Analyzing smartphone innovative development: Evidence from Apple’s iPhone

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1625-1649
Author(s):  
Aleksandr E. VARSHAVSKII ◽  
Mariya S. KUZNETSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Device ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Device Development ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Processor Frequency ◽  
The Way

Subject. We analyze development trends in iPhone by reviewing the way their key technological and economic indicators change. Objectives. We trace patterns and trends in technological and economic indicators of iPhone, correlations of the indicators, and the dependence of the price and SAR on technological indicators. Methods. Following our methodology, we study and model indicators of smartphones. Results. We traced and determined the correlation of technological and economic indicators of iPhone. The article demonstrates how the price and SAR mainly depend on technological indicators of smartphones. Conclusions and Relevance. As the findings show, as the above smartphone gets more technologically sophisticated, i.e. the price and SAR increase, we can expect higher risks for the man and the environment, though the mobile device development trends may still persevere. As seen from the analysis, SAR increases as smartphones have more cores and processor frequency, operation memory, which basically entails higher prices. In the mean time, the above indicators lower as the smartphone dimensions grow (screen diagonal, weight, battery capacity).

LII. An account of the late earthquakes in Syria: In a letter from Dr. Patrick Russell, to his brother, Alexander Russell, M. D. F. R. S

1759 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 529-534 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The People ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
The Way

As I recollect nothing in the way of business, which I have not already wrote you about; and as I know not when this letter may get away, I shall, in the mean time, give you some account of the earthquakes here, which have thrown the people into a terrible consternation.

GPs' Assessments of People Aged 75 and Over: Identifying the Need for Occupational Therapy Services

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Nocon
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Separate Sample ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
The Way

Since April 1990, general practitioners (GPs) have been required to offer an annual home visit and assessment to all people aged 75 and over. This article reports on a research study into the outcomes of these assessments. More referrals were made to community occupational therapy than to any other service — 5% of all people assessed were referred to community occupational therapy — although all the referrals were made following assessments by nurses rather than by GPs themselves. Interviews with a separate sample of elderly people revealed that 17% needed occupational therapy. Once people had been referred, the mean time they had to wait for a community occupational therapy visit was 14 weeks. Even after occupational therapy contact ceased, a number of people still needed further occupational therapy. The study shows that the assessments are a valuable way of identifying elderly people's needs. It also raises questions about the way the assessments are carried out and the resources required to meet identified needs.

scholarly journals XXVI.—Researches on Chinoline and its Homologues

1857 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Greville Williams
Keyword(s):  
Coal Tar ◽  
Chemical Investigation ◽  
Basic Fluid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Platinum Salt ◽  
The Way

Twenty-two years have now elapsed, since Runge first published his remark, able experiments on coal naphtha, and it would, perhaps, be difficult to instance any chemical investigation which has formed the point of departure of a greater number of researches. When we consider the vast quantity of bodies which have, first and last, been obtained from coal-tar, it might appear that little more remained to be done,—that the mine was exhausted,—but so far from this being the case, the discovery of one substance has only served to pave the way for the isolation of others.Among the bodies examined by Runge, there was one which apparently possessed comparatively few features of interest; indeed its very name (the first syllable derived from λευχός was intended to express its supposed inability to produce coloured reactions, a feature which, in the chemistry of the time, militated greatly against its claims to notice. I have used the expression “supposed inability,” because I shall show further on, that this substance is capable, under certain conditions, of affording extremely brilliant colorations. Eventually, Gerhardt, by acting on quinine, cinchonine, and strychnine, with hydrate of potash, obtained the same body. The first chemist who succeeded in procuring any of its compounds in a state of tolerable purity was Hofmann, whose analysis of the platinum salt is very nearly exact. But, at the time of that analysis, he was of opinion that the products obtained from coal and chinoline were essentially different, an opinion which he subsequently retracted. In the mean time, the alkaloid, as obtained from cinchonine was examined by Bromeis and Laurent, their results, however, not elucidating the composition of the basic fluid obtained in the manner alluded to.

scholarly journals VIII. Experiments and observations on the influence of the nerves of the eighth pair on the secretions of the stomach. By B. C. Brodie, Esq. F. R. S. Communicated by the Society for the promotion of animal chemistry

1814 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Experiment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Circulation Of The Blood ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
The Way

