scholarly journals Design Analysis of Hybrid Gas Turbine‒Fuel Cell Power Plant in Stationary and Marine Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kwaśniewski ◽  
Marian Piwowarski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Regenerative Heat ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Marine Applications

AbstractThe paper concerns the design analysis of a hybrid gas turbine power plant with a fuel cell (stack). The aim of this work was to find the most favourable variant of the medium capacity (approximately 10 MW) hybrid system. In the article, computational analysis of two variants of such a system was carried out. The analysis made it possible to calculate the capacity, efficiency of both variants and other parameters like the flue gas temperature. The paper shows that such hybrid cycles can theoretically achieve extremely high efficiency over 60%. The most favourable one was selected for further detailed thermodynamic and flow calculations. As part of this calculation, a multi-stage axial compressor, axial turbine, fuel cell (stack) and regenerative heat exchanger were designed. Then an analysis of the profitability of the installation was carried out, which showed that the current state of development of this technology and its cost make the project unprofitable. For several years, however, tendencies of decreasing prices of fuel cells have been observed, which allows the conclusion that hybrid systems will start to be created. This may apply to both stationary and marine applications. Hybrid solutions related to electrical power transmission, including fuel cells, are real and very promising for smaller car ferries and shorter ferry routes.

Dynamic Modeling on the Hybrid MCFC-Gas Turbine Bottoming Cycle

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Shilie Weng ◽  
Ming Su
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Micro Turbine

The intention of this paper is to present the dynamic models for the MCFC-gas turbine hybrid cycle. This paper analyzes the performance of various components in the hybrid power plant, such as compressor, turbine, recuperator, generator, fuel cell stack etc. The modular simulation models of these components are presented. Based on the dynamic simulation modeling principle, one bottoming hybrid MCFC-Micro turbine cycle was studied to carry out the simulation, the simulation result is reasonable.

Electricity Generation From Fuel Cell Waste Heat Using an Organic Rankine Cycle

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien Bronicki ◽  
Carl N. Nett ◽  
Josh Nordquist
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack

Fuel cells produce exhaust waste heat that can be harnessed to either meet local heating needs or produce additional electricity via an appropriately chosen bottoming cycle. Power production can often be more economically attractive than heating due to the much higher value of electricity than heat on an equivalent energy basis, especially given fuel cell incentives and subsidies that are based on the net electrical output of the (combined cycle) fuel cell power plant. In this paper we review the application of the Organic Rankin Cycle (ORC) for power production from fuel cell waste heat, with emphasis on the resulting improvements in overall power plant power output, efficiency, economics (e.g., cents/kWh maintenance costs), and emissions levels (e.g., lb/MWh emissions). We also highlight a much less obvious advantage of ORC bottoming of fuel cells; namely, its ability to partially compensate for fuel cell stack degradation over time, and corresponding potential to extend the time required between fuel cell stack overhauls. We will also review the relative difficulty of several well established commercial applications of the ORC for power production from waste heat — such as power production from gas turbine exhaust, etc. — in comparison to fuel cell applications. We conclude that not only is the ORC ideal for fuel cell bottoming, but also that fuel cells are a nearly ideal commercial application area for the ORC. In closing, we summarize a recently completed project believed to be the world’s first commercial application of ORC technology to a fuel cell power plant. This project was completed in less than a year after its initiation, and utilizes a single ORC in conjunction with five fuel cells, all located within a fuel cell park that produces nearly 15 MW of electricity.

Parametric Study of the Combined Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Power Plant

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Bhinder ◽  
Munzer S. Y. Ebaid ◽  
Moh’d Yazid F. Mustafa ◽  
Raj K. Calay ◽  
Mohammed H. Kailani
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electrical Power Generation ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

Large scale electrical power generation faces two serious problems: (i) energy conservation; and (ii) protection of the environment. High temperatures fuel cells have the potential to deal with both problems. The heat rejected by the fuel cell that would otherwise be wasted may be recovered to power a gas turbine in order to improve the energy conversion efficiency as well as power output of the combined fuel cell-gas turbine power plant. The added advantage of this approach would be to reduce thermal loading and the emission of greenhouse gases per MW electrical power generated. Serious research is being carried out worldwide to commercialise the fuel cell nevertheless there is still ample scope for studying the application of high temperature fuel cells in combination with the gas turbine for large scale electrical power generation. This paper presents the results of a parametric study of the fuel cell-gas turbine power plant to generate electricity. The paper should be of considerable interest to the designers and applications engineers working in power generation industry and other public utilities. The authors hope that the paper would lead to a stimulating discussion.

scholarly journals Exergy analysis of combined cycle of gas turbine and solid oxide fuel cell in different compression ratios

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Esmaeel Fatahian ◽  
Navid Tonekaboni ◽  
Hossein Fatahian
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Due to the growing trend of energy consumption in the world uses of methods and new energy production systems with high efficiency and low emissions have been prioritized. Today, with the development of different systems of energy production, different techniques such as the use of solar energy, wind energy, fuel cells, micro turbines and diesel generators in cogeneration have been considered, each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Having a reliable energy generation system, inexpensive and availability the use of fuel cells as a major candidate has been introduced. Fuel cells converting chemical energy to electrical energy that today are one as a new technology in energy production are considered. In this paper fuel cell compression ratios 4, 4.1 and 4.2 at an ambient temperature of 298 K have been simulated and ultimately optimum ratio 4.1 for modeling has been selected. All components of cycle, including the stack of fuel cell, combustion chamber, air compressors, recuperator and gas turbine was evaluated from the viewpoint of exergy and exergy destruction rate was calculated by EES software.

