scholarly journals Study of selected physical, chemical and biological properties of selected materials intended for contact with human body

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Mrówka ◽  
Tomasz Machoczek ◽  
Paweł Jureczko ◽  
Małgorzata Szymiczek ◽  
Magdalena Skonieczna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Additive Technology ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Artificial Sweat ◽  
Major Attention

Abstract The purpose of the conducted study was to analyse new materials intended for contact with the human body in view of their physical, chemical and biological properties. The authors have put to test six commercially available materials, four out of which were composite polyamide 12-based materials, while two were polyurethanes. The examined materials were assessed in terms of the surface. Subsequently, their hardness and biocompatibility were tested. The authors devoted major attention to the tests of absorption and emissivity of water, the pH = 7.4 PBS buffer solution and pH = 4.3 artificial sweat in temperatures of 21°C and 37°C. The results of the tests have confirmed the non-toxicity of all the tested materials and allowed to provide their characteristics in terms of their surface, hardness, as well as absorption and emissivity of various body fluids. Both polyamide 12 and the tested polyurethanes are classified as thermoplastics that may be used in additive technology.

КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ВЕРОЯТНОСТИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ МЕТАБОЛИТОВ КСЕНОБИОТИКОВ В ОРГАНИЗМЕ ЧЕЛОВЕКА

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1210
Author(s):  
Д.А. Филимонов ◽  
◽  
А.В. Рудик ◽  
А.В. Дмитриев ◽  
А.А. Лагунин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Reactive Metabolites ◽  
Combinatorial Explosion ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Xenobiotic Biotransformation

In the human body, xenobiotics undergo biotransformation, that may result in the formation of metabolites physical, chemical and biological properties of which differ significantly from the initial substances; the formation of toxic and reactive metabolites is possible. An experimental study of xenobiotic biotransformation appears challenging and the development of computational methods of prediction is therefore an important task. The main disadvantage of computational methods includes that a large number of possible metabolites are generated leading to a "combinatorial explosion". The purpose of this work is to select criteria for optimizing the prediction of metabolites within the framework of our web resource MetaTox (http://www.way2drug.com/MG), which is freely available via Internet. We compared the performance of additive and multiplicative methods for assessing the probability of the formation of metabolites and shown the additive approach's superiority.

Cytotoxicity Analysis of Apatites Modified with Divalent Metals

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1135-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingried Russoni Lima ◽  
Silvia R. A. Santos ◽  
D.L. Santiago ◽  
Antonella M. Rossi ◽  
José Mauro Granjeiro
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
New Materials ◽  
3T3 Fibroblasts ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Biological Compatibility

Hydroxyapatite (HA) and apatite based biomaterials are important for bone replacement. Different apatites could be produced by substituting calcium, phosphate or hydroxyl groups, resulting in new materials with different physical, chemical and biological properties. In this work we investigate the biological compatibility of apatites modified by divalent cations in cultured mammalian cells using Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts cell line. Modified apatites, Ca9.5M0.5(PO4)6(OH)2 (M=Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Sr, V e Pb) and Ca10(VO4)6(OH)2 were produced and characterized by FTIR, XRD and XRF. Extracts of each metal-modified apatites (0.1mg/mL of Dulbeco Modified Eagle Medium – DMEM without serum) were obtained. Cells (3x104) were exposed for 24 h/37C to the pure extract (100%). Afterwards, the number of viable cells was determined in a hemocitometer. The number of viable cells in the absence of any extract was taking as 100%. SHA didn’t present any toxicity while phenol killed 82% of the cells. In the presence of pure extract of Fe-HA or Sr- HA an increase of 70% and 20%, respectively, in the number of relative cells was observed. On the other hand, the number of residual cells after treatment with the pure extract of Pb+2, Zn+2, Co+2, and (VO4)3- was73, 65, 48, and 21%, respectively. In conclusion, cells response was strongly dependent on the metal that substitutes calcium or phosphate. Further studies are required to better understand the biological effect of these substitutions.

scholarly journals Smart Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications—A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Aflori
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Extinction Coefficients ◽  
Nanosized Materials ◽  
Reduced Dimensions ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Environmental Variations ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Molar Extinction Coefficients

