scholarly journals Pengaruh Kualitas dan Kuantitas Pakan (Daun Bawang) terhadap Kejadian Polimorfisme Warna pada Larva Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
LATIZIO BENI DA COSTA CRUZ ◽  
I WAYAN SUPARTHA ◽  
I WAYAN SUSILA
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Color Polymorphism ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The Effect of Feed (Onion Leaves) on the Event of Color Polymorphism on Larvae Spodoptera exigua HUBNER (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Color polymorphism is a form of color difference that appears morphologically and genetically in the same insect species. The existence of these changes in shape has to do with the defense mechanism of the species concerned for disguise, avoiding natural enemies and adjusting to the new environment. The occurrence of color polymorphism is often found in S. exigua larvae that attack the onion crop in the field. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the quality and quantity of feed (onion) on the color changes of S. exigua larvae. This research was carried out in the laboratory using adaptation test method and comparative test with randomized block design. The results of the study show that decreasing the quality and quantity of feed (onion) encourages color changes from green to dark. In addition, green to dark color changes are also triggered by the developmental phase of the larvae. The development of larvae from the 3rd instar phase has shown symptoms of color change from green to dark even though the quantity and quality of the food is fulfilled.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RESIN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN WARNA PADA CAT TEMBOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Nurlela Nurlela ◽  
Risnawati Risnawati
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Polyvinyl Acetate ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Synthetic Resins ◽  
Color Background

The Influence of Resin against the Change of Color on the Wall PaintThe quality of the paint is determined by the resin used. Synthetic resins for polymer paints are made by combining several monomers to achieve various characteristics. The incorporation of some monomers such as polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic vinyl resin and acrylic styrene resin which act as a binder can affect the quality of the paint especially the color change. The purpose of this study is to find the color changes that occur on the wall paint by using Poly Styrene Acrylic , Poly Vinyl Acetate and Poly Vinyl Acrylic. From the results of the measurement of color difference, significant color change occurs in the Poly Vinyl Acetate (PVAc) + Poly Vinyl Acrylic (PVA) and Poly Styrene Acrylic (PSA). The results of the quality test of the three resins based on pH test, scrub test and viscosity test, PSA has better quality compared to PVA + PVAc and PVA resin. From the color difference measurement test, some things need to be considered, are temperature, film thickness, substrate color/background color and measurement conditions (measured in wet sample/in plate/dry surface) and test on resin added additive according to the type of each resin.Keywords: Paint, Resin, Color Changes, Poly Vinyl Acetate, Poly Styrene.ABSTRAK Kualitas dari cat sangat ditentukan oleh resin yang digunakan. Resin sintetis untuk cat berupa polimer yang dibuat dengan menggabung beberapa monomer untuk mencapai berbagai karakteristik. Penggabungan dari beberapa monomer seperti resin poli vinil asetat, resin vinil akrilik dan resin stirena akrilik yang berfungsi sebagai pengikat mampu mempengaruhi kualitas cat terutama dari perubahan warna. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan warna yang terjadi pada cat tembok dengan menggunakan Poli Stirena Akrilik, Poli Vinil asetat dan Poli Vinil Akrilik. Dari hasil pengukuran perbedaan warna, perubahan warna cukup signifikan terjadi pada resin Poli vinil Asetat (PVAc) + Poli Vinil Akrilik (PVA) dan resin  Poli Stirena Akrilik (PSA). Hasil uji Kualitas cat dari ketiga resin berdasarkan uji pH, uji scrub dan uji viscositas, PSA memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan resin PVA+PVAc dan PVA. Dari pengujian pengukuran perbedaan warna, beberapa hal yang perlu di perhatikan, yaitu suhu, film thickness, warna substrat/background color dan kondisi pengukuran (diukur dalam keadaan wet sample/dalam bentuk plate/dry surface) dan pengujian terhadap resin yang ditambahkan zat aditif yang sesuai dengan tipe masing-masing resin tersebut.Kata Kunci: Cat, Resin, Perubahan Warna, Poli Vinil, Poli Stirena.

scholarly journals Assessment of changes in color and color parameters of light-cured composite resin after alternative polymerization methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Sirin Karaarslan ◽  
Bulbul Mehmet ◽  
Ertas Ertan ◽  
Mehmet Ata Cebe ◽  
Aslihan Usumez
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Color Change

