Effects of Self-Administered GH or IGF-1 Hormones on Resting Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Markers in Men with or Without Resistance Exercise

Abstract Introduction. Some athletes and non-athletes use peptide hormones to increase lean body mass and fat loss, but those effects on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers are unknown. The aim of this study was to show the physiological profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in athletes and non-athletes following long-term self-administration of GH or IGF-1 Material and Methods. Seventy-five healthy young men with the history of peptide hormone (i.e., GH or IGF-1) use for at least 1 year (i.e., 3 to 4 times a year) or resistance exercise (RE) experience for at least 3 years volunteered to participate in this study and were divided into 5 selected groups including 1) GH use plus RE (GH+RE, n = 15), 2) IGF-1 use plus RE (IGF-1+RE, n = 15), 3) GH use (GH, n = 15), 4) IGF-1 use (IGF-1, n = 15), and 5) RE only (RE, n = 15). Blood sample was obtained one time in order to evaluate the resting concentration of oxidative stress markers including 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant defense systems (i.e., glutathione peroxidase [GPx], catalase [CAT], and glutamate [GLU]). Results. There were no significant (p > 0.05) differences among the groups in the 8-OHdG, MDA, NO, GPx, CAT, and GLU levels. Conclusions. Self-administration of peptide hormone and RE for at least 1 year is not accompanied by alterations in resting oxidative stress and the antioxidant system in male athletes and non-athletes.

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Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise and the Use of GH or IGF-1 Hormones on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Markers in Bodybuilders

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8120587 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 587

Author(s):

Heidar Mohammadjafari ◽

Hamid Arazi ◽

Nematollah Nemati ◽

Tahereh Bagherpoor ◽

Katsuhiko Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Peptide Hormone ◽

User Group ◽

Single Session ◽

Post Exercise ◽

User Groups ◽

Heavy Resistance Exercise ◽

Hormone Use ◽

Antioxidant Markers

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of peptide hormone use on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses to a single session of resistance exercise in male bodybuilders. Forty-five male bodybuilders were divided into three groups: bodybuilders using growth hormone for at least 1 year (i.e., 3 to 4 times in the year) (GH-user, n = 15), bodybuilders using insulin-like growth factor-1 for at least 1 year (i.e., 3 to 4 times in the year) (IGF-1-user, n = 15), and peptide hormone-free bodybuilders (Non-user, n = 15). The heavy resistance exercise protocol consisted of five sets with 80% of one repetition maximum for six exercises. Blood samples were obtained pre and post heavy resistance exercise (HRE) in order to evaluate changes in oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO)) and antioxidant biomarkers (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutamate (GLU)) level. All the experimental groups showed increases in MDA (p = 0.038), NO (p = 0.028), GPx (p = 0.012), and GLU (p = 0.003) concentrations after resistance exercise. For 8-OHdG, the Non-user and IGF-1-user groups indicated increases at post-exercise (p = 0.001), without any significant changes in the GH-user group (p = 0.87). In addition, the changes in serum GPx and GLU levels were greater for the GH-user group than the Non-user and IGF-1-user groups (p = 0.001). In conclusion, HRE induced significant increases in 8-OHdG (except to GH-user group), MDA, NO, GPx, and GLU levels with greater changes in GPx and GLU for the GH-user group.

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Are insulin-resistance and oxidative stress cause or consequence of aging

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/1535370220929621 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 245 (14) ◽

pp. 1260-1267

Author(s):

Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak ◽

Dorota Stołtny ◽

Alicja Brożek ◽

Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽

Ewa Wysocka

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽

Antioxidant Markers

Insulin resistance (IR) may be associated with oxidative stress and leads to cardiovascular disorders. Current research focuses on interplay between insulin-resistance indices and oxidant-antioxidant markers in elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, percentage of body fat (FAT)) and biochemical tests (glucose, lipids, serum insulin and plasma oxidant-antioxidant markers: Thiobarbituric Acid-Reacting Substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and total antioxidant status). Insulin resistance index (IR) assuming a cut-off point of 0.3 allows to divides groups into: insulin sensitive group (InsS) IR < 0,3 ( n = 35, median age 69.0 years) and insulin-resistant group (InsR) IR ≥ 0.3 ( n = 51, median age 71.0 years). Lipids and antioxidant defense system markers did not differentiate the investigated groups. In the InsR elderly group, the FAT was increased ( P < 0.000003) and TBARS ( P = 0.008) concentration decreased in comparison with InsS group. A positive correlation for SOD-1 and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05; r = 0.434) and a negative correlation for TBARS and age ( P < 0.05 with r = −0.421) were calculated in InsR individuals. In elderly individuals, oxidative stress persists irrespective of insulin-resistance status. We suggest that increased oxidative stress may be consequence of old age. An insulin action identifies those at high risk for atherosclerosis, via congruent associations with oxidative stress and extra- and intra-cellular antioxidant defense systems. Thus, we maintain that insulin-resistance is not the cause of aging. Impact statement Insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, little research has been performed examining elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. We demonstrate that antioxidant defense systems alone is not able to abrogate insulin action in elderly individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis, whereas the combined oxidant-antioxidant markers (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), and total antioxidant status (TAS)) might be more efficient and perhaps produce better clinical outcome. In fact, a decrease in oxidative stress and strong interaction between antioxidant defense can be seen only among insulin-resistant elderly individuals. This is, in our opinion, valuable information for clinicians, since insulin-resistance is considered strong cardiovascular risk factor.

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Karate Training Improves Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2020-0193 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Fabricio de Souza ◽

Luciano Acordi da Silva ◽

Gisele Santinoni Ferreira ◽

Márcia Mendonça Marcos de Souza ◽

Franciane Bobinski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Psychological Interventions ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Stress Markers

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Results: After the intervention period, the treatment group showed a reduction in resting heart rate (77.86 [10.89]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.86 [8.31]), and triglycerides (75.18 [32.29]) and an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.64 [42.53]) in relation to pretraining. Regarding oxidative stress markers, there was a reduction in protein carbonylation (0.07 [0.06]) and nitric oxide (1.39 [1.11]) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (0.68 [0.31]) and glutathione (0.11 [0.08]) compared with pretraining. With respect to inflammation, adiponectin increased (14.54 [5.36]) after the intervention when compared with preintervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention may improve cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Long-term effects need to be evaluated.

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Long-term Changes in the Central Amygdala Proteome in Rats with a History of Chronic Cocaine Self-administration

Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 443 ◽

pp. 93-109

Author(s):

Peter U. Hámor ◽

Mariola J. Edelmann ◽

Christina Gobin ◽

Marek Schwendt

Keyword(s):

Central Amygdala ◽

Self Administration ◽

Chronic Cocaine ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

History Of

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Melamine–cyanurate complexes and oxidative stress markers in trout kidney following melamine and cyanuric acid long-term co-exposure and withdrawal

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10695-014-9952-5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 1609-1619 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nicole Pacini ◽

Ambrosius Josef Martin Dörr ◽

Antonia Concetta Elia ◽

Melissa Scoparo ◽

Maria Cesarina Abete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cyanuric Acid ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Melamine Cyanurate ◽

Stress Markers ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Acylated Ghrelin and Circulatory Oxidative Stress Markers Responses to Acute Resistance and Aerobic Exercise in Postmenopausal Women

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2015-0413 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 632-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Randhall B. Carteri ◽

André Luis Lopes ◽

Cinthia M. Schöler ◽

Cleiton Silva Correa ◽

Rodrigo C. Macedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Acylated Ghrelin ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Background:Since exercise increases the production of reactive oxygen species in different tissues, the objective of this study is to evaluate, compare and correlate the acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in circulatory markers of oxidative stress and acylated ghrelin (AG) in postmenopausal women.Methods:Ten postmenopausal women completed different protocols: a control session (CON), an aerobic exercise session (AERO); and a single-set (SSR) or 3-set (MSR) resistance exercise protocol.Results:After exercise, both MSR (P = .06) and AERO (P = .02) sessions showed significant increased lipid peroxidation compared with baseline levels. CON and SSR sessions showed no differences after exercise. No differences were found between sessions at any time for total glutathione, glutathione dissulfide or AG concentrations.Conclusions:Exercise significantly increased lipid peroxidation compared with baseline values. As pro oxidant stimuli is necessary to promote chronic adaptations to the antioxidant defenses induced by exercise, our findings are important to consider when evaluating exercise programs prescription variables aiming quality of life in this population.

