Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Lavandula stoechas aqueous extracts

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tülay Çelik ◽  
Özlem Aslantürk
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Ph

AbstractLavandula genus is an important member of Labiatae (Lamiaceae) family. People use commonly Lavandula stoechas as a medicinal plant for various diseases around the world and also in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts (40, 80 and 120 g/L) from L. stoechas flowers on Allium cepa root tip meristem cells. For this purpose, A. cepa onion bulbs were treated with the above-mentioned L. stoechas flower extracts for 72 h. Spring water (pH 7.3) was used as a control. The result of this study sowed that aqueous extracts reduced mitotic index, but induced chromosome aberrations and mitotic aberrations in comparison with control, significantly (p < 0.05). Aqueous extracts induced breaks, stickiness, pole deviations and micronuclei. Furthermore, these effects were related to extract concentrations. These results showed that L. stoechas aqueous extracts have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.

Extracts affecting mitotic division in root-tip meristematic cells

Biologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greice Lubini ◽  
Juliana Fachinetto ◽  
Haywood Laughinghouse ◽  
Juçara Paranhos ◽  
Antonio Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Ethanol Acetic Acid ◽  
Allium Cepa L

AbstractSome species of Psychotria (Rubiaceae) are important in herbal medicine, where their extracts are used internally for infections of the female reproductive system, bronchitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin irritations, tumors, ulcers, and eye disturbances. The antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of Psychotria myriantha Mull. Arg. and P. leiocarpa Cham. et Schlecht infusions on the Allium cepa L. cell cycle were evaluated. The teas were prepared by infusing the leaves in distilled water, in two concentrations: 1.13 mg/mL and 6.78 mg/mL. Three groups of four bulbs were used for each Psychotria species. After the bulbs rooted in distilled water, they were transferred to the teas for 24 hours, except for the control that stayed in water. The rootlets were then collected, fixed in ethanol-acetic acid (3:1) for 24 hours, and stored in 70% ethanol. For each group of bulbs, 4000 cells were analyzed, calculating the mitotic indexes, submitting them to statistic analysis, using the χ 2 test (p = 0.05). The results showed a decrease in mitotic index with an increase in tea concentration in both species. In P. leiocarpa, the mitotic index values differed significantly between the control and concentration of 6.78 mg/mL (χ 2 = 9.863). For P. myriantha, the values referring to the mitotic index differed greatly between the control and the treatments (χ 2 = 124.8). With this study, it was determined that P. myriantha and P. leiocarpa infusions possess antiproliferative effects on the A. cepa cell cycle, and teas of P. myriantha also have genotoxic activity.

Anti-mitotic and anti-genotoxic effects of Plantago lanceolata aqueous extract on Allium cepa root tip meristem cells

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tülay Aşkin Çelik ◽  
Özlem Aslantürk
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
Onion Bulbs

AbstractPlantago is the most important genus of Plantaginaceae family and is used in traditional medicine around the world for different purposes. Plantago coronopus L., Plantago major L., Plantago media L. and Plantago lanceolata L. are most commonly used species of Plantago in traditional medicine in Turkey. The main goal of this study was to investigate the eventual anti-mitotic and anti-genotoxic effects of P. lanceolata L. leaf aqueous extracts (15 g/L and 30 g/L) on Allium cepa L. root tip meristem cells which were treated with 0.7% hydrogen peroxide. For this purpose, two different experiments were performed under the same conditions. In the first experiment, Allium cepa onion bulbs were treated with 0.7% H2O2 for 1 h. After the H2O2 treatment, the onion bulbs were treated with two different concentrations (15 g/L and 30 g/L) of P. lanceolata extracts for 24 h. In the second experiment, A. cepa onion bulbs were treated with two different extract concentrations (15 g/L and 30 g/L) for 24 h and then with 0.7% H2O2 for 1 h. The test concentrations were determined according to doses which are recommended in alternative medicinal usage by people. As positive and negative control 0.7% H2O2 and tap water was used, respectively. As a result, it was determined that aqueous extracts reduced mitotic index and chromosome aberrations in treatment groups in comparison with controls. These results showed that P. lanceolata aqueous extracts have anti-mitotic and anti-genotoxic effects.

GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF THE PESTICIDE MIXTURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Ilyushina ◽  
Yu. A. Revazova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Literature Information ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Pesticide Mixtures ◽  
The World ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Genetic Structures ◽  
Active Substances

In order to overcome resistance to individual pesticides and improve their effectiveness, formulations containing two or more active substances are constantly being developed and put on the market over recent years. Mixtures of residual amounts of pesticides can be present in water and food and enter the human and animal bodies. However, the combined effect of pesticides on living organisms, including genetic structures in cells, has not been studied enough and it is not yet possible to predict the genotoxic effects of their mixtures based on available data. The purpose of this review was to collect and summarize literature information on the genotoxicity of pesticide combinations obtained at different objects. The results of studies conducted in different countries of the world are discussed, examples of detected synergistic, additive and antagonistic effects are given, indicating the need for testing the genotoxicity of preparative forms of pesticides containing several active substances, as well as mixtures of jointly used pesticides in order to ensure the safe use of pesticides for public health.

Nigella Sativa: An immunity booster as pandemic treatment solution against SARS-CoV-2

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afzal Hussain ◽  
Ashfaq Hussain ◽  
Chandan Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Immune Booster

: Nigella sativa (Family Ranunculaceae) is a common medicinal plant all across the world. It is quite popular in different traditional medicinal systems such as Unani, Ayurveda, Tibb, and Siddha. Oil and Seeds have a long tradition of folk medicine utilized in different medicinal systems and food. The seeds of N. Sativa have indeed been widely applied in the treatment of many diseases, ailments, and also the immune booster. Our goal primarily concentrated on the therapeutic efficacy of Nigella sativa in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tiny Sips and Walmart—A Dream or a Curse?

2021 ◽  
pp. 251512742199252
Author(s):  
Robert A. Boyle ◽  
Jerome A. Katz ◽  
Patricia G. Bagsby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Product ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Business Acumen

For entrepreneurs, being offered a distribution deal by Walmart seems like a dream come true. After all, what better way to have a new product quickly appear in thousands of stores all around the United States or maybe even all around the world? This dream became a reality for Marty, the creator of Tiny Sips—a simple, wholesome children’s beverage made from Montana spring water and all-natural ingredients. As the details and conditions related to the distribution deal became apparent, however, Marty soon understood that doing business at that level requires sophisticated entrepreneurial savvy and a great deal of capital. The joy of possibly selling Tiny Sips everywhere suddenly became eclipsed by questions about how to raise enough cash to scale quickly while simultaneously minimizing risk. Marty needed to employ the business acumen necessary to slow down, consider the pros and cons, and make the best decision for his company. The educational focus of this case involves weighing the entrepreneurial risks and rewards of pursuing a deal with a large retailer like Walmart. While this type of opportunity may seem exciting at first glance, a variety of factors must be considered in order to find a thoughtful and sensible path forward.

scholarly journals Cytogenotoxicity of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf (lemon grass) aqueous extracts in vegetal test systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo M. Sousa ◽  
Pâmela S. Silva ◽  
Lyderson F. Viccini
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Poaceae Family

The lemon grass, Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf, is an important species of Poaceae family commonly used in the folk medicine in many countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extracts from C. citratus leaves on Lactuca sativa (lettuce) root tip meristem cells by cytogenetic studies that have never been done before for lemon grass extracts. For this, lettuce seeds were treated for 72h with different concentrations of lemon grass aqueous extracts (5; 10; 20 and 30 mg/mL). The percentage of germination, root development and cellular behavior were analyzed, and the results showed that the highest concentration of aqueous extracts reduced the mitotic index, the seed germination and the root development of lettuce. The extracts have also induced chromosome aberrations and cellular death in the roots cells of L. sativa.

scholarly journals Geographical variability of bacterial communities of cryoconite holes of Andean glaciers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Pittino ◽  
Michael Seeger ◽  
Roberto Azzoni ◽  
Roberto Ambrosini ◽  
Andrea Franzetti
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Andean Glaciers

AbstractCryoconite holes, ponds full of melting water with a sediment on the bottom, are hotspot of biodiversity of glacier surface. They host a metabolically active bacterial community that is involved in different dynamics concerning glacier ecosystems. Indeed, they are responsible of organic matter production and with other microorganisms establish a real microecosystem. Cryoconite holes have been described in different areas of the world (e.g., Arctic, Antarctic, Alps, Himalaya), and with this study we will provide the first description of bacterial communities of cryoconite holes of the Andes in South America. We collected samples on three high elevation glaciers of the Andes (Iver, Iver East and Morado glaciers) and two Patagonian glaciers located at sea level (Exploradores glacier and Perito Moreno). Results show that the most abundant orders are Burkholderiales, Cytophagales, Sphingobacteriales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, Rhodospiarillales, Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales and Bacteroidales, which have been reported on glaciers of other areas of the world, Bacterial communities change from one glacier to another and both water pH and O2 concentration affect bacterial communities composition.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Genotoxicity Enhancement of the Antileukemic Drug 6-Mercaptopurin When Combined With Iraqi Nerium oleander and Narcissus tazetta Extracts in vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Bushra M. Mohammed ◽  
Mahmood Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Ring Chromosome ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Narcissus Tazetta ◽  
Chromatid Break ◽  
Antimitotic Activity

