scholarly journals STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANALISA KETELITIAN TINGGI MENGGUNAKAN TOTAL STATION DAN SIPAT DATAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Agnes Sri Mulyani ◽  
Sudarno Tampubolon
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Height Difference ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Reference Measurements ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Very High

This research was conducted to analyze and determine the height difference accuracy using the method of measuring the different heights of a closed loop using Waterpass B2 and Total Station Kolida 420SR. The location of research in the Ciloto area, Puncak, West Java with coordinates 107˚ east longitude and 06˚ south latitude, on 14-15 December 2014 using a local high point reference. Measurements were made three times with different looped but the starting and ending points were the same points. Accuracy of calculation is done by calculating the average of the least squares to determine the standard deviation of the measurement results with each equipment. The result is  the standard deviation of the height difference with the waterpass is 0.01mm, while with the Total Station it is 0.02 mm. Based on the results of the standard deviation of the height difference, the Total Station can be used for height measurements in civil engineering project that does not require very high accuracy and height difference measurements with the Total Station are more economical because the time required for measurement is a quarter of the time required height difference measurement with Waterpass. Keywords: height measurement; Waterpass; Total station. AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui ketelitian beda tinggi menggunakan metode pengukuran beda tinggi suatu ring tertutup menggunakan Waterpass B2 dan Total Station Kolida 420SR. Lokasi penelitian terletak di daerah Ciloto, Puncak Jawa Barat dengan koordinat 107o bujur timur dan 06o lintang selatan, pada tanggal 14 dan 15 Desember 2014 dengan menggunakan referensi titik tinggi lokal. Pengukuran dilakukan tiga kali dengan ring yang berbeda namun titik pangkal dan ujung adalah titik yang sama. Hitungan ketelitian dilakukan dengan hitung perataan kuadrat terkecil untuk mengetahui standar deviasi hasil pengukuran dengan masing-masing alat. Hasilnya adalah standar deviasi beda tinggi dengan waterpass sebesar 0.01mm, sedangkan dengan Total Station sebesar 0.02 mm. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai standar deviasi pengukuran beda tinggi, maka Total Station  dapat digunakan untuk pengukuran beda  tinggi pada pekerjaan teknik sipil yang tidak memerlukan ketelitian yang sangat tinggi, dan pengukuran beda tinggi dengan Total Station lebih ekonomis karena waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengukuran adalah seperempat dari waktu yang diperlukan pengukuran beda tinggi dengan Waterpass. 

Reliability of Heel-Height Measurement for Documenting Knee Extension Deficits

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore F. Schlegel ◽  
Martin Boublik ◽  
Richard J. Hawkins ◽  
J. Richard Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Flexion Contracture ◽  
Height Measurement ◽  
Height Difference ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Flexion Contractures ◽  
Heel Height ◽  
Knee Flexion Contracture

Background Heel-height difference has been used to detect subtle knee flexion contractures, but the effects of thigh circumference differences and patient positioning during testing have not been evaluated. Hypothesis Differences in thigh circumference measurements and whether the patient's patellae are on or off the examination table during heel-height difference measurement will not affect the accuracy of detecting knee flexion contracture. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Methods Bilateral knee range of motion, prone heel-height difference with the patellae on and off the table, and thigh circumference at 5 and 15 cm proximal to the proximal pole of the patella were measured by one investigator on 50 consecutive patients who had undergone unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Results A high degree of correlation was demonstrated between the heel-height difference and the standard range of motion measurement. Differences in thigh girth and patellar position did not statistically affect the accuracy of the heel-height difference as an indicator of knee flexion contracture. Conclusion Heel-height difference is a valid method of documenting knee flexion contractures. Compared with traditional goniometer assessment, this test is a more meaningful and easier way for detecting subtle knee flexion contractures of less than 10°.

scholarly journals Treynor Ratio to Measure Islamic Stock Performance in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farhan Qudratullah
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Ratio Model ◽  
Stock Performance ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Domestic Products ◽  
Very High

