scholarly journals Erythrocyte Antioxidative Enzymes in Experimentally Induced Osteopenia in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław P. Radzki ◽  
Marek Bieńko ◽  
Edyta Albera ◽  
Marta Kankofer
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Determination Of Activity

Abstract The study aimed at the determination of dynamic relationship between mineralisation processes and antioxidative/oxidative status during the development of osteopenia. One hundred and two healthy female Wistar rats at the age of 2 months and initial body weight of 200 g were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into control (CON, n=6), sham operated (SHO, n=48), and ovariectomised (OVX, n=48) groups. Animals from SHO (n=6) and OVX (n=6) groups were sacrificed every week during 8 weeks of the experiment in order to detect dynamic changes in examined parameters. The samples were collected weekly from day 7 to day 56. The femora were examined with the use of DXA (bone mineral density) and pQCT (area, mineral content, volumetric density of trabecular and cortical part of distal femora). The pQCT scans were performed 5 mm from distal end of the tibia. The determination of activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in haemolysates of erythrocytes were performed spectrophotometrically. Obtained data showed wave like changes in both enzyme activities and bone parameters and indicated the importance of the 2nd-3rd and 5th-6th week after surgery as a key moment for bone metabolism and activity of enzymatic antioxidative defence during the development of osteopenia induced by bilateral ovariectomy. The obtained results proved that alterations in activity of GSH-Px and SOD, and pQCT ahead the changes registered by DXA by 7 d.

Combined effects of acetaminophen, isopropylantipyrine and caffeine on pregnant and nonpregnant liver

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Burdan ◽  
Z Siezieniewska ◽  
Z Urbanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Turbidity Test ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Thymol Turbidity Test ◽  
Determination Of Activity

The common effects of acetaminophen (APA), isopropylantipyrine (IPA) and caffeine on liver were examined in rats. The preparations were given in Tween-80 solution once daily, in a constant proportion of 5:3:1, during days 8 to14 of gestation (S1, S2, S3 groups) or between days 8 and 14 of the experiment in nonpregnant female Wistar rats (S1-NP, S2-NP, S3-NP groups). The administration was in three different doses: doses S1, S1-NP — 3.5 mg/kg APA, 2.14 mg/ kg IPA, 0.7 mg/kg caffeine; doses S2, S2-NP were 10 times higher; and doses S3, S3-NP 100 times higher than doses S1, S1-NP. There were two control groups (T, T-NP) with Tween-80. At day 21 of gestation/experiment blood was taken for determination of activity of alanine (ALA) and aspartate (AST) aminotransferase, lactate (LDH) and glutamate (GLDH) dehydrogenase, levels of bilirubin (BIL), urea (URE), total protein (TP) and thymol turbidity test (TTT). The liver sections were examined by light microscopy with four stains: hematoxylin and eosin (H+E), silver Gomori, van Gieson and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). There was a statistically significant (P<0.05) increase in the GLDH (S3-NP, S2, S3 groups) and AST, LDH (S3 group) activity, a decrease in URE (S2, S3 groups) and decrease in TP (S3-NP, S2, S3 groups) compared to the corresponding control group. Significant differences were noted in activity of AST, GLDH, and levels of the URE and TP between pregnant and nonpregnant females. The treatment resulted in minimal reactive and degenerative changes in light microscopic pattern of liver.

Determination of basal bone mineral density in the femur bones of male and female Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 002367722092256
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Hernandez-Becerra ◽  
Sandra M Londoño-Restrepo ◽  
Margarita I Hernández-Urbiola ◽  
Daniel Jimenez-Mendoza ◽  
Ma de los Ángeles Aguilera-Barreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ca:P Ratio

Changes in bone mineral content of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), magnesium and potassium for male and female Wistar rats during their development from 3 weeks old to adulthood (27 weeks old) were measured. Bone mineral content was related to areal bone mineral density (BMD) which was measured in vivo at the femoral neck using a calibrated X-ray transmission system to obtain basal curves as a function of the age of the specimen. Diagnostic curves were built to determine low BMD (osteopaenia) and osteoporosis in female rats fed a Ca-depleted diet (50%) based on the obtained data and the criteria established by the World Health Organization. Bone mineral content is directly related to sex and age, but P did not change throughout the experimental period. P content did not exhibit significant changes with growing, while Ca was greatest in male rats, producing significant differences in the Ca:P ratio. Male rats reach the Ca:P ratio peak before female rats. However, areal BMD does not follow the same trend. On the other hand, osteoporosis produced a 45% decrease in this parameter for young and mature adults. These results make Z-score values available to diagnose bone-mass losses and hence the possibility of improving the conditions of non-contact measurement of BMD in vivo. This technique can be used for future experiments with Wistar rats.