ABSTRACTObjective:To examine the amount of change in color and color parameters of a composite resin (Filtek P60) polymerized by five different polymerization methods.Methods: A Teflon mold (6mm in diameter, 2mm in height) was used to prepare the composite resin discs (n=10). G1: Polymerization with inlay oven; G2: Polymerization with HQTH and autoclave; G3: Polymerization with LED and autoclave; G4: Polymerization with HQTH; G5: Polymerization with LED. Colorimetric values of the specimens before and after polymerization were measured using a spectrophotometer. The CIE L*a*b color system was used for the determination of color difference. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data for significant differences. Tukey’s HSD test and paired two-tailed tests were used to perform multiple comparisons (α=.05).Results: There were no significant differences in total color change (ΔE*ab) among the polymerization groups (P>.05). However, the lowest color change (ΔE*ab) value was 3.3 in LED and autoclave; the highest color change (ΔE*ab) value was 4.6 in HQTH. For all groups, CIE L*, C*ab and a*values decreased after polymerization (P<.05). The highest Δb* and ΔC*ab values were observed in specimens polymerized in an inlay oven (P<.05).Conclusion: Composite resin material showed color changes above the clinically accepted value in all study groups (ΔE*ab≥3.3). All specimens became darker during investigation (ΔL*< 0). Specimens polymerized with inlay oven presented the highest Δb* values which means less yellow color in specimens. (Eur J Dent 2013;7:110-116)

scholarly journals Evaluation of staining and color changes of a resin infiltration system

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 900-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Leland ◽  
Sercan Akyalcin ◽  
Jeryl D. English ◽  
Eser Tufekci ◽  
Rade Paravina
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Point Pair ◽  
Resin Infiltration ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the staining and color changes of a resin infiltrant system used for management of white spot lesions (WSLs). Materials and Methods: WSLs were artificially created on left buccal halves of 48 extracted human teeth. These sites were then treated with resin infiltration (RI) while the right halves of the teeth remained as nonresin (NRI) areas. Six groups were formed (n = 8 teeth/group) and were exposed to the following: red wine, coffee, orange juice, combined staining agents, accelerated aging, and distilled water for 1 week. The teeth were then polished with a prophy cup and polishing paste. Color properties were assessed using a spectrophotometer at baseline (T0), after each exposure (T1), and after polishing (T2). Color difference (ΔE*) was calculated between each time point for both halves of the teeth (RI and NRI). Data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance with presence of resin infiltration and staining agents as the main effects for each time point pair. Multiple comparisons were made with a Bonferroni post hoc test. The level of significance was set at P &lt; .05. Results: The red wine and combined staining agent groups caused the greatest color change between all intervals (P &lt; .05). Significant interactions were recorded between resin infiltration application and staining agents at all time periods (P &lt; .05). The presence of resin infiltration as a main effect did not affect color change between T0 and T2 (P &gt; .05). Conclusions: RI areas showed higher staining susceptibility than did NRI areas. However, prophylaxis had a strong effect on reversing the discoloration of both RI and NRI areas.

Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Color of Okan Wood

2011 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Shi ◽  
Fu Cheng Bao ◽  
Jian Xiong Lu ◽  
Jing Hui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Treatment Temperature ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Color System ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

In this study the effect of high temperature on color change of okan wood was investigated. Wood specimens were subjected to heat treatment at 160°C, 180°C,200°C,220°Cfor 4 hours with the superheated steam as a heating medium and a shielding gas. Color changes were measured in the Minolta Croma-Meter CR-300 color system. The color parameters L*, a*, b* were determined by the CIEL*a*b* method on the surface of untreated and treated wood, and their variation with regard to the treatment (△L*,△a*,△b* ) were calculated. It was found that heat treatment resulted in a darkening of wood tissues, Color became dark with the temperature increases. The darkening accelerated when treatment temperature exceeded approximately 200°C. We found that heat treatment temperature were substantially important regarding the color responses. Strong correlations between total color difference and the treatment temperature were found. The effect of treatment temperature on color change in sapwood is more obvious than that in heartwood, the color of sapwood and heartwood tended to be more uniform when the temperature reaches more than 200°C.

scholarly journals The Influence of Drying Temperature on Color Change of Hornbeam and Maple Wood Used as Surface and Inner Layers of Wood Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10673
Author(s):  
Ivan Klement ◽  
Peter Vilkovský ◽  
Tatiana Vilkovská ◽  
Kazimierz A. Orłowski ◽  
Jacek Barański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Wood Composites ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Color Coordinates ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Total Color Difference

