scholarly journals Pozycja ustrojowa Prezydenta RP w systemie konstytucyjnym Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej w kontekście członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(61)) ◽  
pp. 257-279
Author(s):  
Anna Budzanowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Institutional Order

The Constitutional Role of the President of the Republic of Poland in the Context of Membership of the European Union The article presents a synthetic analysis of issues related to the constitutional position of the President of the Republic of Poland in constitutional and institutional order in the context of Poland’s membership in the structures of the European Union. The text mentions the basics of not only legal but also functional elements of the constitutional system. The purpose of this article is also to indicate how much the constitutional model of the executive bodies is sufficient to resolving problematic political issues when there is a particular kind of relationship between the head of state and the government administration.

scholarly journals The Constitution – Chosen Premises Justifying the Need to Introduce Amendments

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Jacek Przybojewski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Unambiguous Determination ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Indication of conditions constituting necessity of modifications within the scope of the Constitution shall be considered while perceiving the leading role of the Constitution in Polish legal order. Constitutional regulations determine standards for the entire legal system of the Republic of Poland. It is also worth a while to consider the need for unambiguous determination of relations of constitutional norms, also with regard to the law of the European Union. Doubts appearing within the scope of systemic rules concern mainly regulations specifying the rule of division and balancing of powers. Actually, they consist in lacks with regard to organization of bodies of each of three powers. Another issue is improvement of solutions determining coexistence of government and local government administration within the broader scope of principles of uniformity of the state and decentralization of public power. The article presents an analysis related to the aforementioned issues.

scholarly journals 1918 barrier on the road to the membership of the European Union

2007 ◽  
pp. 11-34
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eastern Enlargement ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Government ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Eu Eastern Enlargement ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) and Serbia?s accession to this international organization in a relatively distant future are linked, in the eyes of the Serbian public, with numerous expectations, dilemmas, misunderstanding fears, joys and periodical manipulations. The topic is important, broad and complex, so there is a need for the basic and understandable explanations. While in Serbia this topic is one of the most important and high on the government?s agenda. In the EU and its member countries, it attracts almost no attention and is not a priority issue. Simply, the EU is concerned with much more important issues, such as its future constitutional system security, energy, globalization, unemployment, immigration, demographic problem (population ageing), monetary union, preservation of the single market and adjustment to the EU eastern enlargement of 2004 and 2007. After introduction to the advantages and problems relating to Serbia?s potential accession to the EU, the attention is turned to the issues that include geopolitical conditions for accession to the EU, legislation and functioning of the EU, as well as its budget. Effects of integration, the EU?s interest in Serbia and Serbia?s interest in the EU are presented before conclusions.

Estonian Legal Culture on the Threshold to the 21st Century

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peeter Järvelaid
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The Republic of Estonia is one of those European countries for which the year 1918 meant a deep and radical change in the development of their states. During the last decade, these states – Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic (the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic in 1918), Poland, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia – have all become Member States of or applicant countries to the European Union. On 28 July 1922, the Republic of Estonia was de jure recognized by the Government of the United States. This was an important act, since soon afterwards, on 22 September 1922, Estonia became a member of the League of Nations. Estonia had thus become a subject of international law.

Multilevel governance or multilevel government?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-783
Author(s):  
Tanja A Börzel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Liberal Intergovernmentalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Public Interest Groups ◽  
The Government

The commentary returns to the beginning of the career of multilevel governance as a distinct perspective on the European Union and European integration. At the time, multilevel governance allowed a generation of students to overcome the stylised debates between Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Neofunctionalism on how to best capture the ‘nature of the beast’. At the same time, multilevel governance still privileged the role of public authorities over economic and societal actors. While subsequent studies broadened the focus to include the social partners or public interest groups, Hooghe and Marks have retained their public authority bias. The commentary argues that the focus on multilevel government rather than multilevel governance has increased the scope or applicability of Hooghe and Marks’ approach, both within the European Union and beyond. At the same time, the government bias has prevented the multilevel governance approach from unlocking its full explanatory potential.

The Constitutional Court and Others in Romanian Constitutionalism – 25 Years After

ICL Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Selejan-Guțan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Actual Role ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Critical Overview

AbstractThe current Romanian constitutional system, established in 1991, has undergone numerous formal and informal developments in the last 25 years. The main issues that arose in the decade since the country’s adhesion to the European Union were the respect for the rule of law, independence of the judiciary and the fight against corruption. In this context, the Constitutional Court has been one of the central elements of the rule of law guarantee in Romania. This paper intends to present a critical overview of the actual role of the Constitutional Court in the Romanian constitutional system, in the different contexts that link the Court with ‘others’, ie mainly with State powers (the Court itself being and independent organ, placed outside the judicial power).