The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity of the aqueous extracts of Nerium oleander leaves and Narcissus tazetta bulbs each alone and together with the antileukemic drug 6-Mercaptopurin (6MP) in order to investigate the extracts ability to elevate the chemotherapeutic drug genotoxicity which may influence its treatment of cancer.  The cytotoxicity test shows that the LD50 of the aqueous extract of Narcissus tazetta was 752.083 mg/kg and for Nerium oleander was 922.023 mg/kg. On the basis of the achieved LD50 values, the doses  92, 46 ,23 mg/kg of Nerium oleander and the doses  75, 37,18 mg/kg of Narcissus tazetta extracts were chosen, depending on chromosome aberrations, Micronuclei and Mitotic index as a powerful cytogenetic assays in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino male mice. The result indicated that Nerium oleander extract alone at the dose 92mg/kg induced significant effect on  centromere break and ring chromosome comparing with the negative control (untreated mice) and significantly increased the mean values of chromatid gap  and ring chromosome when  compared with the positive control ( 6MP ). While only the dose 46 mg/kg and 23 mg/kg of N. oleander aqueous extracts significantly decreased mitotic index and when combined with 6MP it can enhance its antimitotic activity but not significantly. Moreover the extracts alone and when combined with 6MP did not significantly change the total number of red blood micro nucleated cells. For Narcissus tazetta extract, the three experimental doses alone lead to significant increase in chromosomal aberrations like: chromatid break with fragment, chromatid break without fragment, chromatid gap, centromeric break, ring chromosome and dicentric chromosome. While only the dose 75mg/kg had induced significant structural chromosomal abnormalities such as chromatid break with fragment, chromatid break without fragment centromeric break and ring chromosome, when combined with 6MP.  The three doses of N. tazetta extract alone, had led to significant reduction in mitotic index compared with untreated control and also its combination with 6-MP significantly decreased the percentage of mitotic index. Moreover, only the doses 75 mg/kg and 37 mg/kg of N. tazetta extracts, when had given alone caused significant increase of the total micronucleated cells. While only the dose 75mg/kg of N. tazetta had induced significant frequency of the total micronucleated cell when combined with 6MP. In the present report, we attempted to establish that N.tazetta and Nerium oleander aquatic extracts enhance the genotoxicity and bioactivity induced by the  antileukemic drug  6MP , thus preventing the development of cellular drug resistance which is a major  problem that can face cancer patients using this drug .The current study serve the purpose of which is to search for local plants that may contribute to the establishment of novel supportive complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during the chemotherapy of cancer in Iraq , Further studies are merited to explore this possibility.

scholarly journals Лексико-семантический анализ лексемы балтырған (с использованием материалов корпуса башкирского языка)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1406-1414
Author(s):  
Anita Sh. Ishmukhametova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
The World

Identification of names of plant curatives and substances in folk and fiction texts shows close interactions between man and the world, attitudes of people towards nature. Research in phytonyms and medicinal plant names proper is most essential for the understanding of a nation’s cultural heritage. The paper examines the lexeme балтырған in Bashkir discourse. Materials. The analyzed materials include linguistic dictionaries, folklore and fiction texts of the Machine Fund of the Bashkir Language, and etymological dictionaries of Altaic languages. Goals. The study aims at a comparative investigation of the lexeme балтырған ‘hogweed’. Results. The term proves a widespread phytonym in Bashkir discourse, which is attested by that it denotes a wide range of plant species in Bashkir and has parallels in other Turkic and Mongolic languages. The lexeme is included in academic, explanatory, dialectal, phrasal, and mythological dictionaries of the Bashkir language. The comparative analysis shows that baltyrγan ‘hogweed’ usually denotes a plant of the order Apiales, a medicinal herb. Baltyrγan~ baltirγana contains the initial bal / baltïr / baldïr with the meaning ‘green, young, fresh’.

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