scholarly journals The role of European funds in developing and sustaining rural entrepreneurship in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Florina Răzvanţă Puie
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Local Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Government

AbstractWith the integration into the European Union (EU) in 2007, growth opportunities have arisen for Romania. In terms of rural area and agriculture, National Rural Development Programs (NRDPs) are implemented, through which funds are granted from the European Union and the Government of Romania, for the economic and social development of the rural area. In this context, entrepreneurial initiatives for rural development have been encouraged, and many SMEs were given the opportunity to be eligible for European funding. The NRDP 2014-2020 continues the efforts for rural development, through strategic objectives, allowing entrepreneurs to implement their business ideas and sustain the development of the rural communities. The paper aims to analyze how the European funding influences the development of rural entrepreneurship in Romania. The study will comprise an analysis of the existing results of the NRDP 2014-2020, referring to annual evaluation indicators of the project implementation (number of jobs created in supported projects, percentage of rural population targeted by local development strategies, etc.). The methodology focuses on interpretation of the latest statistical data from trusted sources, as well as analysis of the official documents and reports (e.g. NRDP 2014-2020 annual report). This paper will contribute with accurate results and discussions concerning the role of EU funds for the rural communities. Also, the study will describe some of the challenges that Romanian rural entrepreneurship still faces after implementation of European funding programs and unresolved issues.

scholarly journals Local Communities Participation in Rural Development: the Experience of the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 (09) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
S. Golovina ◽  
Aleksey Ruchkin ◽  
I. Mikolaychik ◽  
L. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Member States

Abstract. The use of the experience of implementing the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the member states of the European Union (EU) is relevant both for Russia and for other countries of the world interested in the successful development of the agrarian sector of the economy and rural areas. The role of rural areas in achieving national security of countries and regions (food, biological, environmental and other) is increasing significantly due to the current challenges and threats (climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, aggravation of the international situation). The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is to scrutinise the special approach implemented under the CAP. This approach is referred to in European law as LEADER/CLLD and refers to a close combination of comprehensive cross-sector interaction with active involvement of local communities in rural development. In the work, analytical and review research methods were used, with the help of which (1) the current (relevant to the research topic) legislation, (2) programs implemented in the EU member states, (3) significant scientific publications were subject to scrupulous study. The result of the work is a review and analysis of the findings and practical recommendations for the future use of the various aspects of LEADER/CLLD in domestic political and economic practice. The application of this approach takes into account the fact that the experience of local residents, combined with the opinions of other stakeholders, can help to better adapt rural development policy to real needs and opportunities, and to form a specific (unique) human capital within the boundaries of rural communities. Human capital includes, in addition to specific skills, (1) the ability to take constructive initiatives, (2) a sense of local identity and ownership, (3) the ability to participate as equals with other partners in defining local development strategies, (4) trust between people, private enterprises, public institutions and sectoral communities interested in successful rural development, formed through constant interaction. Theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the content of LEADER/CLLD initiatives, as well as findings related to the possibilities of introducing tools and mechanisms to support rural areas, implemented directly with the involvement of local communities with financial support from the state, are of scientific novelty.

scholarly journals Strategic Analysis of The Rural Area Development in the Central Region of Romania

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulus IAGARU ◽  
Pompilica IAGARU ◽  
Jenica CALINA ◽  
Aurel CALINA
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Strategic Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Area Development

This paper aims at addressing issues of rural development in the Central Region for Development of Romania, in terms of preserving both the traditional aspect of Romania’s rural area and the modernization of rural life for the integration in the European Union. The premise and the importance of such a process are made up by the certainty that the development of rural area and of agriculture in Romania have to be consistent with the values and global beliefs on the environment, agriculture and the role of tradition.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship and Innovation Towards Rural Development Evidence from a Peripheral Area in Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Lúcia Pato
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Peripheral Area

