scholarly journals Measurement Invariance Analysis on the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale in a U.S. and Japanese College Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-394
Author(s):  
Saki C. Nakai ◽  
Regan A. R. Gurung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Configural Invariance

In the present study, we tested the factor structure of the 20-item Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (RCBS; Cheek & Melichor, 1985) in a U.S. sample and used measurement invariance analysis to explore its cross-cultural validity in a previously collected Japanese sample (Sato et al., 2018). We additionally measured related personality traits (Big Five; Locus of Control, LOC; and Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System, BIS/BAS) to examine whether each predicted shyness. Participants were undergraduate students in the United States (N = 525) and Japan (N = 508). Exploratory factor analysis (n = 261) revealed a unidimensional structure for shyness to be the best fit. Measurement invariance analysis (n = 256 for United States) showed that the RCBS did not establish configural invariance, the weakest level in measurement invariance, suggesting that it may not be a cross-culturally valid and reliable tool to assess shyness. We thus did not perform any cross-cultural comparisons of variables, as initially intended. Results from a hierarchical multiple regression in the U.S. sample foundextraversion to negatively predict shyness, β = −.59, p < .001, and neuroticism, β = .18, p < .001, LOC (external), β = .14, p < .001, and BIS, β = .19, p < .001, to positively predict shyness. Gender was not a significant predictor, β = .09, p = .075. Future work may focus on the development of a Japanese shyness measure independent from U.S. conceptualizations to improve the cross-cultural validity and reliability of shyness measures.

How Universal Is a Construct of Loneliness? Measurement Invariance of the UCLA Loneliness Scale in Indonesia, Germany, and the United States

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110345
Author(s):  
Joevarian Hudiyana ◽  
Tania M. Lincoln ◽  
Steffi Hartanto ◽  
Muhammad A. Shadiqi ◽  
Mirra N. Milla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
The One

The UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-20) and its short version (ULS-8) are widely used to measure loneliness. However, the question remains whether or not previous studies using the scale to measure loneliness are measuring the construct equally across countries. The present study examined the measurement invariance (MI) of both scales in Germany, Indonesia, and the United States ( N = 2350). The one-, two-, and three-factor structure of the ULS-20 did not meet the model fit cut-off criteria in the total sample. The ULS-8 met the model fit cut-off criteria and has configural, but not metric invariance because two items unrelated to social isolation were not MI. The final six items (ULS-6) exclusively related to social isolation had complete MI. Participants from the United States scored highest in the ULS-6, followed by participants from Germany and then Indonesia. We conclude that the ULS-6 is an appropriate measure for cross-cultural studies on loneliness.

Cross-Cultural Validity of the Ruminative Responses Scale in Argentina and the United States

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernán G. Arana ◽  
Kenneth G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
Group Self ◽  
Brooding And Reflection ◽  
The U.S

Although frequently used in the United States, the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) has not been extensively studied in cross-cultural samples. The present study evaluated the factor structure of Treynor et al.’s 10-item version of the RRS in samples from Argentina ( N = 308) and the United States ( N = 371). In addition to testing measurement invariance between the countries, we evaluated whether the maladaptive implications of rumination were weaker for the Argentinians than for the U.S. group. Self-critical perfectionism was the criterion in those tests. Partial scalar invariance supported an 8-item version of the RRS. There were no differences in factor means or factor correlations in RRS dimensions between countries. Brooding and Reflection were positively correlated with self-critical perfectionism in both countries, with no significant differences in the sizes of these relations between the two samples. Results are discussed in terms of psychometric and cross-cultural implications for rumination.

Culture, Gender, and Assessment of Fear of Fatness

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Ambwani ◽  
Cortney S. Warren ◽  
David H. Gleaves ◽  
Antonio Cepeda-Benito ◽  
Mari Carmen Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
American Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fear Of Fat

To understand the relevance of the fear of fatness construct across culture and gender, we translated the Goldfarb Fear of Fat Scale (GFFS) and examined its psychometric properties in English and Spanish languages in a sample of Euro-American male (n = 111) and female (n = 100), and Spanish male (n = 114) and female (n = 544) college students in the United States and Spain. Confirmatory and exploratory analyses tested the measurement equivalence of the instrument across samples by gender and culture. Eight of the 10 items appeared to demonstrate measurement invariance. Mean comparisons on the eight-item version suggested that there was a gender by country interaction, with Euro-American women scoring substantially higher than the three other groups. Overall, these results highlight the need for additional examinations of cross-cultural instrument invariance and explorations of the fear of fatness construct.