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Safety Assessment of Artemether/Lumefantrine/ Tinidazole on the Kidneys of Healthy and Diseased Mice

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2021/v11i430150 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 25-32

Author(s):

Elias Adikwu ◽

Udeme Owunari Georgewill

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Safety Assessment ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Kidney Weight ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Tubular Necrosis ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Control Body

Artemether/lumefantrine/tinidazole- (A/L/T) can be use for the treatment of malaria; therefore its safety assessment is imperative. This study assessed its safety on the kidneys of healthy and diseased mice. Fifty four Swiss albino mice were used for this study. Mice were diseased with Plasmodium berghei () and treated with T (28.6 mg/kg), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) and A/L/T for 4 days. Healthy mice were treated with T (28.6 mg/kg), A/L (2.3/13.7mg/kg) and A/L/T for 28 days. At the termination of treatment, the mice were weighed, sacrificed and blood samples were collected and examined for kidney biochemical markers. Kidneys were weighed and evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology. T, A/L and A/L/T had no significant (p>0.05) effects on all evaluated parameters in diseased mice when compared to control. Body weight was decreased whereas kidney weight was increased in healthy mice treated with T, (p<0.05), A/L (p<0.05) and A/L/T (p<0.01) when compared to control. Significantly elevated serum creatinine, urea, uric acid levels with significantly decreased albumin, and total protein levels occurred in healthy mice treated with T (p<0.05), A/L (p<0.01) and A/L/T (p<0.001) when compared to control. Altered kidney oxidative stress markers characterized by significantly decreased glutathione, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase levels with significantly increased malondialdehyde levels occurred in healthy mice treated with T (p<0.05), A/L (p<0.01) and A/L/T (p<0.001) when compared to control. A/L/T produced tubular necrosis and enlarged Bowman’s space in healthy mice. The use of A/L/T as an antimalarial drug may be safe on the kidney, but long term use may cause kidney damage.

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The anterior insular cortex in the rat exerts an inhibitory influence over the loss of control of heroin intake and subsequent propensity to relapse

10.1101/2020.05.28.120725 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dhaval D. Joshi ◽

Mickaël Puaud ◽

Maxime Fouyssac ◽

Aude Belin-Rauscent ◽

Barry Everitt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insular Cortex ◽

Drug Intake ◽

Inhibitory Influence ◽

Loss Of Control ◽

Self Administration ◽

Anterior Insular Cortex ◽

State Dependent ◽

Extended Access ◽

History Of

AbstractThe anterior insular cortex (AIC) has been implicated in addictive behaviour, including the loss of control over drug intake, craving and the propensity to relapse. Evidence suggests that the influence of the AIC on drug-related behaviours is complex since in rats exposed to extended access to cocaine self-administration, the AIC was shown to exert a state-dependent, bidirectional influence on the development and expression of loss of control over drug intake, facilitating the latter but impairing the former. However, it is unclear whether this influence of the AIC is confined to stimulant drugs that have marked peripheral sympathomimetic and anxiogenic effects or whether it extends to other addictive drugs, such as opiates, that lack overt acute aversive peripheral effects. Thus, we investigated in outbred rats the effects of bilateral excitotoxic lesions of AIC, induced both prior to or after long-term exposure to extended access heroin self-administration, on the development and maintenance of escalated heroin intake and the subsequent vulnerability to relapse following abstinence. Compared to sham-surgeries, pre-exposure AIC lesions had no effect on the development of loss of control over heroin intake, but lesions made after a history of escalated heroin intake potentiated escalation and also enhanced responding at relapse. These data show that the AIC inhibits or limits the loss of control over heroin intake and propensity to relapse, in marked contrast to its influence on the loss of control over cocaine intake.

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