scholarly journals Artan Dozlarda Kurşun (Pb) Uygulamalarının Tütün Çeşitlerinin Büyüme, Pb ve Mikro Element Konsantrasyonlarına Olan Etkileri

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2083
Author(s):  
Ahmet Kınay ◽  
Halil Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Pb Concentration

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal pollutant for humans, animals and plants when the certain threshold concentrations exceeded. Tobacco can accumulate higher concentrations of Pb, and the genotypic differences of tobacco in Pb uptake and the response to Pb have not been clearly determined. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of various lead levels (Pb 0, 0.25, 2.5 and 10 mg kg-1) on biomass (shoot and root) production, Pb concentration and micro nutrient concentrations of two tobacco (Xanthi/2A and Nail) varieties. Tobacco plants were grown under controlled conditions, and required macro (N, P and K) and micro (Fe and Zn) nutrients were applied along with increased doses of Pb. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations in shoot and dry matter yield (shoot and root) of two tobacco varieties were determined. The increased doses of Pb significantly affected the dry matter yield. Despite the decrease in root and shoot, it was found that tobacco varieties caused significant increases in shoot lead concentrations. Increasing doses of lead to significant increases and decreases in green parts Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations of tobacco varieties. As a result, it is revealed that Nail and Xanthi / 2A tobacco varieties have a Pb concentration of less than 1.0 mg kg-1, even at the highest lead dose, but tobacco products made with tobacco varieties grown in lead contaminated soils constitute a risk for tobacco smokers.

Phytoremediation: Enhanced cadmium (Cd) accumulation by organic manuring, EDTA and microbial inoculants (Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp.) in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Panwar ◽  
I. Kádár ◽  
B. Bíró ◽  
K. Rajkai-Végh ◽  
P. Ragályi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Living Organisms

Phytoremediation is an approach designed to extract excessive heavy metals from contaminated soils through plant uptake. Cadmium (Cd) is among the elements most toxic to living organisms. Health hazards associated with the lethal intake of Cd include renal (kidney) damage, anaemia, hypertension and liver damage. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) grown on artificially spiked soil (100 μg Cd g−1) with EDTA (2 mmol kg−1 in 5 split doses), FYM, vermicompost (VC) and microbial inoculants (MI) such as Azotobacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. The growth of Brassica juncea L. was better in soil amended with FYM or VC as compared to unamended Cd-polluted soil. Growth was slightly suppressed in EDTA-treated soil, whereas it was better after treatment with MI. The application of FYM and VC increased the dry matter yield of Indian mustard either alone or in combination with microbial inoculants, while that of EDTA caused a significant decrease in the biomass of Indian mustard. The application of microbial inoculants increased the dry matter yield of both the roots and shoots, but not significantly, because MI shows greater sensitivity towards cadmium. The maximum cadmium concentration was observed in the EDTA +MI treatment, but Cd uptake was maximum in the VC + MI treatment. The Cd concentration in the shoots increased by 120% in CdEDTA over the Cd100 treatment, followed by CdVC (65%) and CdFYM (42%) in the absence of microbial inoculants. The corresponding values in the presence of MI were 107, 51 and 37%, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in the roots in the order CdEDTA+M > CdVC+M > CdFYM+M>Cd100+M.MI caused an increase in Cd content of 5.5% in the roots and 4.1% in the shoots in the CdEDTA+M treatment compared with the CdEDTA treatment. FYM, VC and EDTA also increased Cd uptake significantly both in the shoots and roots with and without microbial inoculants.The results indicated that Vermicompost in combination with microbial inoculants is the best treatment for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Indian mustard, as revealed by the Cd uptake values in the shoots: CdVC+M (2265.7 μg/pot) followed by CdEDTA+M (2251.2 μg/pot), CdFYM+M (1485.7 μg/pot) and Cd100+M (993.1 μg/pot).

scholarly journals Cadmium Phytoremediation Potential of Napiergrass Cultivated in Kyushu, Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Ishii ◽  
Kotomi Hamano ◽  
Dong-Jin Kang ◽  
Sachiko Idota ◽  
Aya Nishiwaki
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Annual Crop ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Soil Cd

Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureumSchumach), a C4tropical species, has been used for forage since it has high dry matter productivity, sustainability over several years in low-altitudinal sites of Kyushu, and little damage from serious pests. Recently, this grass has gained attention due to its potential as a bioethanol feedstock and for phytoremediation. Napiergrass cultivar Wruk Wona was grown as an annual crop in cadmium- (Cd-) contaminated soils under two cutting frequencies. Annual dry matter yield was not affected significantly by cutting frequency, but the concentration and uptake of Cd were higher when cut twice rather than only once, due to high Cd content of the herbage from the second cutting. Therefore, the soil Cd concentration was reduced by 4.6% when managed by cutting twice in a single year of Napiergrass cultivation.

scholarly journals Tolerance of lead by forage peanut cultivated in two soil classes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Josy Karla de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Ana Aparecida da Silva Almeida ◽  
Julio Cesar Raposo de Almeida ◽  
Paula Blamberg Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Pb Concentration

 This work evaluated the potential of lead (Pb) phytoextraction by forage peanut, Arachis pintoi, cultivated on an Oxisol and a Gleysol. The samples of these soils received Pb as lead acetate heptahydrate (Pb(C2H3O2)2.7H2O) at rates of 0, 150 and 300 mg kg-1. The plants were cultivated in pots filled with Pb contaminated soil, and 105 days after planting were collected to determine shoot and root dry matter. Lead contents in soil and plant samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Lead did not affect shoot dry matter yield in both soil classes, but linearly reduced root dry matter. The highest Pb concentration in the plant was detected in the A. pintoi shoot. This species is not a Pb accumulator but may be considered Pb tolerant and is indicated for revegetation programs in Pb-polluted soils.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

Effects of Seeding Rate on the Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Fall‐Grown Oat

cftm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne K. Coblentz ◽  
Jason S. Cavadini
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate
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