Accounting for non-financial tangible assets: Convergence with IFRS, achievements, challenges, prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 142-165
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Yu. DRUZHILOVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the problems of accounting for non-financial tangible assets associated with the introduction of new FSBU (Russian Federal Accounting Standards) for commercial organizations and non-profit organizations outside the public sector. Objectives. The article aims to study and systematize the impact of the new FSBU regulations on the accounting for non-financial tangible assets, justify the convergence of this accounting with IFRS regulations, identify problems, and justify the prospects for their solution. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of critical analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, and the analogy approach. Results. The article describes the impact of the adoption of the new FSBU on the accounting for non-financial tangible assets, such as inventories, fixed assets, investment real estate, biological assets. It identifies the degree to which this accounting is linked to IFRS regulations, as well as the problems associated with the recognition, evaluation and reflection in the reporting of non-financial tangible assets in the reporting of Russian organizations as a result of the introduction of the new FSBU. The article shows the prospects for solving the problematic aspects of accounting for non-financial tangible assets of Russian organizations. Conclusions and Relevance. The introduction of the new FSBU will help significantly bring the accounting for non-financial tangible assets to IFRS requirements. The introduction of the new FSBU does not eliminate all differences from IFRS requirements in accounting for and reporting of non-financial tangible assets of Russian organizations. Solving the problematic aspects of the introduction of regulations of the new FSBU will contribute to the prospects for further reform of the Russian accounting. The results obtained have both applied and theoretical applications in the field of financial accounting.

Implementation of Federal Accounting Standards – Capital Investments and Fixed Assets – in the internal rules of accounting for fixed assets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1188-1204
Author(s):  
Ol’ga M. KUPRYUSHINA ◽  
Rimma R. RAKHMATULINA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Federal Standard ◽  
Commercial Organizations

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the reflection of capital investments and fixed assets in the accounting (financial) statements of economic entities during the transition to the new domestic (Russian) accounting standards – Fixed Assets and Capital Investments. Objectives. The article aims to reveal the consequences of changes in the current practice of accounting for fixed assets and capital investments in the internal rules of commercial organizations. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of generalization, comparison, primary observation, cost measurement, and grouping. Federal Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards were the basis for methodological justification of changes in the accounting practice of transactions with fixed assets and capital investments. Results. We offer certain records to reflect information on capital investments in the transition to the new Federal Standard – Capital Investments in accounts. We also offer a procedure for classifying low-value fixed assets in the inter-reporting period and a correspondence of accounts reflecting impairment loss on fixed assets. Conclusions and Relevance. The procedure for convergence of domestic accounting standards with International Financial Reporting Standards necessitates the introduction of significant changes in the process of reflecting transactions with fixed assets and capital investments. The modified procedure for reflecting records for accounting for capital investments, low-value fixed assets, losses from impairment of fixed assets in the intra-company rules for accounting for economic entities becomes relevant. The results of the study can be used when accounting for transactions with fixed assets and capital investments of commercial organizations in the practice of financial accounting.

