scholarly journals Heterogeneity of uroplakin localization in human normal urothelium, papilloma and papillary carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasa Zupancic ◽  
Rok Romih
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Apical Plasma Membrane ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Tumour Resection ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Normal Urothelium

Abstract Background. Uroplakins are differentiation-related membrane proteins of urothelium. We compared uroplakin expression and ultrastructural localization in human normal urothelium, papilloma and papillary carcinoma. Because of high recurrence rate of these tumours, treated by transurethral resection, we investigated urothelial tumour, resection border and uninvolved urothelium. Patients and methods. Urinary bladder samples were obtained from tumour free control subjects and patients with papilloma and papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron labelling of uroplakins were performed. Results. In normal human urothelium with continuous uroplakin-positive superficial cell layer uroplakins were localized to flattened mature fusiform vesicles and apical plasma membrane of umbrella cells. Diverse uroplakin expression was found in papilloma and papillary carcinoma. Three aberrant differentiation stages of urothelial cells, not found in normal urothelium, were recognized in tumours. Diverse uroplakin expression and aberrant differentiation were occasionally found in resection border and in uninvolved urothelium. Conclusions. We demonstrated here that uroplakin expression and localization in urothelial tumours is altered when compared to normal urothelium. In patients with papilloma and papillary carcinoma immunolabelling of uroplakins at ultrastructural level shows aberrant urothelial differentiation. It is possible that aberrant differentiation stages of urothelial cells in resection border and in uninvolved urothelium contribute to high recurrence rate.

scholarly journals ULTRASTRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IN HUMAN TERM PLACENTA

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 862-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. DRESKIN ◽  
S. S. SPICER ◽  
W. B. GREENE
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Dense Granule ◽  
Apical Plasma Membrane ◽  
Small Variety ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
And Control

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was localized in human placenta at the ultrastructural level by an immunocytochemical method which linked the antigen HCG to a peroxidase label through the antigen-antibody reactions of an immunoglobulin-peroxidase bridge. Material on the maternal surface of the apical plasma membrane and in the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum of the syncytiotrophoblast displayed strong immunostaining for HCG and the outer surface of the basal plasma membrane appeared equivocally immunoreactive. Lamellae and vesicles of the Golgi complex of the syncytium lacked electron-opaque reaction product indicative of immunostaining for HCG. Deposits of peroxidase reaction product in the large variety of cytoplasmic dense granule varied from negligible to abundant in immunostained and in control specimens alike and, accordingly, the large granules appeared to contain intrinsic peroxidase but not HCG. The question of the immunoreactivity of the small variety of cytoplasmic dense granule was not conclusively settled, but the occurrence of reactive and unreactive small granules in both immunostained and control specimens weighed against the presence of HCG in these rather infrequent granules. The cytotrophoblast lacked evidence of immunoreactivity.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural localization of gamma-chain and immunoglobulin G in human lymphocytes using enzyme-labeled Fab fragment.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
C T Lin ◽  
J P Chang ◽  
J P Chen
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Lymphocytes ◽  
Normal Human

By the use of rabbit antibodies against the heavy chain of human immunoglobulin G (IgG), the gamma-chain and IgG molecules were successfully localized at the ultrastructural level in human peripheral lymphocytes. The rabbit Fab fragment was coupled to horseradish peroxidase by means of glutaraldehyde and the resulting conjugate could penetrate the intact plasma membrane. Discernible reaction product was observed in cisternae of the nuclear envelope, rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus as well as on the surface of the lymphocytes. In normal human individuals under no specific antigenic stimulation, only a few peripheral lymphocytes showed a rare positive intractoplasmic reaction. Reaction product may represent either the whole IgG molecule, the half molecule consisting of one heavy and one light chain or nascent gamma-chain.