Operation of Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) Using Syngas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph McInerney ◽  
Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh ◽  
Robert Sanderson ◽  
Jennifer Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cell System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Internal Reforming

High temperature fuel cells, such as Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC), are prime candidates for power generation using natural gas. Currently MCFC-based products are available for on-site power generation using natural gas and methane-rich biogas. These systems use the most advanced stack configuration utilizing internal reforming of methane. The in-situ reforming within the fuel cell anode provides many operational benefits including stack cooling at high current densities. Syngas from a variety of sources such as coal, biomass and renewables are anticipated to play a key role in the future landscape of power generation. MCFC is capable of utilizing syngss to produce electric power at a very high efficiency. However, because of the differences in the gas compositions between natural-gas and syngas, the fuel cell stack and system designs need to be modified for syngas fuels. The purpose of this study is to develop the design modifications at both the stack and system level needed for operation of internal reforming MCFC using low-methane content syngas without major design changes from the commercial product design. The net outcome of the investigation is a fuel cell system which meets the goals of being able to operate on low methane syngas within thermo-mechanical requirements of the fuel cell stack components. In this paper, we will describe the approach for modification of MCFC design and operating parameters for operation under syngas using both system level modeling and stack level mathematical modeling.

Comparison Between MCFC/Gas Turbine and MCFC/Steam Turbine Combined Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Bove ◽  
Piero Lunghi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Worldwide, the main power source to produce electric energy is represented by fossil fuels, principally used at the present time in large combustion power plants. The main environmental impacts of fossil fuel-fired power plants are the use of non-renewable resources and pollutants emissions. An improvement in electric efficiency would yield a reduction in emissions and resources depletion. In fact, if efficiency is raised, in order to produce an amount unit of electric energy, less fuel is required and consequently less pollutants are released. Moreover, higher efficiency leads to economic savings in operating costs. A generally accepted way of improving efficiency is to combine power plants’ cycles. If one of the combined plants is represented by a fuel cell, both thermodynamic efficiency and emissions level are improved. Fuel cells, in fact, are ultra-clean high efficiency energy conversion devices because no combustion occurs in energy production, but only electrochemical reactions and consequently no NOx and CO are produced inside the cell. Moreover, the final product of the reaction is water that can be released into the atmosphere without particular problems. Second generation fuel cells (Solid Oxide FC and Molten Carbonate FC) are particularly suitable for combining cycles, due to their high operating temperature. In previous works, the authors had analyzed the possibility of combining Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) plant with a Gas Turbine and then a MCFC with a Steam Turbine Plant. Results obtained show that both these configurations allow to obtain high conversion efficiencies and reduced emissions. In the present work, a comparison between MCFC-Gas Turbine and MCFC-Steam Turbine is conducted in order to evaluate the main advantages and disadvantages in adopting one solution instead of the other one.

scholarly journals Developmental Status of Hybrids

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie Layne ◽  
Scott Samuelsen ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Patricia Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Generation Technology

Fuel cells are emerging as a major new power generation technology that is particularly suitable for distributed power generation, high-efficiency, and low pollutant emission. An interesting combined cycle, the “HYBRID,” has recently been scoped “on paper” that portends the potential of ultra-high efficiency (approaching 80%) in which a gas turbine is synergistically combined with a fuel cell into a unique combined cycle. This paper introduces hybrid technology to the gas turbine community as a whole, and summarizes the current and projected activities associated with this emerging concept.

The Operating Experience of the Next Generation M501G/M701G Gas Turbine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tsukuda ◽  
E. Akita ◽  
H. Arimura ◽  
Y. Tomita ◽  
M. Kuwabara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant

The combined cycle power plant is recognized as one of the best thermal power plant for its high efficiency and cleanliness. As the main component of the combined cycle power plant, the gas turbine is the key for improvement of the combined cycle power plant. The next generation G class gas turbine, with turbine inlet gas temperature in 1,500°C range has been developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI). Many advanced technologies; a high efficiency compressor, a steam cooled low NOx combustor, a high temperature and high efficiency turbine, etc., are employed to achieve high combined cycle performance. Actually, MHI has been accumulating the operating experiences of M501G (60Hz machine) a combined cycle verification plant in MHI Takasago, Japan, and achieving the high performance and reliability. Also, M701G (50Hz machine) has been accumulating the operating experience in Higashi Niigata Thermal Power Station of Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. in Japan. This paper describes the technical features of M501G/M701G, and up-to-date operating status of the combined cycle power plant in MHI Takasago, Japan.

Near-Zero CO2 Emissions Power Plant Based on High Temperature Fuel Cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Carapellucci ◽  
Roberto Cipollone ◽  
Davide Di Battista
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems

Abstract The recent awareness on the environmental issues related to global warming is leading to the search for always more efficient energy conversion systems and, mainly, with very low carbon dioxide emissions. In fact, they are strictly related to the combustion reaction of fossil fuels which is the main process of the actual power generation technology. In this regard, fuel cells are energy conversion systems which are characterized by higher efficiency and near-zero CO2 emissions. Their novel integration with conventional power plants participates to the concept of the decarbonization of the economy. In this work, the integration of two high temperature fuel cells (HTFC) with a gas turbine power plant has been proposed and investigated, thanks to the combination of a physical model of the fuel cells and a numerical one of the components involved in the gas turbine cycle. In the layout studied, fresh air is compressed, pre-heated and used in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), where the high operating temperature and the exothermic process give exhaust gases at very high temperatures, suitable for an expansion in a turbine. After the expansion, the gases are rich of CO2 and, so, they can be sent to the cathode side of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC). Hence, the so-defined integrated plant is composed by three power units: a turbine, a SOFC and a MCFC; operating pressure, fuel need, oxygen and carbon dioxide utilizations in the fuel cells are parameterized in order to optimize the whole plant and find additional room of energy exploitation. Moreover, the MCFC acts as an active device for carbon separation, introducing further environmental benefits.

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