scholarly journals Investigation of the mechanical and thermal characteristics of an eco-insulating material made of plaster and date palm fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Rachedi ◽  
Abdelouahed Kriker
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

Abstract The negative impact of the production and use of building materials on the environment has become evident, so in recent decades, to find more sustainable, eco-friendly, and low-cost materials, the last research tends to reconsider the use of natural fibers and traditional building materials. This paper aims to develop a bio-composite based on the southern Algerian region's local materials consisting mainly of plaster and waste from date palm trees. Many properties were examined experimentally through previous research of our team (physical, mechanical, and microstructure characteristics) [1, 2] to characterize these materials. Several samples of bio-composite of plaster configurations with short length (20mm) and eight-weight ratios (0.5% - 4%) of palm fibers were prepared for mechanical, thermal, and physical characterizations. In addition, tested all previous properties on the specimens after 28 days of curing in normal conditions. The results show a clear improvement in the bio-composites mechanical performance (an increase in the bending strength with achieving compressive strength) and their thermal properties, which have been well developed (density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity). To enhance the resistance of palm fibers to chemical degradation in the plaster's alkaline environment and improve the adhesion between them, these fibers were treated with a NaOH solution of 1% concentration. The plaster's composites reinforced with date palm fibers can be qualified as eco-friendly and thermal insulation building materials.

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical characterization of a bio-composite mortar reinforced with date palm fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502094823
Author(s):  
Samir Benaniba ◽  
Zied Driss ◽  
Mokhtar Djendel ◽  
Elhadj Raouache ◽  
Rabah Boubaaya
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

Due to respect for the environment and the search for more sustainable materials, scientists have started in recent decades to launch studies on bio-composite materials. It is well known that building materials are among the most commonly used materials and have an obvious negative impact on the environment. The development of environmentally friendly composites as insulating materials in buildings offers practical solutions to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, this work presents the use of a new bio-composite material composed of natural fibers, date palm fibers, cement, and sand. In addition, the study on the effect of adding date palm fibers on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of mortars assesses the thermal insulation properties as well as the water absorption and mechanical performance of this new bio-composite material to use it in the construction of buildings. The percentage by weight of date palm fiber in the test samples varied from 0% to 30% for a fiber size of length equal to 7 mm. The characteristics of these samples were determined experimentally in terms of resistance to bending and compression as well as thermal conductivity. The results show that while increasing the weight of date palm fiber, an obviously reduction in thermal conductivity, flexural, and compressive strength of the composite is observed. Hence, date palm fiber has a positive effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of the composite material. Therefore, it considerably improves the insulating capacity of the mortar.

Environmental Friendly Ceramic Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyohiko Sugiyama ◽  
Keiji Kusumoto ◽  
Masayoshi Ohashi ◽  
Akinori Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Solar Reflectance ◽  
Ceramic Building

The global warming is one of the most serious problems. The decrease of CO2 emissions in our daily life is an important subject today. Recently, an application of water retentive materials as a paving material has attracted a great deal of attention in Japan. This material is effective for reducing heat island phenomenon, which is also a recent problem in many cities in Japan. Water retained in the material during rainfall evaporates when heated by sunshine. The latent heat absorbed by evaporating water works to cool the surroundings. The water retentive ceramic products are expected to be useful for building materials as well as pavements. Several performances are required on the water retentive ceramics when it is used as building materials. Its cost and quality are the important factors. Porous ceramic materials formed by pressing without firing is one of ideal low cost and eco-friendly candidates. The porous ceramics is also expected to be produced from recycled ceramic materials. By optimizing its composition and forming method, a water retentive material with high performance was developed. The trial product had the properties as follows; fracture toughness: 1300N, bending strength: 175N/cm, water absorption: larger than 30%, and precision in size (length): +-0.5mm for 150mm. The product showed also enough frost resistance. In this paper, the fundamental properties of the porous ceramics prepared without firing are discussed with referring to the results of the field experiments.Another subject recently studied by several tile manufactures in Japan is the glazed tile with high solar reflectance. The exterior walls covered with such a high solar reflectance tile keeps the surface temperature of the wall lower under the strong sunshine of summer. It is effective against heat-island phenomenon. In this paper, the outline of the research results on visible and infrared reflectance of many kinds of glazes is also discussed.