Recent advances in nanotechnology have forced the obtaining of new materials with multiple functionalities. Due to their reduced dimensions, nanomaterials exhibit outstanding physio-chemical functionalities: increased absorption and reactivity, higher surface area, molar extinction coefficients, tunable plasmonic properties, quantum effects, and magnetic and photo properties. However, in the biomedical field, it is still difficult to use tools made of nanomaterials for better therapeutics due to their limitations (including non-biocompatible, poor photostabilities, low targeting capacity, rapid renal clearance, side effects on other organs, insufficient cellular uptake, and small blood retention), so other types with controlled abilities must be developed, called “smart” nanomaterials. In this context, the modern scientific community developed a kind of nanomaterial which undergoes large reversible changes in its physical, chemical, or biological properties as a consequence of small environmental variations. This systematic mini-review is intended to provide an overview of the newest research on nanosized materials responding to various stimuli, including their up-to-date application in the biomedical field.

scholarly journals Radionuclidic generators for the production of technetium-99m and rhenium-188

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Vucina ◽  
Dragoljub Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
99Mtc Generators ◽  
Simple Production ◽  
Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine

The paper deals with production and application of open radioactive sources in modern diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine. In principle, besides adequate physical, chemical and biological properties a reliable route for the routine production of both radionuclide and radiopharmaceutical should be on disposal. The favorite route are radionuclidic generators as they enable simple production of shorter-lived radionuclides at relatively low costs. The main radionuclide in diagnosis is technetium-99m. Its advantages are favorable nuclear properties, availability of large activities of high quality 99mTc at reasonable prices by using (n,f)99Mo/99mTc generators and versatile chemistry. It is used in the investigation of practically all organs and tissues in the human body. Among the betaemitters the radionuclides of rhenium have been recently proposed as suitable candidates for therapeutic applications. The most important is 188Re which is obtained from 188W/188Re generator. Some of the important radiopharmaceuticals labeled with rhenium radionuclides used for certain specific indications are also shown. The activities performed in the Laboratory for Radioisotopes (Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences) are also enclosed.

scholarly journals Effects of increasing hydrophobicity on the physical-chemical and biological properties of a class A amphipathic helical peptide

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1096-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta Datta ◽  
Manjula Chaddha ◽  
Susan Hama ◽  
Mohamad Navab ◽  
Alan M. Fogelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
Class A ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Helical Peptide

Nanobiotechnology: Nature-inspired silver nanoparticles towards green synthesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2198988
Author(s):  
Nur Syakirah Rabiha Rosman ◽  
Noor Aniza Harun ◽  
Izwandy Idris ◽  
Wan Iryani Wan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Noble Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The emergence of technology to produce nanoparticles (1 nm – 100 nm in size) has drawn significant researchers’ interests. Nanoparticles can boost the antimicrobial, catalytic, optical, and electrical conductivity properties, which cannot be achieved by their corresponding bulk. Among other noble metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attained a special emphasis in the industry due to their superior physical, chemical, and biological properties, closely linked to their shapes, sizes, and morphologies. Proper knowledge of these NPs is essential to maximise the potential of biosynthesised AgNPs in various applications while mitigating risks to humans and the environment. This paper aims to critically review the global consumption of AgNPs and compare the AgNPs synthesis between conventional methods (physical and chemical) and current trend method (biological). Related work, advantages, and drawbacks are also highlighted. Pertinently, this review extensively discusses the current application of AgNPs in various fields. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of biosynthesised AgNPs, including application safety, oxidation, and stability, commercialisation, and sustainability of resources towards a green environment, were discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignite Fly Ash on the Growth and Reproduction of Earthworm Eisenia fetida

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sarojini ◽  
S. Ananthakrishnasamy ◽  
G. Manimegala ◽  
M. Prakash ◽  
G. Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Lignite Fly Ash ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Fly ash is an amorphous ferroalumino silicate, an important solid waste around thermal power plants. It creates problems leading to environmental degradation due to improper utilization or disposal. However, fly ash is a useful ameliorant that may improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils and is a source of readily available plant macro and micronutrients when it is used with biosolids. Supply of nutrients from fly ash with biosolids may enhance their agricultural use. The growth and reproduction ofEisenia fetidawas studied during vermicomposting of fly ash with cowdung and pressmud in four different proportions (T1,T2,T3& T4) and one controli.e.,cow dung and pressmud alone. The growth, cocoon and hatchlings production were observed at the interval of 15 days over a period of 60 days. The maximum worm growth and reproduction was observed in bedding material alone. Next to that the T1was observed as the best mixture for vermiculture.

scholarly journals Micro: An International Open Access Journal for All of Microscale and Nanoscale Science

Micro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Eiichi Tamiya
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Nanoscale Science

Since the late 20th century, there has been a special interest in the microscale and nanoscale research investigating and exploiting the physical, chemical, and biological properties of these length-scale systems [...]

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