Treynor Ratio merupakan model pioner inovatif ukuran kinerja saham yang dikemukakan Jack Treynor pada tahun 1965 yang terdiri atas 3 (tiga) komponen, yaitu return saham, return bebas risiko, dan beta saham. Banyak penelitian mendekati return bebas risiko dengan suku bunga termasuk saat mengukur kinerja saham syariah, sedangkan suku bunga dilarang dalam konsep keuangan islam. Tulisan ini membahas variabel alternatif untuk mendekati return bebas risiko selain dengan suku bunga (BI-Rate), yaitu dengan 4 (empat) pendekatan, yaitu: menghilangkan suku bunga, mengganti dengan zakat rate, mengganti dengan inflasi, dan mengganti dengan gross domestic produc (GDP) pada model Treynor Ratio yang diimplementasikan pada pasar modal syariah di Indonesia periode Januari 2011-Juli 2018. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat kesesuaian yang sangat tinggi hasil pengukuran model Treynor Ratio dengan suku bunga dengan keempat model lainnya. Namun, model-model tersebut tidak menjamin bahwa saham yang memilki kinerja terbaik pada saat ini akan memilki kinerja terbaik dimasa yang akan datang atau sebaliknya. Dilihat dari kedekatan hasil pengukuran kinerjanya, kelima model Treynor Ratio tersebut dapat dikelompokan jadi 2 (dua), yaitu model dengan suku bunga, model dengan inflasi, dan model dengan GDP sebagai kelompok pertama, sedangkan model tanpa suku bunga dan model dengan zakat-rate sebagai kelompok kedua. [Treynor Ratio is an innovative pioneer model the size of stock performance proposed by Jack Treynor in 1965 which consists of 3 (three) components, namely stock returns, risk free returns, and stock beta. Many studies approach risk-free returns with interest rates, including when measuring the performance of Islamic stocks, while interest rates are prohibited in the concept of Islamic finance. This paper discusses alternative variables to approach risk-free returns other than interest rates (BI-Rate), namely with 4 (four) approaches, namely: eliminating interest rates, changing zakat rates, changing inflation, and substituting gross domestic products (GDP) in the Treynor Ratio model that is implemented in the Islamic capital market in Indonesia for the period January 2011 - July 2018. The results obtained are very high conformity in the measurement results of the Treynor Ratio model with interest rates with the other four models. However, these models do not guarantee that stocks that have the best performance at this time will have the best performance in the future or vice versa. Judging from the closeness of the results of performance measurement, the five Treynor Ratio models can be grouped into 2 (two), namely models with interest rates, models with inflation, and models with GDP as the first group, while models without interest rates and models with zakat-rate as second group.]

scholarly journals Crude Fat, Hexanes Extraction, in Feed, Cereal Grain, and Forage (Randall/Soxtec/Submersion Method): Collaborative Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J Thiex ◽  
Shirley Anderson ◽  
Bryan Gildemeister ◽  
W Adcock ◽  
J Boedigheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
The United States ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Time Required

Abstract A method for determining crude fat in animal feed, cereal grain, and forage (plant tissue) was collaboratively studied. Crude fat was extracted from the animal feed, cereal grain, or forage material with hexanes by the Randall method, also called the Soxtec method or the submersion method. The use of hexanes provides for an alternative to diethyl ether for fat extractions. The proposed submersion method considerably decreases the extraction time required to complete a batch of samples compared to Soxhlet. The increase in throughput is very desirable in the quest for faster turnaround times and the greater efficiency in the use of labor. In addition, this method provides for reclamation of the solvent as a step of the method. The submersion method for fat extraction was previously studied for meat and meat products and was accepted as AOAC Official Method 991.36. Fourteen blind samples were sent to 14 collaborators in the United States, Sweden, Canada, and Germany. The within-laboratory relative standard deviation (repeatability) ranged from 1.23 to 5.80% for crude fat. Among-laboratory (including within) relative standard deviation (reproducibility) ranged from 1.88 to 14.1%. The method is recommended for Official First Action.

Variable Fidelity Modeling in Closed Loop Dynamical Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Williams ◽  
Andrew G. Alleyne
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
System Development ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Vapor Compression System ◽  
Variable Fidelity ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Fidelity Model

In the early stages of control system development, designers often require multiple iterations for purposes of validating control designs in simulation. This has the potential to make high fidelity models undesirable due to increased computational complexity and time required for simulation. As a solution, lower fidelity or simplified models are used for initial designs before controllers are tested on higher fidelity models. In the event that unmodeled dynamics cause the controller to fail when applied on a higher fidelity model, an iterative approach involving designing and validating a controller’s performance may be required. In this paper, a switched-fidelity modeling formulation for closed loop dynamical systems is proposed to reduce computational effort while maintaining elevated accuracy levels of system outputs and control inputs. The effects on computational effort and accuracy are investigated by applying the formulation to a traditional vapor compression system with high and low fidelity models of the evaporator and condenser. This sample case showed the ability of the switched fidelity framework to closely match the outputs and inputs of the high fidelity model while decreasing computational cost by 32% from the high fidelity model. For contrast, the low fidelity model decreases computational cost by 48% relative to the high fidelity model.