Ultrastructural Localization of Antigens by Capillary Action Immunocytochemistry

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Rabbit Igg

Light microscopic immunohistochemistry based on the principle of capillary action staining is a widely used method to localize antigens. Capillary action immunostaining, however, has not been tested or applied to detect antigens at the ultrastructural level. The aim of this work was to establish a capillary action staining method for localization of intracellular antigens, using colloidal gold probes.Post-embedding capillary action immunocytochemistry was used to detect maternal IgG in the small intestine of newborn suckling piglets. Pieces of the jejunum of newborn piglets suckled for 12 h were fixed and embedded into LR White resin. Sections on nickel grids were secured on a capillary action glass slide (100 μm wide capillary gap, Bio-Tek Solutions, Santa Barbara CA, distributed by CMS, Houston, TX) by double sided adhesive tape. Immunolabeling was performed by applying reagents over the grids using capillary action and removing reagents by blotting on filter paper. Reagents for capillary action staining were from Biomeda (Foster City, CA). The following steps were performed: 1) wet the surface of the sections with automation buffer twice, 5 min each; 2) block non-specific binding sites with tissue conditioner, 10 min; 3) apply first antibody (affinity-purified rabbit anti-porcine IgG, Sigma Chem. Co., St. Louis, MO), diluted in probe diluent, 1 hour; 4) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 5) apply gold probe (goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to 10 nm colloidal gold, Zymed Laboratories, South San Francisco, CA) diluted in probe diluent, 30 min; 6) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 7) post-fix with 5% glutaraldehyde in PBS for 10 min; 8) wash with PBS twice, 5 min each; 9) contrast with 1% OSO4 in PBS for 15 min; 10) wash with PBS followed by distilled water for5 min each; 11) stain with 2% uranyl acetate for 10 min; 12) stain with lead citrate for 2 min; 13) wash with distilled water three times, 1 min each. The glass slides were separated, and the grids were air-dried, then removed from the adhesive tape. The following controls were used to ensure the specificity of labeling: i) omission of the first antibody; ii) normal rabbit IgG in lieu of first antibody; iii) rabbit anti-porcine IgG absorbed with porcine IgG.

Modern molecular and biological aspects of endometriosis-associated infertility

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Anastasiia S Safronova ◽  
Mikhail Yu Vysokikh ◽  
Vladimir D Chuprynin ◽  
Natalia A Buralkina
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
New Strategies

There is currently no consensus on the etiopathogenetic nature of endometriosis. The causes of aggressive, progressive, infiltrative growth of endometrioid tissue also remain unclear. An important problem remains the high recurrence rate of endometriosis, despite the availability of modern drug and surgical methods of treatment. The study of the central signaling pathways and the search for new key molecules is of paramount importance for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, and is also an important step in the development of new strategies for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of endometriosis.

scholarly journals Retrospective Evaluation of Claw Lesions, Inflammatory Markers, and Outcome After Abomasal Rolling in Cattle with Left Displacement of the Abomasum

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1648
Author(s):  
Theresa Tschoner ◽  
Yury Zablotski ◽  
Melanie Feist
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Temporary Relief ◽  
Claw Lesions

Lameness is often diagnosed in cattle with left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Laterality of lying has an effect on the etiology of LDA, and lame cows prefer to lie on the affected limb. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between laterality of claw lesion and presence of LDA. The medical records of 252 cattle presented with a diagnosis of LDA and subjected to a diagnostic examination of claw lesions over a period of 11 years (2009–2019), were analyzed retrospectively. Data were evaluated for presence and localization of claw lesion, concentrations of inflammatory markers, and abomasal rolling as therapy. At least one claw lesion was diagnosed in 46.4% of cattle. There was no association between laterality of claw lesion and LDA. Presence of claw lesion or oral drench and/or analgesic treatment did not have an effect on occurrence of relapse. A high number of cattle was diagnosed with both LDA and claw lesions. Focus should lie on preventing painful claw lesions in the dry and the early post-partum period. The high recurrence rate after abomasal rolling suggests that abomasal rolling should only be considered as a therapy for temporary relief, and surgical procedures should be discussed with farmers.

