scholarly journals Evaluation of Anthropometric Indices for Metabolic Syndrome and their Association with Metabolic Risk Factors among Healthy Individuals in New Belgrade

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Veroslava Stanković ◽  
Svetlana Stojanović ◽  
Nađa Vasiljević
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Anthropometric Indices

Summary People with metabolic syndrome (MetSy) are about twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease and over four times as likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared to subjects without metabolic syndrome. Waist circumferences (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are useful screening tools for making the diagnosis. MetSy has increased the health risk in primary care. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anthropometric indices for MetSy and determine which of simple anthropometric measurements is most closely associated with metabolic risk factors. The research included 264 individuals, of which 132 men with mean age (±SD) of 44.73 ±9.37 years and 132 women with mean age (±SD) of 46.67±8.44 years. Antropometric indicators were measured using standard protocols, without shoes and outerwear. BMI was calculated as weight/height2(kg/m2) ratio, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Blood pressure measurements were obtained with the subject in a seated position by using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Blood samples were obtained after a minimum of 12-h fast; the metabolic parameters (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose) were analyzed by standard procedures. Analysis of the examinees’ medical records was also performed. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The analysis of the research results were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 10.0 (SPSS 10.0 for Windows). The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 44.7% in men and 43.2% in women. Normal-weight subjects of both sexes were significantly younger and had significantly lower blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides than overweight and obese subjects. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were significantly increased in parallel with increasing of BMI. For the whole sample, both anthropometric indices had significant associations with the other five components of MetSy. Waist circumference is a simple measure of adiposity most strongly associated with metabolic abnormalities. The results obtained in this study indicate that WC is a good indicator of health risk in women but not in men. Measurement of WC by BMI categories may indicate a person with an increased risk of development of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liye Zou ◽  
Yangjie Zhang ◽  
Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽  
Albert S. Yeung ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: The improvement of living standards has led to increases in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. In particular, multifactorial complex diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, are becoming more prevalent. Currently, developing effective methods to combat or prevent metabolic syndrome is of critical public health importance. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the existing literature regarding the effects of Wuqinxi exercise on reducing risk factors related to metabolic syndrome. Methods: Both English- and Chinese-language databases were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Wuqinxi on these outcomes. Meanwhile, we extracted usable data for computing pooled effect size estimates, along with the random-effects model. Results: The synthesized results showed positive effects of Wuqinxi exercise on systolic blood pressure (SBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.85, p < 0.001, I2 = 24.06%), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.00, p < 0.001, I2 = 61.28%), total plasma cholesterol (TC, SMD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.36, p < 0.001, I2 = 78.71%), triglyceride (TG, SMD = 0.87, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.24, p < 0.001, I2 = 67.22%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, SMD = 1.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.72, p < 0.001, I2 = 78.27%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, SMD = 0.95, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.46, p < 0.001, I2 = 82.27%). In addition, regression results showed that longer-duration Wuqinxi intervention significantly improved DBP (β = 0.00016, Q = 5.72, df = 1, p = 0.02), TC (β = −0.00010, Q = 9.03, df = 1, p = 0.01), TG (β = 0.00012, Q = 6.23, df = 1, p = 0.01), and LDL (β = 0.00011, Q = 5.52, df = 1, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Wuqinxi may be an effective intervention to alleviate the cardiovascular disease risk factors of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in relation to metabolic risk factors, insulin sensitivity and adiponectin in a young Middle-Eastern population

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Hélène Gannagé-Yared ◽  
Rima Chedid ◽  
Simon Khalife ◽  
Emmanuel Azzi ◽  
Fernand Zoghbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index