scholarly journals The Effect of Re-engineering of Administrative Processes in Achieving the Competitive Advantage of Sustainable in Five-Star Hotels in Jordan - Field Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Suleiman Mustafa EL-Dalahmeh
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Statistical Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Very High

The main aim of the research was to identify the effect of Re-engineering of Administration Processes in Achieving the competitive Advantage of Sustainable in Five Star Hotels in Jordan. To achieve the objective of this study, a questionnaire distributed on 120 persons in Five Star Hotels in Jordan. 90 returned with a rate of 75%. The results of the study showed that there is a significant statistical effect at the level of significance of α ≤ 0.05 for the re - engineering of administrative processes in achieving sustainable competitive advantage in five - star hotels in Jordan in the following dimensions:* - Leadership * - Ability to analyze * - Advanced design * - Organizational communication * - Continuous improvementStrategic Planning. The total score of the mean of the study instrument was 4.43 and with a standard deviation of 0.35 and 88.6% at a very high degree.The results of the statistical analysis revealed the realization of the sample of the study in the investigated hotels, the extent of the effect of re-engineering the administrative processes in all its dimensions in achieving the competitive advantage.Based on the results of hypotheses tested, the six null hypotheses of the study were rejected. In the light of the findings, the researcher recommended that:1- The need to convince the management of hotels and hotel staff the importance of the application of re-engineering of administrative processes to achieve competitive advantage sustainable2- Utilizing the potential of graduates of new universities from the faculties of economics, administrative sciences and information technology. 

scholarly journals University of Miami Radiocarbon Dates VI

Radiocarbon ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Stipp ◽  
K L Eldridge ◽  
R Cadwell
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Liquid Scintillation Counting ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Scintillation Counting ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Partial List ◽  
Time Required

The following radiocarbon measurements are a partial list of projects and samples dated since the Spring of 1975. The technique used is liquid scintillation counting of wholly synthesized benzene as indicated in R, v 16, p 402-408. The intermediate chemical step of converting CO2 to Li2C2 has been modified so that the CO2 is reacted with the lithium metal at a temperature of 950° to 1000°C instead of the 600°C as formerly done (Tamers, 1975). This modification has had the effect of reducing occasional variable losses in conversion yields in this step, and reducing the reaction time required from 30 min to 10 min for a typical ¼ mole sample. Dates are calculated using a 14C half-life of 5568 yr and errors are reported as one standard deviation. No other correction factors are applied.

scholarly journals Testing of IQ™ 200 Automated Urine Analyzer Analytical Performances in Comparison with Manual Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Velibor Čabarkapa ◽  
Mirjana Đerić ◽  
Zoran Stošić
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Operation Procedure ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Very High ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Testing of IQ™ 200 Automated Urine Analyzer Analytical Performances in Comparison with Manual Techniques Automation is necessary in laboratory systems. It enables reduction of time required for sample analysis, as well as standardization of methods. However, automation of urine control in laboratories is much less common than in hematological analyses. Not long ago, the necessary automated systems for urine analysis have also been developed. The objective of this study is a comparison of the IQ™ 200 automated system for urine analyzing with standardized manual urine analyzing techniques. Comparative analysis of 300 samples was performed by the IQ™ 200 system and by the standardized methods of manual microscopy and chemical urine analysis. The results acquired point to very high compatibility between urine analyses by manual techniques and by the automated system IQ™ 200, and in some analyses IQ™ 200 showed higher sensitivity. It can be concluded, with the aim of standardization and shortening of time required for urine analysis, that utilization of automated urine analyzing systems is recommendable, especially in institutions with a large number of daily analyses. This is also supported by the fact that operation procedure on automated systems is much more simple in comparison to manual techniques.

Study on Continuous Monitoring Glucose Concentration with Terbium Gallium Garnet Crystal

2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Dong Ming Li ◽  
Shu Hai Jia ◽  
Ji Wang
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Faraday Rotation ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Garnet Crystal ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Measurement Results

In a continuing effort to develop a noninvasive means of monitoring glucose levels using many methods. In this paper a laser, closed-loop, system was designed and a model was developed to extract the glucose concentration information by Faraday rotation with Terbium Gallium Garnet Crystal(TGG Tb3Ga5O12). The system was tested using various concentrations of glucose. The results show that for a static, non-moving sample, glucose can be predicted. For the physiologic range (0-16mmol/l) for either laser wavelength (523nm or 632.8nm), the Correlation coefficient value (R2) are 09977and 0.9995 respectively. The measurement results of 24 hours show the system with good stability, which error is less than 0.05%.

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