Influence of anthropometric parameters on assessment of paediatric bone mineral density and bone mineral content

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hangartner Thomas ◽  
F Short David ◽  
Gilsanz Vicente ◽  
J Kalkwarf Heidi ◽  
M Lappe Joan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

Potential predictive marker of treatment effectiveness in patients with osteopenic syndrome after surgical menopause

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Yansiiat Z. Zaydieva ◽  
Elena V. Kruchinina ◽  
Olga S. Gorenkova ◽  
Elena Yu. Polyakova ◽  
Elena N. Kareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Surgical Menopause

Introduction. Patients with surgical menopause have a risk for osteopenic syndrome (OS). Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in combination with calcium and vitamin D promotes increase in bone mineral density (BMD). The expression level of vitamin D receptor in mononuclear fraction cells (MNFC) of blood can be considered as a predictive marker of effectiveness of OS therapy. Aim. To search a molecular predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS treatment. Materials and methods. The study included 100 women aged 4055 years with a duration of surgical menopause from 12 months to 6 years. The criterion for including patients in the study was the absence of contraindications to the use of MHT. The subject of the study was the determination of BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, polymerase chain reaction diagnostics of the level of expression of vitamin D genes, estradiol and progesterone receptors, determination of 25-OH vitamin D in the blood. Results. Analysis of 12-month OS therapy effectiveness evaluated with a surrogate marker BMD. The increase in BMD up to 34% per year was treated as absence of negative dynamics, more than 4% per year as positive one. Significant effect of combination therapy compared with MHT on BMD in patients with surgical menopause with a low baseline level of BMD (due to hypovitaminosis D) is associated with the anti-inflammatory, bone-protective effect of vitamin D. In both groups of patients not responding; to the prescribed therapy we were able to conduct a comparative analysis of expression level of the target molecules in the MNFC before the start of treatment. The efficacy of MHT and combination therapy for BMD disorders is positively associated with the expression level of vitamin D receptors in MNFC before treatment. Therefore, the vitDR mRNA level is a potential predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS treatment. The expression levels of nuclear estradiol beta receptor and membrane receptor for progesterone in MNFC before treatment showed an upward trend in women responding to therapy. Conclusion. The expression level of the vitamin D receptor in MNFC of blood is significantly lower in the group of women with no/insufficient effect on 12-month combined therapy. This indicator can be considered as a predictive marker of the effectiveness of OS therapy.

scholarly journals Circulating bioactive sclerostin levels in an Austrian population-based cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kerschan-Schindl ◽  
Ursula Föger-Samwald ◽  
Andreas Gleiss ◽  
Stefan Kudlacek ◽  
Jacqueline Wallwitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Robust Parameter ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
Different Levels

Summary Background Circulating serum sclerostin levels are supposed to give a good estimation of the levels of this negative regulator of bone mass within bone. Most studies evaluating total serum sclerostin found different levels in males compared to females and in older compared to younger subjects. Besides an ELISA detecting total sclerostin an ELISA determining bioactive sclerostin has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of bioactive sclerostin in an Austrian population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 235 healthy subjects. Using the bioactive ELISA assay (Biomedica) bioactive sclerostin levels were evaluated. Results Serum levels of bioactive sclerostin were higher in men than in women (24%). The levels correlated positively with age (r = 0.47). A positive correlation could also be detected with body mass index and bone mineral density. Conclusion Using the ELISA detecting bioactive sclerostin our results are consistent with data in the literature obtained by different sclerostin assays. The determination of sclerostin concentrations in peripheral blood thus appears to be a robust parameter of bone metabolism.

scholarly journals Intra-Bone Marrow Administration of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Is a Promising Approach for Treating Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hideki Agata ◽  
Yoshinori Sumita ◽  
Tatsuro Hidaka ◽  
Mayumi Iwatake ◽  
Hideaki Kagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Mineral Density

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known to be useful for treating local bone diseases. However, it is not known if MSCs are effective for treating systemic bone diseases, as the risk for mortality following intravenous MSC administration has hindered research progress. In this study, we compared the safety and efficacy of intra-bone marrow and intravenous administration of MSCs for the treatment of ovariectomy- (OVX-) induced osteoporosis. Cells capable of forming bone were isolated from the murine compact bones and expanded in culture. Relatively pure MSCs possessing increased potential for cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis were obtained by magnetic-activated cell sorting with the anti-Sca-1 antibody. Sca-1-sorted MSCs were administered to OVX mice, which were sacrificed 1 month later. We observed that 22% of the mice died after intravenous administration, whereas none of the mice died after intra-bone marrow administration. With respect to efficacy, intravenous administration improved bone mineral density (BMD) by increasing bone mineral content without affecting bone thickness, whereas intra-bone marrow administration improved BMD by increasing both bone mineral content and bone thickness. These results indicate that intra-bone marrow administration of pure MSCs is a safer and more effective approach for treating osteoporosis.

Effects of One-Year Adjuvant Treatment with Tamoxifen on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Women

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Barni ◽  
Paolo Lissoni ◽  
Gabriele Tancini ◽  
Antonio Ardizzoia ◽  
Marina Cazzaniga
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Postmenopausal Breast Cancer ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
One Year

In this study, the authors have analyzed the possible effects of one-year adjuvant treatment with tamoxifen on bone mineral density in postmenopausal breast cancer women. Bone mineral content was studied by photon absorptiometry (I-125), whereas bone balance was analyzed indirectly by serum PTH, osteocalcin, calcitonin, calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels. Bone mineral content and serum bone-related substances were measured before starting treatment and after one year. Results were analyzed using Student's t test for paired data. No difference was found between the two measurements for bone mineral content, PTH, calcitonin, calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels. Measurements at entry and after one year of treatment showed a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.001) only for osteocalcin. In accordance with other authors, we can conclude that treatment with tamoxifen does not cause an increase in menopausal bone resorption. The finding that osteocalcin levels decreased after one year of therapy with tamoxifen is interesting, but further studies are necessary to clarify the role of such levels in predicting a turnover of bone balance towards osteoblastic activity.

Determination of Bone Mineral Content Medicine Using the Scintillation Camera

Radiology ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gordon DePuey ◽  
John A. Burdine
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Scintillation Camera
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document