scholarly journals Topological Modelling of Grammatical and Lexical Aspect in English

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 185-204
Author(s):  
Waldemar Skrzypczak
Keyword(s):  
Research Project ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Grammatical Aspect ◽  
The Core ◽  
Temporal Domain ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
Unitary Events

This paper stems from a broader research project entitled Analog-based Modelling of Meaning Representations in English (Skrzypczak 2006), and aims to present grammatical aspect and lexical aspect as two modes of encoding the temporal profiles within the conceptualisation of processes (terminologically, in Langackerian sense, imperfective and perfective processes, otherwise, variously labelled as stative and dynamic verbs, i. e. states vs. discrete ‘unitary’ events and nondiscrete ‘unbounded’ processes). It is assumed that aspect in both cases – as a process-profiling category – is analogous to the profiling of things and atemporal relations (in the sense of Langacker 1987, 1990, 2000), given the maximisation of the temporal domain in the characterisation of processes (perfective and imperfective, hence: dynamic and stative), and minimalisation of the temporal domain during the conceptualisation of things (conceptually independent entities) and atemporal relations (conceptually dependent atemporal configurations). The analogy between nouns and verbs in terms of ‘granularity’ has been so far variously addressed by Langacker (1990), Jackendoff (1991) and Talmy (2001), and also constitutes the core assumption in my research on topological modelling.

scholarly journals Practical Precision Electrical Impedance Measurement for the 21st Century – EMPIR Project 17RPT04 VersICal

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Power ◽  
Adam Ziolek ◽  
Andreas Elmholdt Christensen ◽  
Andrei Pokatilov ◽  
Anca Nestor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Core ◽  
First Results ◽  
Electrical Impedance Measurement ◽  
Measurement Infrastructure

The core objective of EMPIR project 17RPT04 VersICaL is to improve the European measurement infrastructure for electrical impedance, with particular emphasis on the capabilities of developing NMIs and calibration centres. The project will seek to exploit the results of existing research on digital impedance bridges (DIBs) by designing, constructing and validating simple, affordable versions suitable to realise the impedance scale in the range 1 nF to 10 μF and 1 mH to 10 H with relative uncertainties in the range 10-5 to 10-6. The first results of the research project, including the bridge designs and details of a polyphase digitally synthesized multichannel source capable of providing voltage outputs of precise ratio and phase are presented.

scholarly journals Creativity in events: the untold story

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Jackson ◽  
James Morgan ◽  
Chantal Laws
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Creative Environment

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on untold stories that not only illustrate the creativity but also complexity of working in outdoor events. There has been global interest in the creative industries and the creative economy more generally. Events have not been identified or categorised as part of this. Experiences have been identified as part of the creative sectors (NESTA, 2006) and events are seen as experiences (Jackson, 2006; Berridge 2007). There has been little research undertaken about the creative nature of event experiences, especially in how they are created. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical framework was created from literature on creativity more generally to inform the Creativity in Events research project. Interviews with those working in the outdoor events sector were the basis of the qualitative stage of the research project investigating the phenomenon of creativity in events. Findings This paper identifies the core facets of creativity in the management of outdoor events. These were fluency, originality, imagination, elaboration, environment and complexity. A vignette is used to illustrate the intricacy of the nature of creativity in the production of outdoor event experiences. The overall findings were that event management was both creative and pragmatic and that both are necessary. There was a need for a creative environment with processes and familiarity that aided inspiration and originality. Originality/value The background and findings are relevant to recognising events as part of the wider creative economy. A greater understanding of the nature of creativity in events informs both education and practice.

The Mandarin LVS construction: Verb lexical semantics and grammatical aspect

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Zhuo Jing-Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Grammatical Aspect

AbstractTwo empirical studies – a verb elicitation experiment and a collostructional analysis – were conducted to investigate the Mandarin LVS construction with respect to the lexical semantics of the verb and its collocation with grammatical aspect. Converging evidence from both studies indicates strong schematicity and productivity in the verb category of the LVS construction. Although most exemplars fall into a few major lexical semantic clusters, there are more low-frequency marginal exemplars than previously recognized, reinforcing the constructional schema in an essentially radial category. In addition to the lexical semantic regularity of the verb slot, both studies showed the existence of high-frequency tokens with prototype status. As far as grammatical aspect is concerned, the converging evidence indicates that the LVS category is compatible not only with the durative aspect, but also with the perfective as well as the resultative and directional lexical aspect. The attraction of grammatical aspect to the verb of LVS is graded rather than absolute, with some mutual selection patterns more typical than others. The two grammatical aspects as marked by the durative -zhe and the perfective -le are non-interchangeable.

scholarly journals Workplace Mediation in Ireland: Bridging the Research-Practice Gap

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Workplace Conflict ◽  
The Core ◽  
Resolution Process ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Mediation Practice

The purpose of this article is to present a case for the importance of research in informing mediation practice specifically in the context of the management of workplace conflict in Ireland. The position of mediation within the broader dispute-resolution framework is clarified at the outset and the core mediation process is described. The increasing use of mediation in Ireland and the changing institutional context within which it is conducted are discussed. The importance of research is stressed along with crucial methodological challenges. The paucity of workplace mediation research in Ireland is highlighted and the preliminary findings of an on-going research project are presented. The article concludes that more research into workplace mediation in Ireland is needed to inform practice in this area and to improve external perception of the legitimacy of mediation as a dispute resolution process

scholarly journals STABILITY OF RUBBLE MOUND SLOPES UNDER RANDOM WAVE ATTACK

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Van der Meer ◽  
K.W. Pilarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Model Tests ◽  
Wave Period ◽  
Present Series ◽  
Random Wave ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Spectrum Shape ◽  
The Core ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Rubble Mound