scholarly journals Measuring (Non)Essentialist Beliefs About the Process of Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Weiss ◽  
Manfred Diehl
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Objectives We validated an aging mindset measure that captures beliefs about the process of aging. Specifically, we introduce a brief 4-item and an extended 10-item measure assessing (non)essentialist beliefs about aging. Methods We report findings from one longitudinal and one cross-cultural study, including young, middle-aged, and older adults between 18 and 88 years. The studies established (retest) reliability and measurement invariance as well as convergent and discriminant validity of the measures. Results First, in a longitudinal study (N = 124, 50–84 years) including 4 measurement occasions, we showed that the 4-item scale assessing (non)essentialist beliefs about aging has good retest reliability and convergent as well as discriminant validity (e.g., awareness of age-related change). Second, in a large cross-cultural sample (N = 1,080, 18–82 years) of participants in the United States and Germany, we established an extended 10-item measure of (non)essentialist beliefs about aging, providing support for a 2-factor structure as well as measurement invariance across samples within and across countries (the United States and Germany), age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults), as well as across men and women. Discussion Our results highlight the importance of distinguishing between fixed versus malleable aging beliefs in research on aging and life-span development.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuzhong Li ◽  
Peter Harmer ◽  
Likang Chi ◽  
Naruepon Vongjaturapat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Ego Orientation ◽  
Metric Invariant ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Mean Differences

It is becoming increasingly important to determine whether structural models of measures of sport and activity behavior developed in North America are invarant across different populations. This study assessed (a) the cross-cultural validity of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) using male college students across the United States (n = 309), Thailand (n = 312), and Taiwan (n = 307); and (b) the factorial equivalence and structured latent mean differences of the TEOSQ in these samples. Using a confirmatory factor analytic procedure, the initial test of the hypothesized two-factor structure representing task and ego orientation yielded a good fit for each sample. The factor structure was further shown to be metric invariant across the three countries. Furthermore, tests of latent means showed significant differences between groups. The United States sample exhibited the highest levels of task and ego orientation, followed by the Taiwan and Thailand samples, respectively.

scholarly journals Development, Construct Validity, and Measurement Invariance of the Parasocial Relationship With Political Figures (PSR-P) Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moh Abdul Hakim ◽  
James H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Parasocial Relationship

Abstract. Parasocial theory views ordinary people’s emotional bonding with political figures as a form of parasocial relationship (PSR). Despite the insights it offers, existing measures of PSR have been criticized conceptually and psychometrically. We developed a new scale of PSR with political figures (PSR-P) and examined the construct validity, factor replicability, and measurement invariance based on samples from culturally and politically diverse countries (i.e., Indonesia, New Zealand, and the United States). In three studies using a panel of experts ( N = 20; Study 1), a convenience adult sample ( N = 212; Study 2), and representative and cross-cultural samples ( N = 897; Study 3), we found that the four-item PSR-R scale provides satisfying construct validity, as well as a replicable factor structure and scalar invariance across countries. The PSR-P scale can be utilized to advance the measurement and application of parasocial theory in the field of social and political psychology. The policy implications of the findings are also discussed.

A Cross-Cultural Study of Calling and Life Satisfaction in the United States and South Korea

2019 ◽  
pp. 089484531988210
Author(s):  
Jina Ahn ◽  
Hye-Weon Kim ◽  
Jee-Yon Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Work Volition

This study examined how a career calling is linked to life satisfaction among undergraduate students in the United States and South Korea. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the mediating role of core self-evaluations, work volition, and work hope on the calling-satisfaction link. Supporting prior research, perceiving a calling was positively correlated with life satisfaction in both groups. However, we found that work volition was a dominant mediator for South Koreans, whereas work hope was a significant mediator for Americans. These findings suggest that a sense of calling links to well-being, but the underlying mechanism of how a calling beneficially functions may differ across culture and situational contexts. Practical implications are suggested for each group and recommendations are provided for further cross-cultural research.

scholarly journals Measurement Invariance of Three Narcissism Questionnaires Across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Eunike Wetzel ◽  
Felix J. Lang ◽  
Mitja D. Back ◽  
Michele Vecchione ◽  
Radoslaw Rogoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Pathological Narcissism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Pathological Narcissism Inventory ◽  
The U.S

With a recent surge of research on narcissism, narcissism questionnaires are increasingly being translated and applied in various countries. The measurement invariance of an instrument across countries is a precondition for being able to compare scores across countries. We investigated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of three narcissism questionnaires (Brief Pathological Narcissism Inventory [B-PNI], Narcissistic Personality Inventory [NPI], and Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire [NARQ]) and mean-level differences across samples from the United States ( N = 2,464), the United Kingdom ( N = 307), and Germany ( N = 925). Overall, the B-PNI and NARQ functioned equivalently for the U.S. and U.K. participants. More violations of measurement invariance were found between Germany and the combined U.S. and U.K. samples, and for the NPI. In the B-PNI and NARQ, Americans scored higher than individuals from the United Kingdom regarding agentic aspects (self-sacrificing self-enhancement, admiration), while Germans scored lower than both Americans and U.K. individuals regarding antagonistic (entitlement rage, rivalry) and neurotic (hiding the self, contingent self-esteem) aspects. More inconsistent results were found for NPI facets. When noninvariance was present, observed means yielded biased results. Thus, the degree of measurement invariance across translated instrument versions should be considered in cross-cultural comparisons, even with culturally similar countries.

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