High recurrence rate after posterior component separation and keyhole mesh reconstruction for complex parastomal hernia: a case series study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Robin Valle de Lersundi ◽  
Niccolo Ruppealta ◽  
Carlos San Miguel Mendez ◽  
Joaquin Muñoz Rodriguez ◽  
Marina Pérez Flecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Parastomal Hernia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Component Separation ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Posterior Component Separation ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Mesh Reconstruction ◽  
Series Study

Abstract 2068: Systematic Undersized Rigid Ring Decreases Recurrence Rate Following Repair of Ischemic Mitral Valve

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Fontaine ◽  
Denis Bouchard ◽  
Philippe Demers ◽  
Raymond Cartier ◽  
Michel Carrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Rigid Ring

Introduction: Chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) has been associated with poor long-term survival. Suboptimal midterm results have been a growing concern in the surgical community. In recent years, our approach to repair those valves has evolved to a standardized technique using complete, rigid and small annuloplasty rings. This study aims to compare this systematic approach with our prior experience from 1996 –2001 where recurrent MR rate was high. Methods: 129 patients underwent repair for pure ischemic mitral valve regurgitation between 2002 and 2005 at our institution. Of these patients, 99 had clinical and echographic follow-up. These patients were compared to the 1996 –2001 cohort of 73 patients. Results: Preoperatively, 84% of patients were in NYHA class III or IV, 17% had moderate MR, 83% had moderate-severe to severe MR. Sixteen were redo operations, mostly of previous CABG. All patients except one were treated with a complete rigid ring (Annuloflo 46.5%, Physioring 34.9%, Etlogix 13.9%, others 3.8%). Ring size was: 24 (0.8%); 26 (55.8%); 28 (38%); or 30 (4.5%). Mortality was 8.5% at 30 days, 14.7% at 1 year and 17.8% at 2 years. Immediate postoperative regurgitation was absent or trace in all patients. Freedom from reoperation was 97%. Mean postoperative NYHA class was 1.15 at a mean follow-up of 28 months. Recurrent moderate mitral regurgitation (2+) was 15.34%, severe mitral regurgitation (3+ to 4+) was 13.4% at a mean follow-up of 16 months. In the 73 patients from the period 1996 –2001 at the same echo follow-up time, the moderate and severe recurrence were: 37% and 21%. The decrease in the recurrence rate was highly significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: A more standardized approach to ischemic mitral valve repair has improved the high recurrence rate previously reported by our group. Long-term follow-up is necessary to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Anesthetic Considerations in a Case With Massive Recurrent Clivus Chordoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
Pardis Soltanpoor ◽  
Faranak Behnaz ◽  
Hamidreza Azizi Faresani ◽  
Afsoun Seddighi ◽  
Maede Karimian
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clival Chordoma ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Clivus Chordoma ◽  
Anesthetic Considerations ◽  
Slow Growing

Chordomas rare low grade slow-growing malignant tumors with an incidence rate of 1 in 100000 individuals.32% of chordomas occur in the clivus. Diagnosing Clival chordomas could be challenging due to their rare prevalence, insidious onset, and tendency to involve anywhere throughout the craniospinal column. Treating these tumors can also present as a challenge due to their proximity to vital structures and high recurrence rate. We present a case of massive recurrent Clival chordoma in a 27-year-old patient and discuss the anesthetic considerations in such cases.

scholarly journals Pleurodesis methods in the surgical treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Wedge Resection ◽  
Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Parietal Pleura ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Pneumothorax is the collection of air in the pleural space. Pneumothorax can be spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax mostly occurs in healthy individuals without an apparent cause, probably due to the rupture of subpleural emphysematous bullae located on the apex of the lung. It usually occurs in tall and healthy males younger than 40 years old. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax has a recurrence rate of 20-30% after the first attack, 50% after the second attack, and 80% after the third attack. Surgery is presented as a treatment option to reduce the high recurrence rate after the second attack. It has been reported that recurrence is between 10 and 20% in patients who undergo bullectomy or wedge resection with endoscopic steps alone. Therefore, various pleural pleurodesis methods are applied in addition to bulla resection in order to reduce the recurrence rate after surgery. In mechanical pleurodesis, adhesion between visceral and parietal pleura is achieved by mechanical abrasion of the parietal pleura or by total or partial removal of the parietal pleura. In chemical pleurodesis, the visceral pleura is adhered to the parietal pleura by creating irritation in the pleura with chemical agents. In cases where pleurodesis was added, the recurrence rate was reported to be between 1.7 and 2.8%. Whether the pleurectomy, pleural mechanical or chemical abrasion methods performed with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is superior for preventing recurrence is still a matter of debate. In this article, we aimed to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pleurodesis methods in the surgical treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in the light of the literature.

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