Performance of Repair Mortar with Natural Fibers

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (25) ◽  
pp. 1295-1304
Author(s):  
A Kenai ◽  
M Rezagui ◽  
W Yahiaoui ◽  
B Menadi ◽  
S Kenai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Natural Pozzolan ◽  
Repair Mortar ◽  
Alfa Fibers

ABSTRACTConcrete is the most used material in the world after water because of its good mechanical characteristics and its reasonable cost. However, reinforced concrete structures can be damaged by corrosion or other chemical attacks and require repair and maintenance. The repair materials need to satisfy some mechanical and physico-chemical characteristics. Ready-made repair mortars are widely used. However, they are quite expensive, generally imported and they frequently incorporate low volume of synthetic fibers. This paper reports an experimental investigation designing an environmental friendly repair mortar made of local mineral addition (natural pozzolan (PN) and slag (SL)) and local natural fibers. The natural fibers used are Alfa fibers and date palm tree fibers at a volume ratio of 0.75%. The physical and mechanical properties studied are compressive strength, bending strength, total shrinkage and bond strength by slant shear and pull-off tests. The durability of the mortar was assessed by water capillary absorption. The results are compared to those of a reference mortar. The results showed that the substitution of cement by slag and natural pozzolan lead to a decrease in shrinkage (at 28 days of age). The use of date palm and alfa fibers improves the bending strength but reduces compressive strength. According to the results of the pull-off tests, only mortars containing slag meet the minimum value (1.5 MPa) required by EN1504-3. The types of failures observed for most composites show that they can be successfully applied with 20 mm thick layers.

Thermal and mechanical performance of natural mortar reinforced with date palm fibers for use as insulating materials in building

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Benmansour ◽  
Boudjemaa Agoudjil ◽  
Abdelkader Gherabli ◽  
Abdelhak Kareche ◽  
Aberrahim Boudenne
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

scholarly journals Sustainable Removal of Contaminants by Biopolymers: A Novel Approach for Wastewater Treatment. Current State and Future Perspectives

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Teresa Russo ◽  
Pierpaolo Fucile ◽  
Rosa Giacometti ◽  
Filomena Sannino
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Removal Of Contaminants ◽  
Living Organisms

Naturally occurring substances or polymeric biomolecules synthesized by living organisms during their entire life cycle are commonly defined as biopolymers. Different classifications of biopolymers have been proposed, focusing on their monomeric units, thus allowing them to be distinguished into three different classes with a huge diversity of secondary structures. Due to their ability to be easily manipulated and modified, their versatility, and their sustainability, biopolymers have been proposed in different fields of interest, starting from food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries, (i.e., as excipients, gelling agents, stabilizers, or thickeners). Furthermore, due to their sustainable and renewable features, their biodegradability, and their non-toxicity, biopolymers have also been proposed in wastewater treatment, in combination with different reinforcing materials (natural fibers, inorganic micro- or nano-sized fillers, antioxidants, and pigments) toward the development of novel composites with improved properties. On the other hand, the improper or illegal emission of untreated industrial, agricultural, and household wastewater containing a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants represents a great risk to aquatic systems, with a negative impact due to their high toxicity. Among the remediation techniques, adsorption is widely used and documented for its efficiency, intrinsic simplicity, and low cost. Biopolymers represent promising and challenging adsorbents for aquatic environments’ decontamination from organic and inorganic pollutants, allowing for protection of the environment and living organisms. This review summarizes the results obtained in recent years from the sustainable removal of contaminants by biopolymers, trying to identify open questions and future perspectives to overcome the present gaps and limitations.

scholarly journals Assessment of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Hemp-Lime Mortar

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Eliana Parcesepe ◽  
Rosa Francesca De Masi ◽  
Carmine Lima ◽  
Gerardo Maria Mauro ◽  
Maria Rosaria Pecce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Hemp Fibers

The use of renewable and natural materials characterized by the low environmental impact is nowadays a key issue for the sustainable development of the construction industry. For this reason, the interest for natural fibers, to be used as reinforcement in composites as an alternative to other fibers, is continuously growing. In this paper, the use of hemp for reinforcing lime mortar used as plaster is considered with a multidisciplinary approach, taking into consideration the structural and thermal performance. Natural fibers have several advantages compared to industrial ones, such as low cost, low environmental impact, biodegradability, renewable nature. Moreover, these can show remarkable mechanical performance in relation to specific weight, and sometimes, as in the case of hemp fibers, these can improve the thermal insulation capacity of the plaster. However, the experimental results on the mechanical features are still lacking, especially to assess their durability, and the variability of thermal parameters with the mechanical characteristics. Therefore, this paper proposes an experimental program, developed at Laboratory of Materials and Structures (LAMAS) of the University of Sannio (Italy), aimed at investigating the main mechanical properties (compression strength, flexural strength) of lime mortar reinforced by hemp fibers and subjected to various environmental exposures and aging processes. The characterization is completed with the measurement for the produced samples of the thermal conductivity by means of the standardized guarded hot plate technique.

scholarly journals Numerical modelling and experimental study of heat and moisture properties of a wall based on date palm fibers concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 02009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Alioua ◽  
Boudjemaa Agoudjil ◽  
Abderrahim Boudenne
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Hygrothermal Behavior ◽  
Date Palm Fibers ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Heat And Moisture