ObjectivesSeveral studies suggest a link between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and metabolic risk factors. However, this relation has been mainly studied in elderly and/or obese subjects. In addition, the relation between 25(OH)D and adiponectin is unclear. The purpose of this study is to look at these relations in non-obese young individuals.DesignWe investigated the relation between serum 25(OH)D and adiposity, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and adiponectin in 381 randomly selected university students (201 males and 180 females, mean age 23.9±3.9).ResultsIn the overall population, 25(OH)D is significantly inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA index) and positively correlated with adiponectin and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P<0.01 for all variables). In males, these correlations are still significant for BMI, SBP, WC, and adiponectin (P=0.02,P=0.01,P=0.04 andP=0.01 respectively); also, 25(OH)D is inversely correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (P=0.007). In females, 25(OH)D is only inversely correlated with FPG and HOMA index (P<0.001 andP=0.03 respectively). In multivariate regression analysis models, after adjustment for sex and BMI, 25(OH)D is an independent predictor of FPG and SBP (P=0.032 andP=0.05 respectively) in the overall population, while in males 25(OH)D is a predictor of LDL-cholesterol and SBP independently of BMI (P=0.007 andP=0.035 respectively).ConclusionIn non-obese young subjects, we observe new relationships between 25(OH)D and several metabolic risk factors and adiponectin. Further research is needed to elucidate the gender differences and to look at the relation between 25(OH)D and adiponectin.

scholarly journals Association between Parent’s Metabolic Syndrome and 12- to18-Year-Old Offspring’s Overweight: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) 2009–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Na Yeong Lee ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Yoonji Lee ◽  
Seulki Kim ◽  
Seonhwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age And Sex

Background. Little information is available on the association between parents’ metabolic syndrome (MetS) and adolescent offspring’s obesity in Korea. The aim of our study is to determine the association between parent’s metabolic syndrome and offspring’s obesity. Methods. The study data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted during 2009–2016. In the present study, 3140 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, their paternal pairs (PP, fathers = 2244), and maternal pairs (MP, mothers = 3022) were analyzed. Of these 3140 adolescents, 2637 had normal weight {age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) under the 85th percentile}, whereas 467 were overweight (age- and sex-specific BMI over the 85th percentile). Results. Offspring’s overweight and central obesity were associated with all components of the PP’s metabolic risk factors, including central obesity ( p < 0.001 ), systolic ( p < 0.001 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001 ), glucose intolerance ( p < 0.001 ), and triglyceride ( p < 0.002 ) and high-density lipoprotein levels ( p = 0.049 ). In addition, offspring’s overweight and central obesity were also associated with the metabolic risk factors of MP, including central obesity ( p < 0.001 ), systolic ( p < 0.001 ) and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001 ), glucose intolerance ( p < 0.001 ), and triglyceride levels ( p < 0.001 ). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, offspring’s overweight was significantly and positively associated with parental central obesity (PP, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.593; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.192–2.128; MP, adjusted OR = 2.221, 95% CI: 1.755–2.812) and parental metabolic syndrome (PP, adjusted OR = 2.032; 95% CI: 1.451–2.846; MP, adjusted OR = 2.972, 95% CI: 2.239–3.964). As the number of parental metabolic risk factors increased, offspring’s risk for overweight and central obesity increased ( p for trends < 0.001). Conclusion. Parental metabolic syndrome was associated with obesity in 12- to 18-year-old offspring in Korea.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues ◽  
Neiva Leite ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho e Silva ◽  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Raul A. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Run Test

Background:Associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with lifestyle behaviors in youth is potentially important for identifying subgroups at risk and encourage interventions. This study evaluates the associations among the clustering of metabolic risk factors and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth.Methods:The sample comprised 522 girls and 402 boys (N = 924) aged 11 to 17 years. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressures were measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. MVPA was estimated with a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were statistically normalized and expressed as z scores. A clustered metabolic risk score was computed as the mean of z scores. Multiple linear regression was used to test associations between metabolic risk and MVPA by sex, adjusted for age, WC, and CRF.Results:After adjustment for potential confounders, MVPA was inversely associated with the clustering of metabolic risk factors in girls, but not in boys; in addition, after adjusting for WC, the statistical model of that relationship was substantially improved in girls.Conclusion:MVPA was independently associated with increased risk of MetS in girls. Additional efforts are needed to encourage research with different analytical approach and standardization of criteria for MetS in youth.