The impact of accounting regulation on non-profit revenue recognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Barragato
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the requirement that non-profit organizations recognize unconditional promises to give as assets and revenues in the year promises are received as mandated by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 116. Design/methodology/approach Using the adoption of SFAS No. 116 and financial information reported on Internal Revenue Service Form 990, the study examines the requirement that non-profit organizations recognize unconditional promises to give as assets and revenues in the year promises are received. Combining insights derived from a model developed by Dechow, Kothari and Watts (1998) with the rationale applied by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in mandating recognition treatment, it adopts the view that information about promises to give is relevant if it useful in assessing probable future cash inflows. The study also employs relative tests of predictive ability to assess competing specifications. Findings The study finds that recognizing unconditional promises to give as assets and as revenues in the year received improves predictions of next period’s cash inflows. It also finds that accrual-based contribution revenue consistently provides information content that is incremental to cash-based contribution revenue. Research limitations/implications This paper has implications for several other lines of research as well. First, an ancillary concern expressed by many organizations in the non-profit sector was that the recognition of multi-year promises to give would adversely affect trends in long-term giving. In this regard, another promising line of inquiry would be to empirically test the Standard’s impact on the time-series properties of contributions and short- and long-term giving trends. Second, future research might consider conducting tests after partitioning by NTEE/NAICS classification, as well as substituting or supplementing the SOI data with financial statement data. Third, future research might consider applying the approach used in this study to other industries or groups for which market prices are not readily ascertainable. Data constraints, including the calculation of cash flow information indirectly from the balance sheet, impose limitations on this study. Practical implications This study documents that by recognizing unconditional promises to give as assets and revenues in the period received, donors, creditors and other users gain useful information about probable future cash inflows – a fundamental element of the accrual process and one of several important factors used to evaluate an organization’s ability to sustain future operations. This information is valuable to stakeholders and practitioners who rely on this information to make informed decisions. It is also helpful to standard setters in establishing guidelines that improve the usefulness of financial reporting for non-profits. Originality/value The paper contributes to existing literature by operationalizing, in a non-profit setting, a model that describes the relationship among revenues, accruals and cash flows. It fills a gap in the accrual literature regarding the relevance of non-profit revenue accruals. The study is the first to employ a relative information content approach to assess non-profit standards, which provides useful input to policy makers and end users. It affirms that many of the key conventions and elements embodied in the FASB Concepts Statements apply to non-profits as well, which heretofore has not been studied extensively. The results are also consistent with Accounting Standards Update 958, Not-for-Profit Entities, which requires that non-profits provide users with information about liquidity, including how they manage liquid resources needed to meet cash requirements for general expenditures within one year of the date of the statement of financial position.

scholarly journals PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN APLIKASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN MASJID YANG AKUNTABEL SESUAI PSAK 45

2019 ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Suratman Suratman ◽  
Yulianti Yulianti ◽  
Nirsetyo Wahdi
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Accounting Reports

Abstrak: Tujuan dalam pengabdian ini untuk merancang Aplikasi Laporan Keuangan Masjid  sesuai dengan Standart Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK-45) agar laporan keungan tersebut dapat dipertanggungjawabkan ada akuntabel  kepada umat yang menginfaqkan sebagain hartanya ke masjid tersebut. Hal tersebut sebagai salah satu pertanggungjawaban ke padada masyarakat pemberi infaq. Tetapi selain itu pengurus masjid juga harus membuat laporan keuangan yang nantinya akan dilaporkan kepada takmir masjid dan kepada semua pengelola tersebut, sehingga harapannya laporan keuangan tersebut dapat disusun secara transparan sehingga tidak ada kecurigaan dari pihak manapun dan lebih-lebih sebagai pertanggungjawaban kepada  Allah SWT. Dalam penyusunan laporan  laporan akuntansi untuk entitas nirlaba telah diatur dalam Pedoman Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK-45) yang telah disusun oleh Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia (IAI) sebagai penyusun stantar laporan akuntansi, agar laporan keungan tersebut dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kepada masyarakat dan dapat di baca oleh pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan terhadap laporan keuangan tersebut. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan pendampingan pembuatan laporan keuangan masjid dengan aplikasi laporan keuangan yang  sistematis dengan menggunakan program Microsoft Excel. Dari hasil evaluasi yang telah dailakukan bahwa hasil dari kegiatan ini sudah mampu meningkatan pemahaman dan ketrampilan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan masjid yaitu berupa Laporan Posisi Keuangan, Laporan Aktivitas, Laporan Arus Kas, dan laporan Perubahan Ekuitas.Kata Kunci: Laporan Akuntansi; Akuntabilitas; Keuangan Masjid; PSAK45 Abstract: The purpose of this dedication is to design the Mosque Financial Report Application in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK-45) so that the financial report can be held accountable to the people who make a part of their wealth available to the mosque. This is one of the responsibilities given to the community giving infaq. But besides that the mosque management must also make financial reports that will later be reported to the mosque takmir and to all the managers, so that the financial statements can be arranged transparently so that there is no suspicion from any party and moreover as an accountability to Allah SWT. In preparing the accounting reports for non-profit entities, it has been regulated in the Financial Accounting Standards Guidelines (PSAK-45) that have been prepared by the Indonesian Institute of Accountants (IAI) as a compiler of accounting reports, so that the financial statements can be accountable to the public and can be read by parties parties with an interest in the financial statements. This activity was carried out in the form of outreach and assistance in making mosque financial reports with the systematic application of financial reports using the Microsoft Excel program. From the evaluation results that have been carried out that the results of this activity have been able to increase understanding and skills in preparing the mosque's financial statements in the form of Financial Position Reports, Activity Reports, Cash Flow Statements, and Equity Change reports.Keywords: Accounting Reports; Accountability; Mosque Finance; PSAK45.

