scholarly journals Studi Analisa Pengaruh Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) terhadap Rugi-Rugi, Efisiensi, dan Kapasitas Kerja Transformator pada Penyulang Kerobokan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
I Putu Adi Wirajaya ◽  
I Wayan Rinas ◽  
I Wayan Sukerayasa
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Direct Measurement Method ◽  
Electrical Loads

Kerobokan feeder supply electrical energy in the area of Kerobokan. This feeder supplies 67 distribution transformers that serve a variety of customers with nonlinier electrical loads. Nonlinier electrical loads cause harmonics which adversely affect customers and power system equipment, especially distribution transformers. In Kerobokan feeder, only 3 (4.5%) of the 67 transformers has THDi content that according with the IEEE 519-2014 standard and 64 (95.5%) of the 67 transformers has a high THDi content and exceed the IEEE 519-2014 standard. For this reason, the power losses, efficiency, and work capacity of the transformer are analyzed due to the effect of THDi. This study uses a direct measurement method in all transformers in the Kerobokan feeder and simulation on the ETAP Powerstation program. The results of the analysis showed that total power losses without being affected by THDi for all transformers were 49.4 kW and after being affected by THDi were 591.71 kW. The highest THDi content is in the KA 0992 transformer is 24.8% which results in an increased in power losses is 12.02 kW or 12.02% of its capacity and a decreased in efficiency is 12.66% and has a decreased in work capacity is 19.9%. While the smallest THDi content is found in the DB 449 transformer is 6.8% which results in an increased in power losses is 2.2 kW or 0.88% of its capacity and a decreased efficiency is 1.01% and has a decreased in work capacity is 2.7%.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PENEMPATAN KAPASITOR BANK UNTUK PERBAIKAN RUGI DAYA PADA PENYULANG SABA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
I. K. A. Wijaya ◽  
R. S. Hartati ◽  
I W. Sukerayasa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Network Reconfiguration ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Capacitor Banks ◽  
Distribution Transformers

Saba feeder is a feeder who supplies 78 distribution transformers with feeder length 38,959 kms, through this Saba feeder electrical energy is channeled radially to each distribution substation. In 2017 the voltage shrinkage at Saba feeder was 9.88% (18,024 kV) while the total power loss was 445.5 kW. In this study an attempt was made to overcome the voltage losses and power losses using the method of optimizing bank capacitors with genetic algorithms and network reconfiguration. The best solution obtained from this study will be selected for repair of voltage losses and power losses in Saba feeders. The results showed that by optimizing bank capacitors using genetic algorithms, the placement of capacitor banks was placed on bus 23 (the channel leading to the BB0024 transformer) and successfully reduced the power loss to 331.7 kW. The network reconfiguration succeeded in fixing the voltage on the Saba feeder with a voltage drop of 4.75% and a total power loss of 182.7 kW. With the combined method, reconfiguration and optimization of bank capacitors with genetic algorithms were obtained on bus 27 (channel to transformer BB0047) and managed to reduce power losses to 143 kW.

scholarly journals Consensus Based Economic Dispatch including System Power Losses

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.8) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
K. Naga Tejaswini ◽  
G. Kesava Rao
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Economic Dispatch ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Heuristic Methods ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
System Power

Economic dispatch (ED) is an important class of optimization problem in Power System Operation. As both conventional and heuristic methods to solve EDP are centrally controlled, which may leads to some performance limitations, a Consensus based distributed algorithm is proposed in this paper to solve Economic Dispatch with inclusion of losses. Earlier, some papers dealt with the consensus based methods to solve Economic dispatch, but here in this paper the losses are included and the variation of losses at each iteration are also used to update the mismatch, which has some major prominence in the present day Power system environment. In this paper, the mismatch between load demand and total power generation is collectively learnt by the each generator, unlike the centralized approach, through the strongly connected communication network. MATLAB results in IEEE 6-bus system validate the potency and efficacy of the proposed technique

scholarly journals Optimization of Nigerian Power System Distribution using Distributed Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3618-3622
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
The State ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Distribution Company ◽  
Enugu State