Effects of nutrition education on cardio-metabolic outcomes: A randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-470
Author(s):  
Hildemar Dos Santos ◽  
W Lawrence Beeson ◽  
Gina Segovia-Siapco ◽  
Brenda Koranda ◽  
Tony Jehi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Full Plate Diet (FPD) on the primary prevention of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Design: Randomised clinical trial. Setting: Drayson Center, Loma Linda University, CA, USA. Methods: Forty individuals were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving the FPD health education for 10 weeks or to a control group not receiving this intervention. Comprehensive evaluations of clinical and anthropometric outcomes were conducted at baseline and at the end of intervention. To assess within-group changes and between-group differences, a general linear model was used. Results: Significant reductions in weight (−1.54 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.5, −.54) and total cholesterol (TC) (−11.7 mg/dL; 95% CI −21.4, −2) and non-significant reductions in means for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (−7.3 mg/dL, 95% CI −16, 1.5) and triglycerides (−18.7 mg/dL, 95% CI −46, 8.5) were observed in the intervention group after 10 weeks compared with baseline. These reductions were non-significantly higher in the intervention compared with the control group. There were no significant mean changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and haemoglobin A1c (A1c) in the intervention group after 10 weeks. Conclusion: A multi-component programme comprising 10 weeks of health education that emphasised the high intake of fibre failed to significantly reduce cardio-metabolic risk factors. It did show a downward trend in triglycerides, TC and body weight that may be of clinical importance suggesting that a future investigation with a longer intervention duration is needed.

scholarly journals Relationship between body fat percentage determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis and metabolic risk factors in Syrian male adolescents (18–19 years)

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Mahfouz Al-Bachir ◽  
Mohamad Adel Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract The association between increasing obesity and metabolic syndrome among adolescent and the adverse consequences in adulthood including type-2 diabetes and coronary heart disease is well documented. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the major metabolic risk factors and some clinical important parameters in Syrian male adolescents (18-19 years old), and to assess the correlations between BF% determined by BIA-man prediction equation and metabolic risk factors in the same group. The correlations between body fat percentage (BF%) based on BIA-man predictive equations, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol (Chol), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), Hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) in 1596 healthy Syrian adolescents aged 18-19 years and the mean values of these parameters were examined. Data showed that, DBP, Chol, TG, LDL and TG/HDL-C were significantly (p<0.05) higher in overweight and obese subjects in compression to normal weight cases. Whereas, SBP, FBS and Ht were significantly (p<0.05) higher in obese subjects in compression to normal weight. However, all measured variable related to metabolic syndrome risk factors increased with increasing the BF% determined by BIA-man. The present study suggests that % BF by BIA-man is a good predictor of metabolic risks factors for Syrian adolescents.

scholarly journals Overnutrition, ectopic lipid and the metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M Grundy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Current View ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of metabolic risk factors including atherogenic dyslipidemia (elevated serum triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol), elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia (insulin resistance and elevated serum glucose), a pro-inflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. Most persons with metabolic syndrome are obese, and usually have abdominal obesity. Generally, obesity is a reflection of overnutrition. A current view is that when adipose tissue fails to store all excess nutrients as triglyceride, lipid begins to accumulate in various tissues (eg, muscle, liver, pancreas, and heart). This accumulation is called ectopic lipid. Various mechanisms have been proposed whereby ectopic lipid is detrimental in different tissues; these derangements induce metabolic risk factors. The foundation of the metabolic syndrome thus appears to be overnutrition, that is, more nutrient intake than can be safely disposed by lipid oxidation. Excess dietary carbohydrate also induces ectopic lipid. Of interest, less than half of obese individuals develop metabolic syndrome. Through various mechanisms they adapt to overnutrition so as to minimize lipid overload in tissues, and consequently, prevent the syndrome.