scholarly journals IPTEKS PERLAKUAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP PENGUKURAN ASET TETAP PADA KANTOR LURAH KLEAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Valen Ipu ◽  
Sherly Pinatik
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Village ◽  
Office Equipment

Fixed assets are tangible assets owned by the company or agency in question not for sale, but to assist the operational activities of an agency and have a useful life of more than one year. The kleak village office has several supporting factors in conducting operational activities, one of which in the form of office equipment. This study aims to determine wherher the village office has measured fixed assets based on applicable financial accounting standards. Based on the data that the author obtained it can seen that the village office has not measured fixed assets in accordance with PSAK No. 16.Keywords : Measurement of fixed assets, PSAK No. 16

Issues of interpreting and reflecting the expenses of organizations in financial accounting

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Yu. DRUZHILOVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Analog Approach ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article examines the problems associated with the interpretation of the concept of Expenses and their reflection by organizations in financial accounting. Objectives. The article aims to identify and systematize the problems related to the interpretation of the concept of Expenses and their reflection by organizations in financial accounting. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of critical analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, and the analog approach. Results. The article highlights the controversial aspects of the interpretation of the economic content of the concept of Expenses in the system of Russian Accounting Standards (RAS) and scientific literature. It compares different interpretations of the economic content of this concept in the systems of Russian and International Standards of Accounting and Reporting. The article also systematizes the impact of business types on recognition and reflection of the expenses of organizations in financial accounting. Conclusions and Relevance. There are contradictions in the interpretation of the economic content of the concept of Expenses in the system of Russian Accounting Standards. There is no unity in the interpretation of Expenses in the scientific literature on accounting. Despite the closeness of the definitions of Expenses in RAS and IFRS systems, there are significant differences in regulations relating to the recognition and reflection of expenses in financial accounting. The results presented have both applied and theoretical applications in the field of financial accounting.

The Impact of Regulatory and Audit Environment on Managers' Discretionary Accounting Choices: The Case of SFAS No. 106

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad Asthana
Keyword(s):  
Market Efficiency ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Public ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Auditor Quality ◽  
Financial Disclosures ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the impact of a firm's regulatory and audit environment on managers' discretion in choosing from the set of actuarial choices available under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106. Data disclosed by 500 firms under SFAS No. 106 during the period 1993–96 is used for the tests. Correlation, portfolio, and fixedeffects regression analyses are conducted on this data. The results show that the magnitude of the discretionary component of the postretirement benefit obligation is negatively associated with the extent of the external regulations and auditor quality. Tests on the market response to the disclosed postretirement benefit obligation show that the market values only the nondiscretionary component of the obligation. This research provides evidence that federal regulation and independent audits serve as useful watchdogs of the public interest. Proper financial disclosures also lead to increased transparency and market efficiency in detecting and correcting for the effects of opportunistic actions of managers.

scholarly journals IPTEKS PERHITUNGAN PENYUSUTAN AKTIVA TETAP MENURUT STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN PADA PT. MASSINDO SINAR PRATAMA MANADO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuvita M. F Goni ◽  
Novi Swandari Budiarso
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Line Method ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
One Year ◽  
Straight Line Method

