scholarly journals Material Culture of the Horizon of the 10th Century at the Hillfort near Spitsino Village

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (38) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Kolokolov ◽  
◽  
Ivan S. Prostyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Construction Period ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Main River ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
The Village ◽  
Construction Periods

The article presents the results of research in 2019-2020 of the 10th century settlement on a multi-layered hillfort near the village of Spitsino (4th -5th, 10th centuries). The monument is located at a considerable distance from the main river routes in the region, which excludes its relationship with the Upper Oka section of the Don trade route in the 9th -10th centuries. A significant part of the finds discovered during exploration 2019, are of Northern European origin and date back to the mid. - 2nd half 10th century. There are also a few finds related to steppe antiquities. According to the materials of the excavations, the buildings of two construction periods are identified. The ceramic complex of buildings of the early construction period is represented by fragments of stucco vessels of the Romaine type and redeposited fragments of vessels of the 4th - 5th century. Fragments of early vessels made on a potter's wheel dating from the second half of the 10th century are found in the ceramic complex of the late construction period. Thus, the monument can be attributed to the period of the middle - second half of the 10th century. This period until recently represented a chronological lacuna in the period of Slavic colonization of the region.

scholarly journals ORIGIN OF HEAD CROWNS IN ANCIENT AESTIA AND PRUSSIANS

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
V.I. Kulakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Ancient Society ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
The Baltic

The archaeological material of the south-eastern Baltic States contains several rare specimens of typeset head corollas for the antiquities of the Western Balts. The conclusions obtained as a result of the analysis of the head corollas of the Western Balts of the I-XIV centuries can be presented as follows: 1. Northern European masters at the beginning of our era created their own versions of head wreaths, based on examples of ancient votive wreaths. The latter were used both in triumphal events and at the burial of notable members of ancient society. It remains unclear under what conditions the Scandinavians could adopt the idea of a votive wreath, reworking it in the form of head corollas. 2. In phase B1, individual representatives of the northern tribes appear on Sambia, who brought crowns with them to the Amber Coast as part of the matrimonial "import", which were attached in especially solemn (cult ?) in cases of head covering. 3. In Roman times, head crowns did not find their place in the material culture of the population of the western outskirts of the Baltic world. In the early Middle Ages, through the mediation of master jewelers of south-eastern Europe, the tradition of wearing corollas made using Byzantine traditions spread in the Baltic States. It is possible that these traditions came to the Baltic States with groups of artisans along the Vislin trade route – the ancient Great Amber Road.

The Story of Storyboards from East Sepik, Papua New Guinea

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Martin Soukup ◽  
Dušan Lužný
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Village

This study analyzes and interprets East Sepik storyboards, which the authors regard as a form of cultural continuity and instrument of cultural memory in the post-colonial period. The study draws on field research conducted by the authors in the village of Kambot in East Sepik. The authors divide the storyboards into two groups based on content. The first includes storyboards describing daily life in the community, while the other links the daily life to pre-Christian religious beliefs and views. The aim of the study is to analyze one of the forms of contemporary material culture in East Sepik in the context of cultural changes triggered by Christianization, colonial administration in the former Territory of New Guinea and global tourism.

Ceramic-ware along the Ancient Silk Trade Route—A Short Study of Cross-Cultural Influences on Product Form

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-97
Author(s):  
Ravi Mokashi Punekar ◽  
◽  
Shiva Ji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Product Form ◽  
Ceramic Ware ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Silk Route ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Trading Routes

The exchange of goods and materials by way of trading and exchanges were common in ancient times between India and China via silk route and other trading routes. The movement of people from one place to another brought exchange of not only materials but also techniques and processes and helped to establish their own manufacturing facilities and craftsmanship. This has resulted into a cross-cultural influence over the craft forms as reflected in many resemblances of material culture, annotations and apologies seen in various forms and shapes in multiple domains such as ceramic pottery, glazed pottery, metalware, ship buildings, printing, silk and other fabrics, patterns and motifs etc. Observations of ancient remains from Belitung and artifacts from Indian cities along secondary and tertiary Silk routes, show significant influence in the similarities in techniques, materials, surface treatments, kiln processes, colors, motifs , etc. This paper examines a cross-cultural resemblance of product form factor between Changsha pottery and pots to ceramic ware from eastern parts and metalware from western regions of India like Gujarat and Rajasthan. The spread of Buddhism from India to China and other eastern and south eastern countries during this period must also form a strong reason for this cultural exchange.

