world and in Pakistan E. coli and K. pneumonia are main causative agents of UTI.Objectives:To analyze Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections.Methods: In present study total 227 samples from Genomic Research Lab and Diagnostic Center Rawalpindi, Pakistan were tested for presence of different microbial infectious agents and their antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern. Biochemical test such as Gram staining, Lactose fermentation test, Motility test, Catalase test and Colony formation on MacConkey agar, Indole test, and Citrate utilization test were applied. The antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern was evaluated by using fourteen different antibiotics on MullarHigton agar. Top ten antibiotics were selected at a cut off value of 100 samples for E. coli and 20 samples for Klebsiella.Results: Against E. coli and K. species the most susceptible antibiotic was Imipenam with 97.5% and Amikacin with 94.9% susceptibility respectively. Moreover, against E. coli and K. species the most resistance antibiotic was Ciprofloxacin 81.7% and Tobramycin with 76.1% resistance respectively. The comparison of present study with pervious studies had shown an increase in resistance against various antibiotics.Conclusion: It is concluded from the present study that antibiotic resistance is on raise in Pakistan and the effect of each antibiotic was different with respect to type of infectious agent so it is recommended that the doctor should determine the dominant type of infectious agent and its susceptibility response before prescription of any antibiotic.   

Antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections presenting to the emergency department

Infection ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Hitzenbichler ◽  
Michaela Simon ◽  
Thomas Holzmann ◽  
Michael Iberer ◽  
Markus Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Avaliação do Perfil de Sensibilidade aos Antibióticos na Infeção Urinária da Comunidade

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Passadouro ◽  
Raquel Fonseca ◽  
Felícia Figueiredo ◽  
Andreia Lopes ◽  
Cristina Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections

<strong>Introduction:</strong> The urinary tract infections, after respiratory infections, are the most common in the community. The knowledge about the prevalence of microbial strains and their antibiotic susceptibility is crucial to establish an effective empirical therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from positive urine cultures performed in patients from the central region of Portugal.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We carried out a documental analysis of 6008 urine bacteriological exams, to be made available to physicians, most of which run through the automated system VITEK 2, bioMérieux. The majority (80%) of the urine bacteriological exams were from female. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen (65.9%), followed by Klebsiella spp (12%).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for Escherichia coli, as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid presents an activity level of only 81.1% for the same germ. Quinolones exhibit efficacy to only 78% of the strains of Escherichia coli, below the Fosfomycin and Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin showed high levels of activity (96%) for E. coli as well as Fosfomycin (96.6%). Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid presents a level of activity of only 81.1% for the same germ. The quinolones have a efficacy for only 78% of strains of E. coli, lower than Fosfomycin.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> Escherichia Coli was the most prevalent uropathogen (65.9%). High efficacy against this pathogenic agent was found for Fosfomycin (96.6%) and Nitrofurantoin (96%).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Further antimicrobial surveillance studies should be developed, in order to formulate local empirical therapy<br />recommendations for optimized therapeutical choices.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Urinary Tract Infections; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections.<br />

scholarly journals Urine Microbial Landscape in Children with Urinary Tract Infections in Ryazan and Ryazan Region

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
N.A. Belykh ◽  
◽  
S.V. Tereschenko ◽  
N.A. Anikeeva ◽  
S.S. Kantutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Tract Infections