scholarly journals THE FLAWS OF THE SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING FOR THE VALUE-ADDED TAX LIABILITIES AND RECEIVABLES, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OVERCOMING THEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1613-1618
Author(s):  
Nada Petrusheva ◽  
Darko Iliov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reduced Rate

Value-added tax (VAT) is a consumption tax, meaning that it is a tax on the purchase of a product or a service. It is a form of taxation that focuses on how much an individual consumes opposed to how much that individual contributes to the economy (income tax).Value-added tax is paid by residents of any country in the European Union. Both consumers and businesses are liable to pay VAT when purchasing products or services. When a manufacturer creates a product, it is liable to pay value-added tax on the components purchased in order to create goods. When the product is sold, the tax burden is transferred onto the buyer, who pays the whole VAT amount, from which the manufacturer pays the government the difference between the whole VAT amount and the VAT amount that has already been paid when the components were purchased. Value-added taxation rates are set by the member states individually. The minimum rate of VAT as directed by the European Union is 15%. There is no maximum limit on value-added taxation. Member states are also at liberty to choose certain products and services to be subject to a reduced rate of VAT or to be exempt altogether. The system of accounting for the VAT liabilities and receivables in the Republic of Macedonia has certain issues which are presented in this paper. This paper also presents recommendations that are aimed towards overcoming these issues.

scholarly journals Indonesian Government Strategies On Obtaining Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Market Access To European Union Countries Over The EU Parliament Resolution On Palm Oil And Deforestation Of Rainforest

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Bustanul Arifin ◽  
Komang Audina Permana Putri
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
The Eu

Indonesia is the largest producer of palm oil in the world. With Malaysia, palm oil production could account for about eighty percent of global production. Meanwhile, Europe is the country with the third largest CPO export destination for Indonesia after India and China. However, the EU proposed a European Union resolution initiative on palm oil and deforestation of rainforest, which finally passed with the major votes from EU members of Parliament in April 2017. The key point on EU resolution reveals that EU will ban palm oil use for biofuels production by 2020. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Indonesian government’s diplomatic efforts to respond and negotiate with EU regarding the issue. It is also considered important to prevent the global downturn on palm oil products. To analyze the diplomacy effort, the researcher will use qualitative methods presented through data collection from sources such as books, journals, press releases and official reports from institutions in this case the European Union. To support the research, the researcher also uses primary data through the interview with one of the representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia for diplomatic actions conducted by Indonesian government. This research finds that the government of Indonesian finally combined several soft diplomatic strategies to face EU both directly and indirectly.Keywords: Strategies, Government of Indonesia, Trade, Palm Oil, EU Resolution, Deforestation

scholarly journals The role of European funds in developing and sustaining rural entrepreneurship in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Florina Răzvanţă Puie
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Local Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Government

AbstractWith the integration into the European Union (EU) in 2007, growth opportunities have arisen for Romania. In terms of rural area and agriculture, National Rural Development Programs (NRDPs) are implemented, through which funds are granted from the European Union and the Government of Romania, for the economic and social development of the rural area. In this context, entrepreneurial initiatives for rural development have been encouraged, and many SMEs were given the opportunity to be eligible for European funding. The NRDP 2014-2020 continues the efforts for rural development, through strategic objectives, allowing entrepreneurs to implement their business ideas and sustain the development of the rural communities. The paper aims to analyze how the European funding influences the development of rural entrepreneurship in Romania. The study will comprise an analysis of the existing results of the NRDP 2014-2020, referring to annual evaluation indicators of the project implementation (number of jobs created in supported projects, percentage of rural population targeted by local development strategies, etc.). The methodology focuses on interpretation of the latest statistical data from trusted sources, as well as analysis of the official documents and reports (e.g. NRDP 2014-2020 annual report). This paper will contribute with accurate results and discussions concerning the role of EU funds for the rural communities. Also, the study will describe some of the challenges that Romanian rural entrepreneurship still faces after implementation of European funding programs and unresolved issues.

scholarly journals Globalne uwarunkowania wzrostu konkurencyjności Unii Europejskiej w XXI wieku

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Zdzisław W. Puślecki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Eu

The paper aims to present the global determinants of the increased competitiveness of the European Union in the 21st century. Its detailed purpose was to determine the position of the European Union vis-à-vis the USA and Japan, to indicate the role of innovation and employment in the increased competitiveness of the EU, the position of the Common Agricultural Policy under the circumstances of increased competition, the increased importance of ser- vices, the position of the European Union as compared to the competitiveness of BRIC, and how the EU functions within WTO principles. The analysis of these research issues indicates that the European Union is facing a number of significant challenges in the early 21st century. Those related to the prices of goods and resources are particularly worth pointing out. They are closely, mutually related and concern political issues in the field of financial markets, de- velopment, trade, industry and external relations.

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