scholarly journals Association between Inflammatory Markers and Clinical and Metabolic Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Inga Stuķēna ◽  
Andrejs Kalvelis ◽  
Guntis Bahs ◽  
Uldis Teibe ◽  
Pēteris Tretjakovs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tnf Α

Association between Inflammatory Markers and Clinical and Metabolic Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases The inflammatory reaction plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. The clinical significance of the main inflammatory markers — C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1), etc. — has not been fully established. CRP, IL6, TNF-α, and PAI1 were assessed in 100 patients in terms of certain clinical indicators (sex, obesity indicators, blood pressure, and heart rate), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), adiponectin, and leptin levels. CRP and PAI1 levels were elevated in subjects with increased body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. CRP correlated positively with indicators of carbohydrate metabolism and negatively with TC, HDL-C, and adiponectin. PAI1 correlated positively with insulin levels, HOMA-IR, leptin, and TG, but negatively with HDL-C. IL6 correlated negatively with TC, but TNF-α correlated negatively with HDL-C. Both IL6 and TNF-α correlated positively with leptin levels. TNF-α correlated with TG levels and the indicators of carbohydrate metabolism only in women. CRP and PAI1 are the most sensitive inflammatory markers; their levels were higher in adipose subjects.

scholarly journals Higher level of faecal SCFA in women correlates with metabolic syndrome risk factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana F. S. Teixeira ◽  
Łukasz Grześkowiak ◽  
Sylvia C. C. Franceschini ◽  
Josefina Bressan ◽  
Célia L. L. F. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Faecal Concentration ◽  
Lean Group

SCFA provide energy to the host and influence lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting that they may have an impact on the occurrence of metabolic risk factors. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration of SCFA in faeces of lean and obese individuals and to analyse whether associations between faecal SCFA and metabolic syndrome parameters are present. Lean (n20) and obese (n20) women of similar age (28·5 (sd7·6)v.30·7 (sd6·5) years,P= 0·33) participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure and biochemical parameters were assessed. SCFA were extracted from faeces and quantified by GC. Blood pressure and blood glucose, although within the normal limits, were higher in the obese group compared to lean subjects (P< 0·05). Lower HDL concentration and higher insulin and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index were observed in the obese than in the lean group (P< 0·05). The median values of SCFA (% w/w) from the lean and obese groups were butyric (0·021v.0·044,P= 0·024), propionic (0·021v.0·051,P= 0·007) and acetic (0·03v.0·061,P= 0·01). SCFA correlated positively with metabolic syndrome risk factors such as adiposity, waist circumference and HOMA index (P< 0·05), and inversely with HDL (P< 0·05). Our results suggest that the higher faecal concentration of SCFA is associated with metabolic risk factors and thus may influence metabolic homeostasis.

scholarly journals 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D, Adiponectin Levels and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in a Sample of Obese Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayera E. Hassan ◽  
Sahar A. El-Masry ◽  
Rokia A. El Banna ◽  
Mones M. Abu Shady ◽  
Muhammad Al-Tohamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

BACKGROUND: Association between vitamin D, adiponectin and obesity is a matter of debate, as they play important role in linking obesity with different cardio metabolic risk factors.AIM: Evaluation of association between metabolic risk factors with both adiponectin and 25-Hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and that between adiponectin and [25(OH) D] among obese Egyptian children.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This case-control cross sectional study consisted of 65 obese and 30 healthy children, aged 8-11 years. 25(OH) D, serum adiponectin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were measured.RESULTS: The mean 25(OH)D and adiponectin levels in the obese were lower than that in control group (?<0.000). 25(OH)D were inversely correlated with body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. While adiponectin level were inversely correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. However, there is no relation between 25(OH) D and adiponectin levels among obese children and total sample.CONCLUSION: Inspite of strong association between vitamin D and adiponectin levels with metabolic risk factors and obesity, there is no relation between 25(OH)D and adiponectin levels. In obese children, There are significant negative correlations between 25(OH)D with lipid profile, and between adiponectin levels with blood pressure.

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