Study Objective: To study a spectrum of uropathogens and their sensitivity to antimicrobials in urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children in Ryazan and Ryazan Region. Study Design: retrospective study. Materials and Methods. We conducted a retrospective local laboratory monitoring of urinary microflora and analysed its sensitivity to antimicrobials in 111 patients aged 2 months to 17 years old who were undergoing traditional UI therapy in 2020. The study group comprised 75 (67.6%) girls and 36 (32.4%) boys. Pathogen isolation and type identification were performed using urine specimens collected in sterile disposable plastic containers prior to antimicrobial therapy. Material was delivered for analysis within 2 hours from collection. For testing of pathogen sensitivity to antimicrobials, we used the phenotyping diffusion test and an analytical test for carbapenems inactivation. Study Results. Prevailing causative agents of UIs were Escherichia coli (50.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.4%). Resistance determinants were found in 9.0% and 2.7% of Е. соli and K. pneumoniae urological strains, respectively. The main mechanism of resistivity was production of wide spectrum plasmid β-lactamases. The highest activity in E. coli was demonstrated by generation III–IV cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fosfomicin (100%), nitrofurantoin (91.3%), and aminopenicillins (76.1–86.9%). For K. pneumoniae, generation III–IV cephalosporins and aminoglycosides were most potent (100%). All resistant pathogens were sensitive to cefoperazone sulbactam, meropenem, imipenem, aminoglycosides (100%); tigecycline, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomicin were most potent against E. coli. Conclusion. Children with UIs in Ryazan Region had mostly gram-negative bacteria in their urine (85.6%), Enterobacteralеs (81.1%) being a prevailing type. Antimicrobials resistance determinants were quite rare (17.8%) in these urine isolates; all of them were class A ЕSBL producers. These characteristic features of antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic enterobacteria strains allow using β-lactam antibiotics in empiric initial treatment and emphasising the need in patient-specific selection of antimicrobials. Keywords: antibacterial therapy, antibiotic resistance, children, urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Selection and co-selection of antibiotic resistances among Escherichia coli by antibiotic use in primary care: an ecological analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen B Pouwels ◽  
Berit Muller-Pebody ◽  
Timo Smieszek ◽  
Susan Hopkins ◽  
Julie V Robotham
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractThe majority of studies that link antibiotic usage and resistance focus on simple associations between the resistance against a specific antibiotic and the use of that specific antibiotic. However, the relationship between antibiotic use and resistance is more complex. Here we evaluate which antibiotics, including those mainly prescribed for respiratory tract infections, are associated with increased resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from urinary samples.Monthly primary care prescribing data were obtained from National Health Service (NHS) Digital. Positive E. coli records from urine samples in English primary care (n=888,207) between April 2014 and January 2016 were obtained from the Second Generation Surveillance System. Elastic net regularization was used to evaluate associations between prescribing of different antibiotic groups and resistance against amoxicillin, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav and nitrofurantoin at the clinical commissioning group (CCG) level. England is divided into 209 CCGs, with each NHS practice prolonging to one CCG.Amoxicillin prescribing (measured in DDD/ 1000 inhabitants / day) was positively associated with amoxicillin (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 – 1.04) and ciprofloxacin (RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04 – 1.17) resistance. In contrast, nitrofurantoin prescribing was associated with lower levels of resistance to amoxicillin (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.84 – 0.97). CCGs with higher levels of trimethoprim prescribing also had higher levels of ciprofloxacin resistance (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.10 – 1.59).Amoxicillin, which is mainly (and often unnecessarily) prescribed for respiratory tract infections is associated with increased resistance against various antibiotics among E. coli causing urinary tract infections. Our findings suggest that when predicting the potential impact of interventions on antibiotic resistances it is important to account for use of other antibiotics, including those typically used for other indications.Author summaryAntibiotic resistance is increasingly recognised as a threat to modern healthcare. Effective antibiotics are crucial for treatment of serious bacterial infections and are necessary to avoid that complicated surgical procedures and chemotherapy becoming life-threatening. Antibiotic use is one of the main drivers of antibiotic resistance. The majority of antibiotic prescriptions are prescribed in primary care, however, a large proportion of these antibiotic prescriptions are unnecessary. Understanding which antibiotics are causing antibiotic resistance to what extent is needed to prevent under- or over-investment in interventions lowering use of specific antibiotics, such as rapid diagnostic tests for respiratory tract infection.We have statistically evaluated which antibiotics are associated with higher and lower levels of antibiotic resistance against common antibiotics among Escherichia coli bacteria sampled from the urinary tract by comparing antibiotic prescribing and resistance in different geographical areas in England. Our model shows that amoxicillin, the most commonly used antibiotic in England and mainly used for respiratory tract infections, is associated with increased resistance against several other antibiotics among bacteria causing urinary tract infections. The methods used in this study, that overcome several of the limitations of previous studies, can be used to explore the complex relationships between antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in other settings.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AND THE COMPOSITION OF PATHOGENS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Lokshin ◽  
V. N. Shirshov ◽  
A. S. Popko ◽  
Yu. L. Demidko ◽  
N. D. Luchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Acute Cystitis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction.The main treatment component of asymptomatic bacteriuria, acute cystitis and pyelonephritis in pregnant women is antibiotic therapy, which in many patients is prescribed empirically. For successful selection of the drug, it is necessary to know both the structure of pathogens and the current profile of their antibiotic resistance.Purpose of research.The study of species composition and resistance to antibiotics of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women in the Moscow RegionMaterials and methods.The study included 104 pregnant women with uncomplicated UTIs who were observed and treated at the Lapino Clinical Hospital between 2016 and 2017. The material for bacteriological studies was the midstream portion of urine or urine collected by a catheter.Results.90 patients had asymptomatic bacteriuria, 10 had acute cystitis, and 4 had acute gestational pyelonephritis. The structure of the pathogens of UTI is presented: E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter cloacae. The most frequently detected pathogens were E. coli (67.3%) and E. faecalis (50%). Resistance rate of E.coli strains more than 20% was detected to ampicillin (36.4%), amoxicillin / clavulanate (23.2%), trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (27.4%), nalidixic acid (20.7%), cephalosporins 2 and 3 generation (respectively, 25.7% and 24.3%). Resistance rate more than 20% in Enterobacteriaceae family strains was detected to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (24.4%), nalidixic acid (20.7%), cephalosporins 2 generations (21.7%). Antibiotic resistance of E.coli and other Enterobacteriaceae family taxons less than 10% was noted only with respect to carbapenems (0%) and fosfomycin (1.5% and 3.5%, respectively).Conclusions.It is expedient to use the obtained data on the composition and sensitivity profile of uropathogens in UTIs in pregnant women when choosing starting empirical antibiotic therapy. Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document