The performance of hybrids between Mediterranean and Northern European parents of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerataL.) in a mediterranean type environment

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Knight
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Growth Variation ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Controlled Flowering

Hybrids were produced between seven different parents of Mediterranean origin and two parents of Northern European origin. A special technique of controlled flowering, emasculation, and pollination was used to effect the hybridization. Hybrid plants were grown in undefoliated swards and assessed for cumulative growth, variation in the reproductive phase, tillering, and summer survival. The combining abilities of the parents were estimated for these characters. Hybrids between Mediterranean and Northern European parents were able to respond to summer showers at a time when Mediterranean material was still summer dormant and Northern European material severely affected by dry summer conditions. This out-of-season growth was reflected in the higher yields of the hybrids in the autumn after the main start to the growing season. During midwinter when the Mediterranean material was growing actively the growth of Northern European material ceased and some combinations of Mediterranean and Northern European parents ceased growing. The cessation of growth was attributed to winter dormancy. Plant survival during the summer was 97% for the purely Mediterranean families, 88% for Mediterranean x Northern European families, and 59% for the purely Northern European families. Some of the Mediterranean x Northern European families survived as well as the best Mediterranean families. The potential agricultural value of the Mediterranean x Northern European hybrids and a possible breeding programme with them are discussed.

Sotho Arms and Ammunition in the Nineteenth Century

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Atmore ◽  
Peter Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Combined Operations ◽  
Cattle Raiding ◽  
The Village

Before the difaqane, warfare among the Sotho was usually little more than cattle-raiding. Some attacks were combined operations executed by all the fighting men of a chiefdom, but most were the exploits of a few adventurous individuals. The raiders would each be armed with a bunch of long spears, a knobkerrie and a light oxhide shield, and they would usually approach the enemy's cattle along river beds and through mountain kloofs, relying partly on surprise to achieve their ends. Occasionally the men who were guarding the herds would have prior warning of the attack, in which case they would be specially reinforced and would offer a spirited resistance, but more often they would be taken unawares, and they would then beat a hasty retreat and sound the alarm in the village: all the able-bodied men would thereupon join together in pursuit of the attackers in the hope of recovering their stock as it was being driven away. When the warriors of two chiefdoms clashed, they generally conducted their fighting at a considerable distance from each other, for their spears were more suitable for throwing than for stabbing, and their small shields were not designed to be impenetrable barriers in close conflict but to deflect missiles. If the two groups did come to grips with each other, the spears' bamboo handles could be broken and they could then be used for stabbing, but the most favoured weapon in this situation was the knobkerrie. Desperate battles, however, were rare, and in most of the Sotho's skirmishes their casualties were light.

ii. John Pyel

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 22-36
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Parish Churches ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Village

John Pyel was a Northamptonshire man from the village of Irthling-borough, lying on the upper bank of the River Nene four miles northeast of Wellingborough. Situated on the principal trade route from Northampton to Peterborough, and indeed to the port of King's Lynn, the village was well-placed to transport commercial produce, which in the fourteenth century consisted principally of hides for the leather industry and wool. The surrounding area was also likely to have been rich in cereals and other arable crops. John Pyel inherited a plot of land in the village from his father, John senior, in 1348, and, although by now settled in London, he began from about this date to build up an extensive estate in this part of Northamptonshire. He certainly showed special concern for Irthlingborough. It was at his prompting that Peterborough abbey was granted a licence in 1375 to establish the parish church of St Peter as a college and it was to St Peter's that he granted the remainder of his estate and in its porch that he was to be buried. He also made bequests in his will to both parish churches in the village and provided for thirteen crosses to be set up there and for repairs to the bridge and highways.

Excavation of a homestead of the Roman era at Halangy Down, St. Mary's, Isles of Scilly, 1950

1955 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ashbee
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
West Part ◽  
Neighbouring Island ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The Village

Halangy Down (fig. 1) is the lower precipitous slope of the decline from Telegraph Hill (Ordnance Survey B.M. 166. 3 ft.) to the sea at Halangy Porth and Point. Halangy Down and the earlier chambered tomb upon the crest are often referred to locally as ‘Bants Carn’. The true ‘Bants Carn’ is a considerable rock outcrop dominating Halangy Point. This escarpment faces Crow Sound, which separates the north-west part of St. Mary's from the neighbouring island of Tresco. The hill-side is sheltered by the mass of Telegraph Hill from inclement weather from the north-east and east, but is fully exposed to the south-west and west.The existence of an ancient village site here has long been known in the islands. At the close of the last century, the late Alexander Gibson cleared away the underbrush from one of the more prominent huts and made a photographic record of its construction. Shortly after, the late G. Bonsor, of Mairena del Alcor, near Seville, in addition to excavating the chambered tomb, noted a considerable midden together with traces, of prehistoric occupation exposed in the cliffs of Halangy Porth just below the village site. Dr. H. O'Neill Hencken noted Bonsor's description of the midden, and, as nothing was known at the time of the material culture of the ‘village’, he associated the two.