Fixed assets are tangible assets acquired in ready to use or built first, used in the company operations, not intended for sale in the framework of the normal activities of the company and has a useful life more than one year. Depreciation is the process of allocation of the acquisition cost into the applicable cost of deductions in calculating profit. Calculation of depreciation fixed assets according to financial accounting standards using five methods: the straight-line method, declining balance method, sum of the years digit method, service hours method, and the unit of productions method. The purpose of this study was determine the application of methods of depreciation fixed assets according to financial accounting standards in PT. Massindo Sinar Pratama Manado. The applied ipteks method is the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets in accordance with financial accounting standards. The result showed the company uses the straight line method and the declining balance method in calculating depreciation of its fixed assets. PT. Massindo Sinar Pratama Manado should not only perform depreciation calculations in accordance with financial accounting standards but also must be in accordance with the provisions of taxation in order not to need to be done fiscal correction. Keywords : depreciation, fixed assets, financial accounting standards

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN PENYUSUTAN AKTIVA TETAP MENURUT STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAN PERATURAN PERPAJAKAN PADA CV. SAMIA SEJAHTERA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faneisya Pesak ◽  
Harijanto Sabijono ◽  
Natalia Gerungai
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduction Of Costs

In calculating depreciation of fixed assets may use depreciation method in accordance with financial accounting standards and tax regulations. Differences in recognition of depreciation expense will result in fiscal correction. The purpose of this study was conducted to find out how the application depreciations of methods of fixed assets according to tax regulations and financial accounting standards, as well as the impact of comparative calculations. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis method. The results show that the company has calculated depreciation expense in accordance with financial accounting standards, but there are still errors in the calculation of depreciation, and the company itself has not done the calculations in accordance with tax regulations. Any difference in depreciation expense according to financial accounting standards and tax laws will result in a positive fiscal correction resulting in the reduction of costs recognized in the commercial income statement. With the reduction of the recognition of these costs can have an impact on the addition of Income Tax (PPh). Value of PPh CV. Samia Sejahtera 2017 Rp18.323.750,00 while the value of PPh CV. Samia Sejahtera by fiscal Rp28.940.000,00 so there is a difference of Rp10.616.250,00.Keywords : Depreciation, Fixed Assets.

scholarly journals Valuation of tangible fixed assets pursuant to the Czech accounting law and international accounting standards

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 466-474
Author(s):  
P. Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
International Standards ◽  
International Accounting ◽  
International Accounting Standards ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Value Determination ◽  
The Impact

The valuation of assets is a relatively challenging activity as well as a scientific discipline having an impact on the amount of the reported assets and economic result process. The report deals with the issue of valuation of the tangible fixed assets in the accounting entities compiling the financial statements pursuant to the Czech national legislation and in conformity with the requirements of the International Accounting Standards IAS/IFRS and US GAAP. The substantial differences in the definitions and valuation of the tangible fixed assets in these systems have been determined, indicating the impact on the economy of the accounting entity, both at the primary acquisition and as at the day of the closing of books. Attention has also been paid to the possibilities of recording the value decreases and to subsequent expenses. The analysis of legal regulations was completed with the analysis of the financial statements from selected economic entities. As per the international standards, the main difference consists in the possibility of component depreciation of tangible assets or, on the other hand, the possibility of group depreciation, in the differences in valuation in the event of acquisition paid for and of acquisition by one’s own production and in the possibility to consider the costs of disposal of assets. The subsequent expenses are also construed in a different manner: as per the Czech regulation, they are construed as repairs and maintenance. The substantial difference in comparison with the Czech regulation consists in the possibility of re-valuation of assets upwards as well as the method of actual value determination.

scholarly journals A Note On The Reliability Of Accounting Lobbying Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Dale Buckmaster ◽  
David Durkee ◽  
Frederic M. Stiner
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Accounting Standards Board ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Extreme Caution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Public Record

Studies that are based on content analyses of portions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Public Record have appeared regularly in accounting and business literature since 1978. Inter-rater reliability is a crucial determinant of the validity of content analyses, yet none of the studies based on content analysis of the Public Record report any measure of inter-rater reliability. This study provides some evidence of the degree of inter-rater reliability of these studies. Krippendorffs coefficient of agreement, a measure of inter-rater reliability is derived for each of eight issues from four raters performing a content analysis of respondent letters in the Public Record volume, Exposure Draft: Accounting for Certain Acquisitions of Banking or Thrift Institutions. In general, the coefficients indicated that extreme caution should be exercised in making inferences from studies based on content analyses of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Public Record.

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