The main aim of this paper is to enhance the performance of power system distribution in Enugu State Nigeria using distributed Generation System. The main function of power system distribution is to transfer electrical energy to the consumers, while maintaining an acceptable reliability and voltage quality to all customers. It is sad to know that such services is lacking from the Electrical distribution company at Enugu State Nigeria. This paper proposed to setup a centralized plants distributing electricity within the state through Distributed Generation (DG). The implemented DG was abletoreducethe Power Loss from the transmissiona n d distribution stations within the state and also improve voltage profile. The author was able to optimize the power generationfrom wind Energy source to the Distribution network and the DG system was able tostabilize the network by normalizing the fluctuating voltage profile at the distribution end of power system. In order to achieve that, the power system network wasmodeled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The results of the simulation with DG system and without DG system were compared. The result from power Network without DG shows instability of perunit voltage between 0 to 5 seconds and while that from DG system shows stabilization per-unit voltage between 5 to 10 seconds. The total power system Loss without DG system was 2350KW while the power loss with DG system was 1883KW. Hence, the percentage of power system improvement was 11.03%. Therefore from the results, there is reduction of power Loss when DG is applied in the power system.

scholarly journals Analisa Kualitas Daya Listrik Pada Gardu Distribusi Universitas Khairun

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ramly Rasyid ◽  
Miftah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Telecommunication System ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
System Power ◽  
Very High

The large number of applications of nonlinear loads in the electric power system has made the system current very distorted with a very high percentage of current harmonic content, THD (total harmonic distortion) can damage the power factor compensation capacitor, making the system power factor worse, causing interference. to the telecommunication system, increase system losses, cause various kinds of damage to sensitive electrical equipment, all of which cause the use of electrical energy to be ineffective which results in poor power quality. In this study, the collection of data obtained was based on methods such as the following, namely the measurement method. This measurement method measures the harmonic voltages and currents caused by non-linear loads.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF HYBRID PSOGA FOR OPTIMAL LOCATION OF SVC TO IMPROVE VOLTAGE STABILITY OF POWER SYSTEM

2013 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
R. KALAIVANI ◽  
V. KAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Load Voltage ◽  
Voltage Instability ◽  
Voltage Deviation

Due to huge increase in power demand, modern power system networks are being operated under highly stressed conditions. This has resulted into the difficulty in meeting reactive power requirement and maintaining the bus voltage within acceptable limits. Voltage instability in the system occurs in the form of a progressive decay in voltage magnitude at some of the buses. The problems of voltage instability and voltage collapse are the major concerns in the operation of power system. It is very important to do the power system analysis with respect to voltage stability. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device in a power system improves the stability, enhances the voltage stability margin and reduces the power losses. Identification of location of FACTS device in the power system is very important task. Research is carried out to investigate application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and hybrid PSOGA to find optimal location and rated value of SVC device to minimize the voltage stability index, total power loss, load voltage deviation, cost of generation and cost of FACTS device to improve voltage stability in the power system. Optimal location and rated value of SVC device have been found for different loading scenario using PSO, GA and PSOGA. It is observed from the results that the voltages stability margin is improved, voltage profile of the power system is increased, load voltage deviation is reduced and real power losses also reduced by optimally locating SVC device in the power system. The proposed algorithm is verified with IEEE 14 bus and 30 bus power systems.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Inrush Current in Three Phase Power Transformer by Prefluxing Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S) ◽  
pp. 580-585
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Inrush Current ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Transformer Protection ◽  
Controlled Switching ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Electrical Loads ◽  
Wave Switching

Transformers are major component for electrical energy transfer in power system. Sta¬bility and security of the transformer protection are important to system operation. At the time of transformer energization, a high current will be drawn by the transformer. The mentioned current is called transient inrush current and it may rise to ten times the nominal full load current of transformer during operation. Energization transients can produce me-chanical stress to the transformer, cause protection system malfunction and it often affects the power system quality and may disrupt the operation of sensitive electrical loads such as computers and medical equipment connected to the system. Re¬duction and the way to control of energization transient currents have become im-portant concerns to the power industry for engineers. One of the methods to reduce inrush current is use of point on wave switching at the time transformer is initially connected to supply. It is called controlled switching or point-on-wave switching. In the point on wave switching, the energization of three phases is controlled ac-cording to the residual flux which remains in the transformer. Conven¬tionally, controlled switching or point on wave switching was the method being used to counter this problem, but this method required the knowledge of residual fluxes of transformer before energization which is quite tedious to get. So a technique has been pro-posed to mitigate inrush current in three phase transformer, by a process called pre-fluxing. After setting the in-itial fluxes of transformer it is energized by conventional controlled switching. A system of power transformer of specified rating is simulated in MATLAB simulink and results were obtained. This Paper describes the mod-eling of inrush current of 3- phase, 300 MVA, 11/400 KV, 50 Hz transformer, and mitigation of inrush current with both techniques using point on wave switching and prefluxing. The simulation is done in MATLAB..