The thermal treatment of wood changes its structure due to the degradation of wood polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), so the physical properties of wood are either improved or degraded. Color changes apply not only to natural wood, but also to such wood composites for which some amount of glue is used in their construction (e.g., plywood, blockboard or laminboard). This article is focused on the analysis of hornbeam and field maple wood color changes influenced by drying temperature. Two types of drying modes were used: hot-air mode where the temperature of the drying environment was 60 °C, and high-temperature mode with a drying temperature of 120 °C. The drying mode was divided into two phases depending on the moisture content of the wood. The compared woods had similar values of color coordinates at the beginning of drying. During hot-air drying, the largest changes in color coordinates occurred during the first 24 h. The total color difference between the color at the end and the beginning of drying was 7.3 for hornbeam and 11.1 for maple. The overall color difference between the compared woods was minimal. During high-temperature drying (120 °C), the color changes of the dried woods were more pronounced. In the case of maple wood, there was a very significant change in color and the value of ΔE* was twice as high as for hornbeam. The total color difference between the color at the end and at the beginning of drying was 8.7 for hornbeam and 18.9 for maple.

scholarly journals Color Characteristics of Red False Heartwood and Mature Wood of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Determining by Different Chromacity Coordinates

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Klement ◽  
Tatiana Vilkovská
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Saturated Color ◽  
Different Color

Structure of wood can affect intensity of color change in remarkable ways. This article was focused on the analysis of the color changes red false heartwood and mature wood by different methods such as ΔE* (Total color difference), h* (Hue angle), C*ab (Color saturation) and Sab (Saturation). The aim of this study was to evaluate the color properties of red false heartwood and mature wood by using different chromacity coordinates. Our observations suggested that the density in the absolute dry state was equal between the red false heartwood and mature wood. The biggest difference was in the area of the free water domain, thus from an initial MC value to the fiber saturation point (FSP). The shorter drying time of the red false heartwood samples was caused by their lower initial MC. Due to the different MC, the temperature created a different color intensity of the compared samples. Mature wood samples achieved more saturated color in the drying process than did the samples of red false heartwood.

scholarly journals Effects of Mouth Rinses on Color Stability of Resin Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Celik ◽  
Bulem Yuzugullu ◽  
Selim Erkut ◽  
Kıvanc Yamanel
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3 commercially available mouth rinses on the color stability of 4 different resin-based composite restorative materials.Methods: Forty disc-shaped specimens (10x2 mm) were prepared from each of the following materials: A nanofill composite Filtek Supreme XT (3M/Espe, St. Paul, MN, USA); a packable lowshrinkage composite, AeliteLS Packable (BISCO, Inc, Shaumburg, IL, USA); nanoceramic compositeresin Ceram-X (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany); a microhybrid composite, and Aelite All-Purpose Body (BISCO). The specimens were then incubated in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The baseline color values (L*, a*, b*) of each specimen were measured with a colorimeter according to the CIELAB color scale. After baseline color measurements, 10 randomly selected specimens from each group were immersed in 1 of the 3 mouth rinses and distilled water as control. The specimens were stored in 20 mL of each mouth rinse (Oral B Alcohol-free, Listerine Tooth Defense Anti-cavity Fluoride Rinse and Klorhex) for 12 hours. After immersion, the color values of all specimens were remeasured, and the color change value ΔE*ab was calculated. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance at a significance level of .05.Results: All specimens displayed color changes after immersion, and there was a statistically significant difference among restorative materials and mouth rinses (P<.05); however, the change was not visually perceptible (ΔE*ab<3.3). The interaction between the effect of mouth rinses and type of restorative materials was not statistically significant (P>.05).Conclusions: It may be concluded that although visually nonperceptible, all resin restorative materials tested showed a color difference after immersion in different mouth rinses. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:247-253)

scholarly journals Effect of Different Polishing Systems and Drinks on the Color Stability of Resin Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil Gurgan ◽  
Asll Berber ◽  
Filiz Yalcin Cakir ◽  
Meserret Baseren
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cherry Juice

ABSTRACT Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of resin composit using different finishing systems and drinks. Materials and methods Composit disks (5 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) were prepared for each nanofilled composite using a brass mold. The specimens were divided into 5 finishing system groups Mylar strip (Mylar, DuPont, Wilmington, Del., USA), Soft Lex (3M™ ESPE™ St. Paul, MN, USA), Enhance (Dentsply-DeTrey GmbHD Konstanz, Germany), Hiluster (KerrHawe, Bioggio, Switzerland), Opti Disc (KerrHawe, Bioggio, Switzerland) and each group was divided into 10 subgroups (n = 10) and stored for 24 hours at 37°C in different drinks water coffee, coffee with sugar, tea, tea with sugar, diet coke, coke, light sour cherry juice or sour cherry juice. Color of all specimens was measured before and after exposure with a spectrophotometer using CIE L*a*b* relative, and color changes (ΔE*) were then calculated. The data were analyzed with a twoway analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean values were compared by the Tukey HSD test (p = 0.05). Results For the drinks, the lowest ΔE* values were observed in the water and highest ΔE* values were observed in sour cherry juice. When drinks with and without sugar were compared, all groups with sugar demonstrated a higher color difference than without sugar. For the different finishing systems, Mylar strip group demonstrated signicantly highest color change; Enhance groups demonstrated signicantly lowest color change. Conclusion Finishing treatments and storage solutions significantly affect the color stability of resin composite. The presence of sugar in drinks increased the color difference compared to drinks without composit. Clinical significance Polishing techniques and drinking drinks with sugar may affect the color of esthetic restorations. How to cite this article Berber A, Cakir FY, Baseren M, Gurgan S. Effect of Different Polishing Systems and Drinks on the Color Stability of Resin Composite. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14(4):662-667.