The objective of the present research project is to give new practical design formulae for rubble mound slopes under random wave attack. The study is based upon a series of model tests. More than two hundred tests have been performed in order to vary systematically all the relevant variables. The main shortcomings in Hudson-type formulae have been solved as a result of the present series of investigations. Stability formulae are given which include the influence of wave period, number of waves, armour grading, spectrum shape, groupiness of waves and the permeability of the core.

scholarly journals Aspectuality in Welsh

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (11 Zeszyt specjalny) ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Sabine Asmus
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Grammatical Aspect ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Linking Elements

When discussing aspectuality, a distinction is normally made between grammatical and lexical aspect. Both are linked, to varying degrees, to the category of tense. The existence of grammatical aspect in a language is normally accepted if it is fully expressed in a grammatical category, preferably a verbal one, as seems to be prototypically encoded in some Slavic languages. Questions concerning aspect have been posed for Welsh, since perfectivity could be expressed by the verbal particle ro- in its older stages. However, Modern Welsh differentiates synthetically between six tenses for the verb bod ‘to be’ and four for all of the others (save defective verbs) in the Indicative, the category looked at here. It is little surprising, therefore, that the aspect dichotomy of perfectivity vs. imperfectivity is not expressed morphologically. However, based on field work, it has been established that issues of aspectuality in Welsh are typically expressed by employing its periphrastic VSO structure, i.e. verb–noun constructions with linking elements of varying synsemantica between the finite VS- and the “O-phrase” (complement).

From rule-based explicit instruction to explicit knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Kissling
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Grammatical Aspect ◽  
University Level ◽  
The Difference

This pilot study investigated university-level intermediate Spanish learners’ (n=16) explicit knowledge about a contrast in grammatical aspect (preterite/imperfect) after they received rule-based explicit instruction. Prior studies have found that learners’ explicit knowledge about preterite and imperfect includes partially understood rules, which can have long-lasting effects on their performance, so it is important to investigate the disconnect between what is taught and what is learned. Learners completed a cloze test and then introspected about their performance. The data were analysed qualitatively and compared to verbalisations of L1 Spanish speakers (n=6). Four main themes emerged: learners failed to learn the concept of grammatical aspect, they demonstrated confusion about lexical aspect, they attributed the difference between preterite and imperfect to a binary system of lexical aspect feature complexes based on duration of the verb/predicate, and they relied on self-developed categorical rules about adverbial markers. Suggestions for modifications to the conventional pedagogical rules are offered.

scholarly journals A Book, a Securitate File, and a Research Project. On Gossiping and Ethnography

Eurostudia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Barbara Thériault
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Secret Police ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Core ◽  
Extreme Character ◽  
New Research

Katherine Verdery’s latest book, an ethnography of the Archive of Romania’s Secret Police and the permission to copy and study a Securitate file, that of Iuliana, represents, for the author, the opportunity to write an unusual book review. Superposing the book and the file allows her to reflect on the work of secret police officers and that of ethnographers as well as questioning the practice of the sociological observer. As it turns out, the file adds a new dimension and an interpretation key to the book: beyond the importance of networks or social relationships as material secret police officers and ethnographers share, it discloses gossip as an empirical source and a recruitment technique. Centering on gossip helps the author in reformulating one of the book’s central arguments and delineating the contours of the “bourgeois,” a figure at the core of a new research project. The extreme character of the two cases at hand—material constituted toward a political end—sheds light on the relations ethnographers entertain to their informants as well as to dilemmas of research, which might otherwise remain unseen.

scholarly journals Educating Incarcerated Professionals: Challenges and Lessons from an Extreme PhD Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 105649262110072
Author(s):  
William S. Harvey ◽  
Navdeep K. Arora
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Federal Prison ◽  
The Core ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Work Family

This essay outlines a unique set of challenges that we confronted as a PhD supervisor and candidate, drawing on a research project within a United States Federal Prison. We elicit the challenges that can be faced at different stages before, during, and after fieldwork, and share three lessons for others. First, exploring unique phenomena and processes often requires conducting research in extreme empirical contexts, which while challenging, helps to establish the boundaries within which other archetypes can be studied. Second, educating incarcerated individuals is a challenge and an opportunity, and requires creative approaches that can transcend work, family, and social boundaries. Finally, while it is tempting for supervisors and candidates to embark on PhDs for instrumental purposes, helping to support and develop each other should be the core motivation. We hope that others can learn from our experience and reflect on and share more widely their own experiences and practices.

scholarly journals Einige Fragen der Aktionsart- und Aspektfunktion im Sprachvergleich

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Michail L. Kotin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Present Perfect ◽  
Grammatical Form ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Grammatical Aspect ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Special Means ◽  
Viewpoint Aspect ◽  
The One

The contribution deals with selected questions of the interaction between the so called “lexical aspect” (the opposition between telicity and atelicity) and the grammatical aspect (or so called “viewpoint”- aspect, i.e. the opposition between perfectivity and imperfectivity) in the languages with and without the overtly encoded aspect. The striking point of the analysis is the “complexive” meaning of aspectual forms and constructions involving lexical atelicity by indicating durativity or iterativity, on the one hand, and grammatical perfectivity by indicating the complexive perspective of the verbal action on the other. This type of aspectuality was a special feature of verbal systems with the aorist category. My claim is, thus, that the contemporary English has a special grammatical form of the “complexive aorist”, i.e. the form of Present Perfect Progressive. The Slavic languages encode this function by using the – unmarked – imperfective forms of the verbs, whereas German uses special means of encoding the very same function on the whole-clause level, such as adverbials or definite vs. indefinite or zero article.

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