scholarly journals Optimal Siting of Distributed Generation Unit in Power Distribution System considering Voltage Profile and Power Losses

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aamir Aman ◽  
Xin Cheng Ren ◽  
Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Khan ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Anjum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Power Distribution System

Many underdeveloped countries are facing acute shortage of electric power and short term measures are important to consider to address the problems of power outage, power plant failures, and disaster areas. Distributed generation (DG) is a promising approach for such cases as it allows quick on-site installation and generation of electric power. Injection of DG can improve the system voltage profile and also reduce the system's total power losses. However, the placement and sizing of the DG unit is an optimization problem in the radial distribution system. As a test case, this study examines voltage profile improvement and system power losses for an 11 KV residential feeder at the Abdul Rehman Baba grid station in Pakistan, which is modelled using the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). For various scenarios, several tests are conducted to assess the effects of DG on the distribution system. The results show that proper design considerations of size and location of a DG, to be inserted in to the system, lead to significant reduction in power losses and improvement in voltage profile and thus improvement in the overall efficiency of the power system. The projections of this work can be used to optimize the expansion of a power system and tackling different issues related to voltage profile in distribution sector worldwide.

scholarly journals Harmonics Analysis and Enhancement of Power Quality in Hybrid Photovoltaic and Wind power System for Linear and Nonlinear Load using 3 Levels Inverter

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-307
Author(s):  
Atul Kumar ◽  
Imran Khan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Nonlinear Load

The emergent use of non-conventional energy resources in electrical power grid has initiated new challenge for the service load as concern to voltage balance, power quality issues and effective energy operation. Solar/ wind hybrid RES deliberated as the furthermost promising sources. Nevertheless standalone operations of distributed energy sources such as solar and wind not make sure of reliable power production principally owing to the randomness over the solar irradiance and accessibility of the wind. Hence, a combination of wind and solar energy production configuration can plan a highly reliable source of electrical energy. In This article, multi-level inverter (3 levels inverter) based grid tied hybrid solar- wind energy system based on a 3 level inverter is presented with the mitigation of power quality problems. In this work, analysis on simulation model is conceded to determine source current and voltage and percentage of total harmonic distortion. In particular, the power quality analysis is performed in grid tied hybrid solar and wind electrical power system using 3 level inverter.

Traction Power Systems Reliability Concepts

Joint Rail ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergo Sagareli
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Power Substation ◽  
Energy Deprivation ◽  
Power Systems Reliability ◽  
Traction Power

Reliability of a traction power system may be defined as its ability to continuously supply electrical power of adequate quality during sudden disturbances such as a short circuit or loss of system elements, while operating with a normal scheme configuration, or during scheduled maintenance and repairs, without causing safety hazards, train delays or public nuisance. While the utility power systems’ reliability may be expressed in outage minutes per year (or any other time period), which is calculated as a ratio of customers’ electrical energy deprivation to system’s total power capacity, for a traction power systems’ reliability evaluation, minutes of train delays caused by power interruption or relative values such as delay minutes per passenger-mile may be utilized. Considering the accelerated growth of traction power systems across the US in recent and coming years [1], creation of a reliability council similar to NERC [2] to develop reliability standards within the railroad industry may be highly beneficial: it could pull together statistical data on reliability from different railroads, analyze them, and develop guidelines and recommendations for optimal solutions to provide adequate reliability with the lowest cost possible. IEEE Traction Power Substation Committee and AREMA Committee 33 on Electrical Energy Utilization could initiate and lay groundwork for the creation of such a council. While most of the contingency situations may be predicted and counteracted on the design stage, only the real-life experience is the ultimate test for reliability. That’s why it is so important to keep and analyze records of any outages and contingencies encountered during traction power system operations. Records for these purposes may be provided by Multi-Purpose Relays [3] that become widely used in recently built substations. Classification of voltage events in future Standard may be based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Standard 1159-1995 “IEEE Recommended Practice for Monitoring Electric Power Quality” [4], classification of reliability events — according to NERC Planning Standards [2].

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