scholarly journals Effect of colorant solutions on the color stability of provisional prosthetic materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ítalo Alisson da Fonsêca Costa ◽  
Emilena Maria Castor Xisto Lima
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Prosthetic Materials ◽  
Acrylic Resins

Aim: To evaluate the color stability of acrylic and bis-acrylic resins after immersion in 3 staining solutions. Methods: Forty-eight samples (10 x 2 mm) of each provisional restorative material (Duralay, Dencrilay, Structur 2 and Protemp 4) were fabricated and distributed into four groups (n = 12): G1 – distilled water (control group); G2 – a cola flavored soft drink; G3 – wine and G4 – coffee. The specimens were immersed for seven days at 37°C in the solutions, which were changed every 24 hours. The color of all specimens was measured with a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade Advance) before (T0) and after immersion (T1), and the color changes (ΔE) were calculated. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, followed by Dunn’s test with a significance level of 5%. Results: For the acrylic resins (Duralay and Dencrilay), the largest color change values were obtained in group G4 – coffee, whereas in the bis-acrylic resins (Protemp 4 and Structur 2), the largest color difference was observed in groups G3 – wine and G4 – coffee. The acrylic resins showed statistically significantly less color change than the bis-acrylic resins. Conclusions: The coffee and the wine promoted larger color changes in the provisional prosthetic materials tested in this study. The acrylic resins showed more color stability than the bis-acrylic resins.

INFLUENCE OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON COLOUR PROPERTIES OF DRY POTATO PUREE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.М. ПОЧИЦКАЯ ◽  
Ю.Ф. РОСЛЯКОВ ◽  
В.В. ЛИТВЯК ◽  
Н.В. КОМАРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Colour Properties ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mashed Potatoes

Предложен способ оценки изменения цвета, основанный на обработке цифровых фотоизображений до и после температурно-временных воздействий. На основе полученных характеристик цветового пространства red–green–blue (RGB) был рассчитан показатель цветового различия ДE. Установлено, что с увеличением температуры термообработки образцов резко (на 50–80%) увеличивается значение цветовой разницы. При температуре 120°С значение цветовой разницы меняется незначительно и не превышает 15 единиц даже после 2-часового температурного воздействия. Однако при повышении температуры до 180–210°С цветовая разница за первые 10 мин увеличивается существенно и после 60 мин нагревания меняется незначительно. Проведенная оценка изменения цвета сухого картофельного пюре показала, что предлагаемый метод позволяет количественно оценить изменения цветовых характеристик продукта. Данная методика является чувствительной и более точной и дает возможность оценить не воспринимаемые человеком изменения цвета. Установлено следующее: контролируя температуру и длительность процесса нагревания, можно достичь желаемого цвета для сухого картофельного пюре, что напрямую влияет на его органолептические характеристики и потребительские свойства. A method for estimating the color change based on the processing of digital photo images before and after the temperature-time effects are proposed. Based on the received characteristics of the red–green–blue (RGB) color space, the color difference ДE was calculated. It is established that with increasing heat treatment temperature of the samples, the value of the color difference is sharply increased (by 50–80%). At a temperature of 120°C, the value of the color difference varies insignificantly and does not exceed 15 units even after a 2-hour exposure to temperature. However, with an increase in temperature 180–210°C, the color difference for the first 10 min increases substantially and after 60 minutes of heating changes insignificantly. The evaluation of the color change of dry mashed potatoes showed that the proposed method allows quantitative assessment of changes in color characteristics, is sensitive and more accurate, gives an opportunity to assess the color changes not perceived by a person. The received results demonstrate that controlling the temperature and duration of the heating process, it is possible to obtain the desired color of dry mashed potatoes, which is important, since color directly affects the organoleptic characteristics and consumer properties.

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