In a paper formerly communicated to this Society by Sir Everard Home, and since published in the Philosophical Transactions for the year 1809, some facts were stated which render it probable that the various animal secretions are dependent on the influence of the nervous system, and this opinion seemed to derive support from some physiological experiments which were afterwards instituted by myself, and in which it was observed, that after the functions of the brain had been destroyed, although the action of the heart continued, and the circulation of the blood was maintained as under ordinary circumstances, the secreting organs invariably ceased to perform their office. It has been attempted by former physiologists to determine how far the nerves are necessary to secretion, but there are considerable obstacles in the way of this inquiry, and no observations, that have been hitherto made, appear to throw a great deal of light on the subject. The only method, which can be devised, of ascertaining by direct experiment, whether the nerves are really necessary to secretion, is that of dividing the nervous branches by which the glands are supplied. But this, with respect to the greater number of the glands, is an experiment impossible to perform; and, with respect to others, can not be executed without so much disturbance and injury to the other parts, as must render it extremely difficult to arrive at any positive results. Perhaps in future investigations, some circumstances may arise, which will enable us to determine more satisfactorily this important physiological question. In the mean time, as the labours of physiologists have hitherto contributed so little to this purpose, any facts that tend to its elucidation may deserve to be recorded, and I am therefore induced to lay before the Society the following experiments, which afford one example of a secretion being dependent on the influence of the nerves.

Predicting Daily Maintenance Dose of Fluindione, an Oral Anticoagulant Drug

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 731-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cazaux ◽  
B Gauthier ◽  
A Elias ◽  
D Lefebvre ◽  
J Tredez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anticoagulant Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Daily Maintenance Dose

SummaryDue to large inter-individual variations, the dose of vitamin K antagonist required to target the desired hypocoagulability is hardly predictible for a given patient, and the time needed to reach therapeutic equilibrium may be excessively long. This work reports on a simple method for predicting the daily maintenance dose of fluindione after the third intake. In a first step, 37 patients were delivered 20 mg of fluindione once a day, at 6 p.m. for 3 consecutive days. On the morning of the 4th day an INR was performed. During the following days the dose was adjusted to target an INR between 2 and 3. There was a good correlation (r = 0.83, p<0.001) between the INR performed on the morning of day 4 and the daily maintenance dose determined later by successive approximations. This allowed us to write a decisional algorithm to predict the effective maintenance dose of fluindione from the INR performed on day 4. The usefulness and the safety of this approach was tested in a second prospective study on 46 patients receiving fluindione according to the same initial scheme. The predicted dose was compared to the effective dose soon after having reached the equilibrium, then 30 and 90 days after. To within 5 mg (one quarter of a tablet), the predicted dose was the effective dose in 98%, 86% and 81% of the patients at the 3 times respectively. The mean time needed to reach the therapeutic equilibrium was reduced from 13 days in the first study to 6 days in the second study. No hemorrhagic complication occurred. Thus the strategy formerly developed to predict the daily maintenance dose of warfarin from the prothrombin time ratio or the thrombotest performed 3 days after starting the treatment may also be applied to fluindione and the INR measurement.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING THROUGH TWO STAY TWO STRAY STRATEGY

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dita Masyitah Sianipar And Sumarsih
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Way

This study deals with the way to improve students’ achievement in speaking particularly through Two Stay Two Stray Strategy. This study was conducted by using classroom action research. The subject of of the research was class X-AP SMK Swasta Harapan Danau Sijabut in Asahan Regency that consisted of 34 students. The research was conducted in two cycles consisted of three meetings in each cycle. The instruments of collecting data for quantitative data used Speaking Test and instrument for analysis of qualitative data used observation, interview and questionnaire sheet. Based on the speaking test score, students’ score kept improving in every test. In the test I the mean was 61,47, in the test II the mean was 67,41 and the test III the mean was 78,52. Based on observation sheet and questionnaire sheet, it was found that teaching learning process run well and lively. Students were active and interest in speaking. The using of Two Stay Two Stray Strategy is significantly improved students’ achievement in speaking.

Retrospective analysis of mortality within 30 days of systemic anticancer therapy and comparison with a previous audit at an Australian Regional Cancer Centre

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110160
Author(s):  
Bernadatte Zimbwa ◽  
Peter J Gilbar ◽  
Mark R Davis ◽  
Srinivas Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan
Keyword(s):  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Feedback Process ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Haematology Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regional Cancer Centre ◽  
Mean Time

Purpose To retrospectively determine the rate of death occurring within 14 and 30 days of systemic anticancer therapy (SACT), compare this against a previous audit and benchmark results against other cancer centres. Secondly, to determine if the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), not available at the time of the initial audit, impacted mortality rates. Method All adult solid tumour and haematology patients receiving SACT at an Australian Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) between January 2016 and July 2020 were included. Results Over a 55-month period, 1709 patients received SACT. Patients dying within 14 and 30 days of SACT were 3.3% and 7.0% respectively and is slightly higher than our previous study which was 1.89% and 5.6%. Mean time to death was 15.5 days. Males accounted for 63.9% of patients and the mean age was 66.8 years. 46.2% of the 119 patients dying in the 30 days post SACT started a new line of treatment during that time. Of 98 patients receiving ICI, 22.5% died within 30 days of commencement. Disease progression was the most common cause of death (79%). The most common place of death was the RCC (38.7%). Conclusion The rate of death observed in our re-audit compares favourably with our previous audit and is still at the lower end of that seen in published studies in Australia and internationally. Cases of patients dying within 30 days of SACT should be regularly reviewed to maintain awareness of this benchmark of quality assurance and provide a feedback process for clinicians.