AbstractBased on an exploratory research, this study highlights the role of pure rural entrepreneurship towards rural development of an inland and mountainous area of Portugal—Montemuro. Thanks to the Institute of Cultural Affairs and the energy of the rural communities, some people of the rural area have been stimulated thirty years ago to develop endogenous, entrepreneurial and innovative initiatives in the countryside. The benefits of all these rural entrepreneurial and endogenous initiatives are visible nowadays. Some villages of the rural area have more people, socio-economic dynamics were revitalized, and some job opportunities were created. Therefore, in a context of depopulation and crisis of peripheral and interior areas, our study demonstrates that rural entrepreneurship and innovation based on endogenous resources are key for the welfare of the rural society.

scholarly journals Rural Development in Romania – A Few Considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Lucian Paul
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
The Government ◽  
Partnership Agreement ◽  
Agenda 2000

AbstractThe ‘Agenda 2000’ introduces the Rural Development Policy, as part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), as a complex policy that can ensure a stable income and a reasonable standard of living for the rural population. Rural development is a major CAP objective since over 50% of the population lives in rural areas and accounts for 80% of E.U. Territories. As a concept, the ‘rural area’ is defined both at a national and European level following specific criteria; however, these criteria differ from one country to another. A complete definition can be found in the European Charter of Rural Areas. Between 2014-2020, the development of rural areas in Romania is supported by the National Rural Development Program. It provides non-reimbursable funds from the European Union and funding from the Government of Romania. Convergence with the Europe 2020 Strategy is ensured through the Partnership Agreement with the European Union, which covers a number of challenges and thematic objectives. In order to achieve them, well-founded investment programs are needed. These programs must have a direct impact on increasing the living standards of the population residing within rural areas. Over 19 billion euros were allocated to Romania for the 2014-2020 period; these funds were used for agricultural policy and rural development. The total budget of the NRDP (2014-2020) is 9.4 billion euros, of which 1.3 billion euros comes from national funding. We believe the achievements recorded in rural areas, up to 2020, are modest and do not reflect the proposed objectives. Thus, projects were drawn up at national and local levels seldom support rural development and do not reflect development needs; sadly, these projects are often drawn up without focusing on efficiency.

Multilevel governance or multilevel government?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-783
Author(s):  
Tanja A Börzel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Liberal Intergovernmentalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Public Interest Groups ◽  
The Government

The commentary returns to the beginning of the career of multilevel governance as a distinct perspective on the European Union and European integration. At the time, multilevel governance allowed a generation of students to overcome the stylised debates between Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Neofunctionalism on how to best capture the ‘nature of the beast’. At the same time, multilevel governance still privileged the role of public authorities over economic and societal actors. While subsequent studies broadened the focus to include the social partners or public interest groups, Hooghe and Marks have retained their public authority bias. The commentary argues that the focus on multilevel government rather than multilevel governance has increased the scope or applicability of Hooghe and Marks’ approach, both within the European Union and beyond. At the same time, the government bias has prevented the multilevel governance approach from unlocking its full explanatory potential.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (3) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Adamowicz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Area Development ◽  
The Eu

The objective of the study, on the basis of problem literature, is the presentation of theoretical concepts referring to rural development and practical support programmes of these areas available in Poland and the European Union (EU). In this context, rural areas are presented as the reference area for development policies, with particular consideration for the Cohesion Policy (CP), the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including the EU Rural Area Development Programme (RADP). Among the theoretical rural development concepts, particular attention was devoted to sustainable and balanced development forming the basis for shaping practical development programmes and identifying new theoretical approaches. The latter encompassed the smart rural areas concept, the resilience concept, local development programming, bottom-up endogenous development and the neo-endogenous concept of open development. It was concluded that the LEADER and LEADER+ neo-endogenous concept is an effective form of supporting rural area development, especially after the fifth extension of the EU with Central and Eastern European countries.