In the present paper, we study with both experimental and numerical aspect the heat and moisture transfer properties of a wall based on concrete filled with the natural fibers. The wall was placed in climatic chamber and temperature and relative humidity were monitored at different depths. A developed model describing heat and moisture transfers in porous building materials was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics and solved with the finite element method. The obtained results are compared with experimental data. A relatively good agreement was obtained for both temperature and relative humidity variation at different depths. Finally, the developed model gives almost a good prediction despite the classical difficulties encountered at the experiment, which is very promising for the prediction of the hygrothermal behavior of bio-based building materials at different conditions.

scholarly journals MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A POLYESTER MATRIX COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH NATURAL FIBERS FROM Luffa cylindrica Hoen

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-562
Author(s):  
Edgley Alves de Oliveira Paula ◽  
Rafael Bezerra Azevedo Mendes ◽  
Claudia Yanara Meira da Costa ◽  
Rafael Rodolfo de Melo ◽  
Alexandre Santos Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Vegetable Fibers ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyester Matrix

The growing demand for renewable products has led to many studies of alternative materials. The present work describes the production of a composite based in polyester resin reinforced with fibers from the climber plant Luffa cylindrica and evaluates its mechanical performance. The composite was produced with two perpendicularly-crossed layers of vegetable fibers. The lamination was performed in a mold with two glass plates pressed by a hydraulic press. To characterize the properties of the produced composite, density, tensile and bending strength tests were performed. The final composite had a mean density of 1.16 g cm-3, making it light due to the reinforcement with vegetable fibers. Tensile and bending strengths were 13.91 and 26.70 MPa, respectively. The experimental results showed that the composite with vegetable fibers as reinforcement had lower density than the pure polyester matrix and composites produced with glass fibers. The tensile strength was higher than the polyester matrix itself, although it was still low. Also, when submitted to bending stress, the composite presented lower resistance than the matrix. Overall, the composite can be a viable alternative for non-structural applications where light materials are required such as handicrafts and office partition. Keywords: sustainable material; vegetable fibers; mechanical properties; technical feasibility.   Caracterização mecânica de um compósito com matriz de poliéster reforçado com fibras naturais de bucha vegetal (Luffa cylindrica Hoen)   RESUMO: A crescente demanda por produtos renováveis tem levado a muitos estudos de materiais compósitos reforçado com fibras vegetais. A planta trepadeira Luffa cylindrica, conhecida popularmente como bucha vegetal, também apresenta potencial para este uso. O presente trabalho avalia o desempenho de um compósito à base de resina de Poliéster reforçado com bucha vegetal. O compósito foi produzido com duas camadas de fibras vegetais dispostas perpendicularmente entre si. A laminação foi realizada em um molde com duas placas de vidro prensadas por uma prensa hidráulica. Como propriedade física foi determinada a densidade e para as propriedades mecânicas, foram realizados ensaios de resistência à tração e flexão. O compósito final apresentou densidade média de 1,16 g cm-3, tornando-o leve devido ao reforço com fibras vegetais. As resistências à tração e flexão foram de 13,91 e 26,70 MPa, respectivamente. Os resultados experimentais mostraram que o compósito com fibras vegetais como reforço apresentou densidade menor que a matriz de poliéster pura e compósitos produzidos com fibras de vidro. A resistência à tração foi maior do que a própria matriz de poliéster. Além disso, quando submetido a tensões de flexão, o compósito apresentou menor resistência do que a matriz. No geral, o composto pode ser uma alternativa viável para aplicações não estruturais onde materiais leves são necessários, como artesanatos e paredes divisórias. Keywords: material sustentável; fibras vegetais; propriedades mecânicas; viabilidade técnica.

scholarly journals The effect of doum palm fibers on the mechanical and thermal properties of gypsum mortar

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (19) ◽  
pp. 2641-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiiri Fatma ◽  
Lamis Allègue ◽  
Mehdi Salem ◽  
Redouane Zitoune ◽  
Mondher Zidi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulator ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Naoh Treatment

The main objective of this paper is the evaluation of the possibility of using a gypsum mortar reinforced with doum palm fibers as thermal insulators in building material. Several composite configurations with three sizes and five-weight ratios (from 0.5% to 2.5%) of doum palm fiber were prepared for mechanical and thermo-physical characterization. Generally, natural fibers are affected by the alkali environment of gypsum mortar. To overcome this problem, doum palm fibers were treated with a NaOH solution of 1% concentration to enhance their resistance against chemical degradation. Chemical treatment of fiber removes some hemicellulose and lignin and tends to make the fiber more homogenous, which enhances fiber–matrix interfacial properties. In addition, the mechanical properties of the specimens were tested after 7 days, 28 days and 1 year of curing in normal conditions. The obtained results show an improvement in the mechanical performance of composites reinforced with treated fibers. In fact, better results were obtained for gypsum mortar reinforced with treated reinforcement seive2 for the value of 1% of fibers. It was also noticed that NaOH treatment has an influence on the thermal conductivities. In fact, the use of treated doum palm fibers as reinforcement in gypsum mortar seems to be an alternative natural material to be used as a thermal insulator material.

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