scholarly journals Verbal estimation of the magnitude of time, number, and length

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Ogden ◽  
F. R. Simmons ◽  
J. H. Wearden
Keyword(s):  
Processing System ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Physical Length ◽  
Estimation Performance ◽  
Verbal Estimation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Way

AbstractPerformance similarities on tasks requiring the processing of different domains of magnitude (e.g. time, numerosity, and length) have led to the suggestion that humans possess a common processing system for all domains of magnitude (Bueti and Walsh in Philos Trans R Soc B 364:1831–1840, 2009). In light of this, the current study examined whether Wearden’s (Timing Time Percept 3:223–245, 2015) model of the verbal estimation of duration could be applied to verbal estimates of numerosity and length. Students (n = 23) verbally estimated the duration, number, or physical length of items presented in visual displays. Analysis of the mean verbal estimates indicated the data were typical of that found in other studies. Analysis of the frequency of individual verbal estimates produced suggested that the verbal responses were highly quantized for duration and length: that is, only a small number of estimates were used. Responses were also quantized for number but to a lesser degree. The data were modelled using Wearden’s (2015) account of verbal estimation performance, which simulates quantization effects, and good fits could be obtained providing that stimulus durations were scaled as proportions (0.75, 1.06, and 0.92 for duration, number, and length, respectively) of their real magnitudes. The results suggest that despite previous reports of similarities in the processing of magnitude, there appear to be differences in the way in which the underlying representations of the magnitudes are scaled and then transformed into verbal outputs.

Vitamin D Level Stability in Dystrophinopathy Patients on Vitamin D Supplementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Naomi Vather-Wu ◽  
Matthew D. Krasowski ◽  
Katherine D. Mathews ◽  
Amal Shibli-Rahhal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stable Maintenance ◽  
Mean Time

Background: Expert guidelines recommend annual monitoring of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and maintaining 25-OHD ≥30 ng/ml in patients with dystrophinopathies. Objective: We hypothesized that 25-OHD remains stable and requires less frequent monitoring in patients taking stable maintenance doses of vitamin D. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, using the electronic health record to identify 26 patients with dystrophinopathies with a baseline 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL and at least one additional 25-OHD measurement. These patients had received a stable dose of vitamin D for ≥3 months prior to their baseline 25-OHD measurement and throughout follow-up. The main outcome measured was the mean duration time the subjects spent with a 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL. Results: Only 19% of patients dropped their 25-OHD to <  30 ng/ml, with a mean time to drop of 33 months and a median nadir 25-OHD of 28 ng/mL. Conclusions: These results suggest that measurement of 25-OHD every 2–2.5 years may be sufficient in patients with a baseline 25-OHD ≥30 ng/mL and who are on a stable maintenance dose of vitamin D. Other patients may require more frequent assessments.

scholarly journals Surveillance System in Smart Cities: A Dependability Evaluation Based on Stochastic Models

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Igor Gonçalves ◽  
Laécio Rodrigues ◽  
Francisco Airton Silva ◽  
Tuan Anh Nguyen ◽  
Dugki Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Video Streams ◽  
Dependability Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Surveillance monitoring systems are highly necessary, aiming to prevent many social problems in smart cities. The internet of things (IoT) nowadays offers a variety of technologies to capture and process massive and heterogeneous data. Due to the fact that (i) advanced analyses of video streams are performed on powerful recording devices; while (ii) surveillance monitoring services require high availability levels in the way that the service must remain connected, for example, to a connection network that offers higher speed than conventional connections; and that (iii) the trust-worthy dependability of a surveillance system depends on various factors, it is not easy to identify which components/devices in a system architecture have the most impact on the dependability for a specific surveillance system in smart cities. In this paper, we developed stochastic Petri net models for a surveillance monitoring system with regard to varying several parameters to obtain the highest dependability. Two main metrics of interest in the dependability of a surveillance system including reliability and availability were analyzed in a comprehensive manner. The analysis results show that the variation in the number of long-term evolution (LTE)-based stations contributes to a number of nines (#9s) increase in availability. The obtained results show that the variation of the mean time to failure (MTTF) of surveillance cameras exposes a high impact on the reliability of the system. The findings of this work have the potential of assisting system architects in planning more optimized systems in this field based on the proposed models.

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