scholarly journals Pozycja ustrojowa Prezydenta RP w systemie konstytucyjnym Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej w kontekście członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(61)) ◽  
pp. 257-279
Author(s):  
Anna Budzanowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Institutional Order

The Constitutional Role of the President of the Republic of Poland in the Context of Membership of the European Union The article presents a synthetic analysis of issues related to the constitutional position of the President of the Republic of Poland in constitutional and institutional order in the context of Poland’s membership in the structures of the European Union. The text mentions the basics of not only legal but also functional elements of the constitutional system. The purpose of this article is also to indicate how much the constitutional model of the executive bodies is sufficient to resolving problematic political issues when there is a particular kind of relationship between the head of state and the government administration.

Understanding the Rohingya Crisis and the Failure of Human Rights Norm in Myanmar: Possible Policy Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shariful Islam
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government

How can one understand the genealogy of the Rohingyas? How did the Myanmar state frame the Rohingyas? What factors led to the failure of the human rights norm in the case of the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar? How can this crisis be addressed? This article investigates these questions and argues that Rohingyas were living in the Rakhine state of Myanmar throughout centuries. They were dehumanized and systematically excluded by the government of Myanmar over a long time. The article also argues that Myanmar state was not interested in complying with the international norms of human rights in case of Rohingya crisis due to the prevailing domestic structure of the country, lack of political opportunities at the national, regional, and global levels, and the narrowly defined national interests of the major powers. In this context, possibilities need to be created to address the Rohingya crisis. Thus, the role of the international community, including China, India, Russia, the United Nations, and the European Union, becomes critical.

Channelled Policy Transfers: EU-Tunisia Interactions on Migration Matters

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Cassarino
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Tunisian Population ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Government ◽  
Advocacy Role

Abstract This study analyses how the migration policy options of the Government of Tunisia have been codified by repeated interactions with the European Union (eu) and its Member States. It argues that these interactions have been shaped by the gradual consolidation of a hierarchy of priorities where the drive for operability and security predominates. A hierarchy of priorities delineates the contours of the perceived top priorities that should be tackled first and foremost, while hiding or dismissing others. Having historicized the origins of this hierarchy, the study sets out to show that the prioritization of security concerns in bilateral and multilateral migration talks allowed the leadership of former President Ben Ali to skilfully readjust or channel transferred rules and policies on migration matters with a view to strengthening its own domination. This had serious implications for human rights observance in Tunisia. Today, after (or despite) the radical transformations that took place in Tunisia in early 2011, the same hierarchy of priorities continues to exist. However, its resilience may raise a host of complicated issues, given the empowered advocacy role of civil society organizations and the manifest alertness of Tunisian population.

scholarly journals The strengthen of the second pillar in the European Union and Hungary

2006 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Nagy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
The Common ◽  
Agenda 2000 ◽  
Development Regulation ◽  
The Eu

The Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) took shape in the early 1960s. At that time the first action was to stop food shortages. Among the objectives of the Treaties of Rome appeared the subvention of rural development had not yet.Rural development appeared, in 1992, in connection with accompanying measures, and by end of decade, the European Agricultural Model had taken shape. Agenda 2000 pointed out the direction of rural development and introduced the first and second pillars in the CAP. The regulations of rural development were simplified by 1257/1999/EC, which stressed the importance of rural development to and it has to continue the principle of subsidiarity and has to be decentralized.The last enlargement raised new problems, the mid-term review of Agenda 2000 occurred and resulted in a new CAP-reform in 2003. The 1783/2003/EC rural development regulation modified the previous regulation. According to the new regulation it is necessary to strengthen the new rural development policy, enlarge the circles of accompanying measures, place greater emphasis on requirements of environment, human resource, animal welfare and plant health. Digression and modulation take part in the new CAP-reform in order to increase the role of rural development in the common budget.In the next budget from 2007-2013, the European Union wants to create a single rural development fund and simplify programming, financing, monitoring. The EU wants to enlarge the instruments of rural development with a four axis model.

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