scholarly journals Who spends more? Party Ideology and Public Spending in 16 Post-Socialist Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-250
Author(s):  
Dejan Bursać
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Party Ideology ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Western Democracies

Abstract The article is revisiting a never-concluded debate about the partisan effect on public spending. It explores the impact of the ruling parties’ ideological orientation, operationalised in a single-dimensional left-right scale, on budget expenditures in Central and Eastern Europe. The research is conducted within an expanded time series covering the complete period since the fall of one-party regimes in sixteen former socialist countries, where the issue has remained under-studied, especially in comparison with a number of similar studies focusing mostly on developed Western democracies. The findings moderately support the main hypothesis demonstrating that, although an ideology matters, there are also other more significant predictors of the spending among political, economic or other contextual variables related to a specific transitional framework of the countries in question. The same conclusion applies to the total consumption, as well as to the examined budget segments of social transfers and education, while the environmental spending seems to be completely unrelated to the partisan variable.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Policies on Self-Reliance Incentives for Roma in Central and Eastern Europe

Ekonomika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Milcher ◽  
Katarína Zigová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we review the social systems in five European countries: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania. We focus here on regulations towards households with insufficient income. Based on this, we analyse the impact of social transfers on self-reliance incentives of the Roma minority in particular, using data from the UNDP/ILO survey conducted in 2001 in the five countries.

Monetary Policy and the Top 10%: A Time-Series Analysis Using ARDL and ECM

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeen Omar ◽  
Christian Richter
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
The Impact

Abstract For the past decades, income inequality has been on the rise, and so is the frequency of its mentions in recent speeches by central bankers. With the heightened importance of the topic, this research aims to study the impact of monetary policy on income inequality. The study used dynamic models for the analysis, namely; the Error-correction Model (ECM) and the Auto-regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to determine the relationship in both the short- and long-run. The data used were the top 10% income share and the short-term interest rate. Our main hypothesis is that changes in the short-term interest rate have a significant impact on the top 10% income share. We draw time-series evidence from a sample of nine economies at different stages of development: United States, United Kingdom, Russia, Germany, France, Greece, China, South Africa and Chile. The findings support the hypothesis with interestingly varying effects across our sample. These results provide important implications that can contribute in bettering policy setting and add to the discussion of the role of central banks in reducing income inequality.

scholarly journals Investment in education and its impact on economy of nepal (An empirical analysis of educational spending to agriculture productivity)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Dhruba Bhattarai ◽  
Devendra Prasad Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Educational Spending ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Econometric Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Using 20 years of time series data, 1994 -2014 , on key macro-economic variables the present paper attempts to examine the significance of public spending in education in GDP through agriculture technical education. We argue that education plays a crucial role in the adaptation of new agriculture technology and methodologies through the availability of more trained agriculture Agriculture manpower including extension workers and thereby help increase agriculture productivity. The increase in agriculture productivity eventually helps to increase the GDP of the country. Results from our econometric analyses revealed that variables like students enrollment in agriculture and forestry institute and agriculture output ratio in GDP are not in expected direction though this one is statistically significant. The result thus signifies that the impact of investment in education especially in agriculture and forestry technical education is inconclusive demanding more deeper analysis is about the possible mechanism of the nexus between the two.

The Impact of Secularism on Religious Beliefs and Practices

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Adibah Binti AbdulRahim
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
The West ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Secularism is the most serious challenge of modernity posed by the West. Its main ideology is to liberate man from the religious and metaphysical values and expel religion from the practical aspect of man’s life. It clearly presents its materialistic viewpoint which is cut off from Divine, Transcendent or Supernatural principles and does not refer to and is isolated from Revelation. In terms of its intensity and scope as well as its discernable effects upon people’s mind, the repercussion of secularism is so pervasive and universal. It gives a great impact on every facet of life including individual and family lives as well as educational, political, economic and social-cultural realm. Most importantly, secularism affects the very tenets of traditional religious beliefs and practices. This paper tries to focus on the danger of secularism and its principles which are contradict to the religious worldview.  

River-Basin Planning for Control of Nitrate Pollution

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Sinnott ◽  
D G Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Optimal Mix ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
The Impact

The combination of increasing nitrate concentrations in the River Thames and the recent EEC Directive on the acceptable level in potable water is posing a potential problem. In assessing the impact of nitrates on water-resource systems, extensive use has been made of time-series analysis and simulation. These techniques are being used to define the optimal mix of alternatives for overcoming the problem on a regional basis.

Epigenetic Studies in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bárbara Arias ◽  
Mar Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
Laura González-Vallespí ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epigenetic modifications appear to be dynamic and they might be affected by environmental factors. The possibility of influencing these processes through psychotherapy has been suggested. Objective: To analyse the impact of psychotherapy on epigenetics when applied to mental disorders. The main hypothesis is that psychological treatments will produce epigenetic modifications related to the improvement of treated symptoms. Methods: A computerised and systematic search was completed throughout the time period from 1990 to 2019 on the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. Results: In total, 11 studies were selected. The studies were evaluated for the theoretical framework, genes involved, type of psychotherapy and clinical challenges and perspectives. All studies showed detectable changes at the epigenetic level, like DNA methylation changes, associated with symptom improvement after psychotherapy. Conclusion: Methylation profiles could be moderating treatment effects of psychotherapy. Beyond the detected epigenetic changes after psychotherapy, the epigenetic status before the implementation could act as an effective predictor of response.

THE EFFECTS OF PARTY IDEOLOGY ON PUBLIC ORDER AND SAFETY SPENDING IN FORMER SOCIALIST COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1/2020) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Dejan Bursac
Keyword(s):  
Public Order ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Transitional Environment ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Budget Component ◽  
Western Democracies

The study is designed to empirically test the effects which different ruling party ideologies have on spending for public order and safety budget component in Central and Eastern European countries. The transitional environment and especially post-Cold War security context have altered the concept of security in former socialist societies. Our assumption, based not just on theoretical concepts of left and right ideologies, but also on studies examining this matter in more developed Western democracies, was that right-leaning cabinets will have higher levels of budget consumption for law and order than leftist governments. The empirical model confirmed this hypothesis, albeit only partially. A number of other political, economic, and contextual variables connected with transitional setting, which usually have effect on general levels of spending or certain budget areas, have demonstrated a low significance when comes to law and order spending.

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