scholarly journals Typology and Chronology of Akanthian Amphorae

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
Sergey Monakhov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
City State ◽  
The Village

The amphora stamps of the Chalcidian city-state Akanthos were localized a little over 30 years ago due to discovering of ceramic workshops remains, where defective stamped fragments were found. The complete amphorae forms have come to be known quite recently, with a significant part of the findings being attributed to the Black Sea region. Taking into account materials from the Akanthos amphora workshops and numerous findings of vessels in the Akanthian necropolis, it became possible to develop a container typology used in this center and provide a detailed chronology of ceramic containers of this city-state. However, the findings from the Northern Black Sea region are of special significance. They were recovered in well-dated burial and settlement complexes: the Prikubanskiy necropolis, in Olbia, Phanagoria, Gorgippia, Chersonesos, Luzanovka, a kurgan cemetery near the village settlement Bogachevka, etc. While we only know one Akanthian amphora belonging to the 5th century BC, then, for the following 4th century BC within the first – third quarters, at least 4 types of containers are identified within several variants: I-A, I-B, II, III-A, III-B, IV. There are reasons for considering that some samples of amphorae on a “shot glass-shaped” toe (“Mendean”) dating back to the 5th and 4th centuries BC are qualified as Akanthian products. They were manufactured outside of Mende in a number of other centers of Chalkidiki: Scione, Aphytis and Thoron.

scholarly journals TIMUR’S WARRIORS AND FIRST MUSLIMS IN KISCHA VILLAGE: EPIGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF ABU BAKAR-SHEIKH CEMETERY

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-887
Author(s):  
Shamil Sh. Shikhaliev ◽  
Ilona A. Chmilevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
The Village ◽  
Written Sources ◽  
The Way

The article overviews some tombstones of the Abu Bakar-sheikh cemetery (Darg. – Abu Bakar-shaikhla hIyabri), located in the center of the village of Kischa. During the detailed analysis of their styles, shapes, inscriptions, as well as interviews with locals, the authors divided the monuments into two groups according to their characteristic features. The first one is tombstones of Abu Bakar-sheikh’ followers, who after his death remained in the village. The monuments of this group are characterized with artistic variety, rich ornament, and the inscriptions carved on them, mainly written in Kufic script. By analogy with dated steles of the similar design in the Kubachi highlands and the Kaitag-Tabasaran zone, the monuments can be dated from the beginning to the first half of the 15th century. The second group of tombstones located in the same cemetery is distinguished by the lack of decoration and stone processing; the names of the buried have Turkic-Persian roots which is not characteristic of local anthroponymy. By combining these facts, as well as information from written sources and local legends, it was possible to draw a parallel between these burials and Timur's sixth campaign to Dagestan in 1396. The reconstruction of events established that Kischa village, located at the old trade route that connected Kaitag and Zirihgheran with Akusha, Usisha and Mugi villages, was in the way of Timur’s army heading towards Kaitag and Zirihgheran. Upon pillaging the village, timurids suffered some losses, and the only possible place for burring their dead in Kischa was the Muslim cemetery of Abu Bakar-sheikh. Thus, the paper describes the group of tombstones of Timur’s soldiers, which is unique in modern Dagestan.

A taste for art in colonial Queensland: The Queensland Art Gallery Foundational Bequest of Thomas Lodge Murray-Prior

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Kerry Heckenberg
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Art Collecting ◽  
European Origin ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Thomas Lodge

AbstractThis study arose from an encounter with some paintings (still lives, Madonnas and other religious or genre scenes of mainly seventeenth-century Northern European origin) at the Queensland Art Gallery in 2012. They were intriguing because they were part of a bequest by squatter and colonial parliamentarian Thomas Lodge Murray-Prior (1819–92), which formed the nucleus of the original Queensland Art Gallery collection when it opened in 1895. Little is known about them, but they raise questions: What part did they play in the life of the donor? Did he collect them merely to burnish his reputation? Were they hung in a town house or in the bush? How did they enter the collection of the Queensland Art Gallery and what reception did they receive? What subsequent use has been made of them? This article examines the collection and the role it played in Murray-Prior's life, arguing that it is a coherent collection of Northern European art and more than a status symbol. Furthermore, it has much to say about a period that saw the development of art collecting and exhibiting. As such, it is the perfect foundation for an art gallery in colonial Australia.

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