New approach to regeneration of an ionic liquid containing solvent by molecular distillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Blahušiak ◽  
Štefan Schlosser ◽  
Ján Cvengroš ◽  
Ján Marták
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Molecular Distillation ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Alkali Solution ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Process ◽  
Volatile Organic

AbstractA promising new process for the regeneration of solvents with ionic liquid by molecular distillation has been proposed. The main advantage of this process compared with the classic stripping of acids with alkali solution is that the volatile organic acid is recovered with a yield of about 88 % in the form of free acid, not as its salt. Furthermore, improvement on the yield of the stripping can be assumed. The consumption of chemicals in stripping by molecular distillation is reduced.

scholarly journals Temperature and volatile organic compound concentrations as controlling factors for chemical composition of <i>α</i>-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 11545-11562
Author(s):  
Louise N. Jensen ◽  
Manjula R. Canagaratna ◽  
Kasper Kristensen ◽  
Lauriane L. J. Quéléver ◽  
Bernadette Rosati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Oxidation Level ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. This work investigates the individual and combined effects of temperature and volatile organic compound precursor concentrations on the chemical composition of particles formed in the dark ozonolysis of α-pinene. All experiments were conducted in a 5 m3 Teflon chamber at an initial ozone concentration of 100 ppb and initial α-pinene concentrations of 10 and 50 ppb, respectively; at constant temperatures of 20, 0, or −15 ∘C; and at changing temperatures (ramps) from −15 to 20 and from 20 to −15 ∘C. The chemical composition of the particles was probed using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). A four-factor solution of a positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of the combined HR-ToF-AMS data is presented. The PMF analysis and the elemental composition analysis of individual experiments show that secondary organic aerosol particles with the highest oxidation level are formed from the lowest initial α-pinene concentration (10 ppb) and at the highest temperature (20 ∘C). A higher initial α-pinene concentration (50 ppb) and/or lower temperature (0 or −15 ∘C) results in a lower oxidation level of the molecules contained in the particles. With respect to the carbon oxidation state, particles formed at 0 ∘C are more comparable to particles formed at −15 ∘C than to those formed at 20 ∘C. A remarkable observation is that changes in temperature during particle formation result in only minor changes in the elemental composition of the particles. Thus, the temperature at which aerosol particle formation is induced seems to be a critical parameter for the particle elemental composition. Comparison of the HR-ToF-AMS-derived estimates of the content of organic acids in the particles based on m/z 44 in the mass spectra show good agreement with results from off-line molecular analysis of particle filter samples collected from the same experiments. Higher temperatures are associated with a decrease in the absolute mass concentrations of organic acids (R-COOH) and organic acid functionalities (-COOH), while the organic acid functionalities account for an increasing fraction of the measured particle mass.

Concentration control of volatile organic compounds by ionic liquid absorption and desorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2383-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Ma ◽  
Minyan Wu ◽  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Jinxing Huang ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Liquid Absorption ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Molecular-level electrochemical doping for fine discrimination of volatile organic compounds in organic chemiresistors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 16884-16891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooncheol Kwon ◽  
Yusin Pak ◽  
Bongseong Kim ◽  
Byoungwook Park ◽  
Jehan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Ppm Level ◽  
State Ionic

A blend of π-CPs and a solid-state ionic liquid provides an enlarged interfacial area at the molecular scale, thereby enabling two-terminal organic chemiresistors (TOCs) with fine discriminatory abilities for sub-ppm-level VOCs at room temperature.

scholarly journals Inhomogeneous spatial point processes by location-dependent scaling

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 319-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Hahn ◽  
Eva B. Vedel Jensen ◽  
Marie-Colette van Lieshout ◽  
Linda Stougaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Point Processes ◽  
Spatial Point Processes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Local Scaling ◽  
New Class ◽  
Spatial Point ◽  
New Process ◽  
Markov Point Processes ◽  
Global Scaling ◽  
Definition Of

A new class of models for inhomogeneous spatial point processes is introduced. These locally scaled point processes are modifications of homogeneous template point processes, having the property that regions with different intensities differ only by a scale factor. This is achieved by replacing volume measures used in the density with locally scaled analogues defined by a location-dependent scaling function. The new approach is particularly appealing for modelling inhomogeneous Markov point processes. Distance-interaction and shot noise weighted Markov point processes are discussed in detail. It is shown that the locally scaled versions are again Markov and that locally the Papangelou conditional intensity of the new process behaves like that of a global scaling of the homogeneous process. Approximations are suggested that simplify calculation of the density, for example, in simulation. For sequential point processes, an alternative and simpler definition of local scaling is proposed.

scholarly journals A new approach to silicon rhodamines by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling – scope and limitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 2569-2576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thines Kanagasundaram ◽  
Antje Timmermann ◽  
Carsten S Kramer ◽  
Klaus Kopka
Keyword(s):  
Free Acid ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Stimulated Emission ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cross Coupling Reaction ◽  
Optimal Coupling ◽  
Sensor Molecules ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Coupling Partner

Background: Silicon rhodamines are of particular interest because of their advantageous dye properties (fluorescence- and biostability, quantum efficiency, tolerance to photobleaching). Therefore, silicon rhodamines find frequent application in STED (stimulated emission depletion) microscopy, as sensor molecules for, e.g., ions and as fluorophores for the optical imaging of tumors. Different strategies were already employed for their synthesis. Because of just three known literature examples in which Suzuki–Miyaura cross couplings gave access to silicon rhodamines in poor to moderate yields, we wanted to improve these first valuable experimental results. Results: The preparation of the xanthene triflate was enhanced and several boron sources were screened to find the optimal coupling partner. After optimization of the palladium catalyst, different substituted boroxines were assessed to explore the scope of the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. Conclusions: A number of silicon rhodamines were synthesized under the optimized conditions in up to 91% yield without the necessity of HPLC purification. Moreover, silicon rhodamines functionalized with free acid moieties are directly accessible in contrast to previously described methods.

Use of External Radical Sources in Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis to Facilitate Cyclodehydrogenation Reactions in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Amick ◽  
Sara E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
New Process ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

A new process to facilitate the cyclodehydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) using an external radical source is described. Using hexanes as an external radical source the conversion of various PAHs to their cyclodehydrogenated products is vastly increased. Various other volatile organic compounds were also examined to determine their ability to act as external radical sources in FVP.

Ionic liquid technology to recover volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

2017 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 484-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Salar-García ◽  
V.M. Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
F.J. Hernández-Fernández ◽  
A.P. de los Ríos ◽  
J. Quesada-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic

Multi-channel silicone rubber traps as denuders for gas–particle partitioning of aerosols from semi-volatile organic compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesta Kohlmeier ◽  
George C. Dragan ◽  
Erwin W. Karg ◽  
Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis ◽  
Dietmar Breuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Volatile Organic

Multi-channel silicone rubber traps represent a new approach towards gas–particle partitioning of aerosols from semi-volatile organic compounds.

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