scholarly journals Tolerance of lead by forage peanut cultivated in two soil classes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Josy Karla de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Ana Aparecida da Silva Almeida ◽  
Julio Cesar Raposo de Almeida ◽  
Paula Blamberg Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Pb Concentration

 This work evaluated the potential of lead (Pb) phytoextraction by forage peanut, Arachis pintoi, cultivated on an Oxisol and a Gleysol. The samples of these soils received Pb as lead acetate heptahydrate (Pb(C2H3O2)2.7H2O) at rates of 0, 150 and 300 mg kg-1. The plants were cultivated in pots filled with Pb contaminated soil, and 105 days after planting were collected to determine shoot and root dry matter. Lead contents in soil and plant samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Lead did not affect shoot dry matter yield in both soil classes, but linearly reduced root dry matter. The highest Pb concentration in the plant was detected in the A. pintoi shoot. This species is not a Pb accumulator but may be considered Pb tolerant and is indicated for revegetation programs in Pb-polluted soils.

scholarly journals Behavior of Eucalyptus grandis and E. cloeziana seedlings grown in arsenic-contaminated soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseli Freire Melo ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Dias ◽  
Jaime Wilson Vargas de Mello ◽  
Juraci Alves Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Interveinal Chlorosis ◽  
Apical Bud

Arsenic has been considered the most poisonous inorganic soil pollutant to living creatures. For this reason, the interest in phytoremediation species has been increasing in the last years. Particularly for the State of Minas Gerais, where areas of former mining activities are prone to the occurrence of acid drainage, the demand is great for suitable species to be used in the revegetation and "cleaning" of As-polluted areas. This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis (Hill) Maiden and E. cloeziana F. Muell, for phytoremediation of As-polluted soils. Soil samples were incubated for a period of 15 days with different As (Na2HAsO4) doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm-3). After 30 days of exposure the basal leaves of E. cloeziana plants exhibited purple spots with interveinal chlorosis, followed by necrosis and death of the apical bud at the 400 mg dm-3 dose. Increasing As doses in the soil reduced root and shoot dry matter, plant height and diameter in both species, although the reduction was more pronounced in E. cloeziana plants. In both species, As concentrations were highest in the root system; the highest root concentration was found in E. cloeziana plants (305.7 mg kg-1) resulting from a dose of 400 mg dm-3. The highest As accumulation was observed in E. grandis plants, which was confirmed as a species with potential for As phytoextraction, tending to accumulate As in the root system and stem.

scholarly journals Accumulation and Translocation of Heavy Metals by Acalypha wilkesiana Parts in the Phytoextraction of Contaminated Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Inuwa Durumin Iya ◽  
Zaini Bin Assim ◽  
Isa Bin Ipor ◽  
Ajoke Omonrinoye Omolayo ◽  
Isaac John Umaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Extraction Coefficient ◽  
A Value ◽  
Acalypha Wilkesiana

This study was to investigate survival, growth and accumulation potential of Acalypha wilkesiana in phytoextraction of heavy metals contaminated soil. Acalypha wilkesiana was tested to evaluate its tolerance and phytoextraction capacity in soils contaminated with metals. It was tested under 10 mL of 100 mg/kg of As, Cr, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn solution, along 240 days in greenhouse experiment with harvesting period of 60 days interval. Twenty four cuttings from Acalypha wilkesiana were subjected to the same treatment. Plants roots stem and leaves were dry-digested and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results show that Fe was the most accumulated metal followed by Cu, Mn, As and Zn with 5002.4, 542.7, 492.2, 396.7 and 308.2 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of Cr, Ni, and Co was 101.2, 99.09, and 89.63mg/kg respectively. The highest concentration of Pb was 46.44 mg/kg, Cd was not detected by the plant. Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) of metals were above unity in root, stem, and leaf except for Fe which showed a value below the unity, and Pb shows highest BF value of 7.79. The Translocation Factor (TF) of Cr, Co, Fe, Ni, and Pb were higher, while that of As, Cu, Mn, and Zn were below the unity, Co showed the highest value of 15.93. Furthermore, Extraction Coefficient (EC) of Cr, Co, Ni, and Pb were greater than 1, while for remaining metals were lower than unity, the highest EC was observed from Pb with a value 17.21.

scholarly journals Artan Dozlarda Kurşun (Pb) Uygulamalarının Tütün Çeşitlerinin Büyüme, Pb ve Mikro Element Konsantrasyonlarına Olan Etkileri

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2083
Author(s):  
Ahmet Kınay ◽  
Halil Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Pb Concentration

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal pollutant for humans, animals and plants when the certain threshold concentrations exceeded. Tobacco can accumulate higher concentrations of Pb, and the genotypic differences of tobacco in Pb uptake and the response to Pb have not been clearly determined. The aim of this work was to determine the effects of various lead levels (Pb 0, 0.25, 2.5 and 10 mg kg-1) on biomass (shoot and root) production, Pb concentration and micro nutrient concentrations of two tobacco (Xanthi/2A and Nail) varieties. Tobacco plants were grown under controlled conditions, and required macro (N, P and K) and micro (Fe and Zn) nutrients were applied along with increased doses of Pb. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations in shoot and dry matter yield (shoot and root) of two tobacco varieties were determined. The increased doses of Pb significantly affected the dry matter yield. Despite the decrease in root and shoot, it was found that tobacco varieties caused significant increases in shoot lead concentrations. Increasing doses of lead to significant increases and decreases in green parts Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations of tobacco varieties. As a result, it is revealed that Nail and Xanthi / 2A tobacco varieties have a Pb concentration of less than 1.0 mg kg-1, even at the highest lead dose, but tobacco products made with tobacco varieties grown in lead contaminated soils constitute a risk for tobacco smokers.

scholarly journals Effect of chelating agents on phytoextraction of Ni from contaminated Soil by Zea mays

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1975-1980
Author(s):  
S. K. Singh ◽  
Ram Prakash ◽  
Sachin Kumari ◽  
Anoop Singh
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Ni Uptake ◽  
Amended Soil

The effects of application of CDTA, (CA), DTPA, NTA and FYM on the growth of Zea mays and its Ni uptake and accumulation were investigated using the pot-culture experiments. Application of chelating agents decreased the dry matter yield of roots of Zea mays while, higher values of dry matter yield (11.35 g pot-1) was observedin case of FYM sewage sludge amended soil at 80 days after sowing. FYM addition was found beneficial as compared to control (Ni90). Dry matter yield of shoots of Zea mays increased over control due to application of CDTA and FYM. The highest value of dry matter yield of shoot (86.05 g pot-1) was observed in case of CDTA withsewage sludge amended soil at 80 days after sowing. Whereas reverse trend was observed in NTA, CA and DTPA treated soils. Chelating agents enhanced the Ni uptake by both roots and shoots, higher values of Ni uptake by roots (3415.44 μg pot-1 ) and shoots (10104.98 μg pot-1 ) Was observed in NTA and CDTA treated soil after 80 days of sowing in amended as compared to sewage sludge unamended soil. Application of CDTA followed by NTA was found more effective in enhancing the Ni uptake by Zea mays roots and shoots than any other chelating agents at both the growth stages. The chelating agents are found useful in enhancing phytoextractability of Ni by Zea mays. Hence, marginally Ni contaminated soil may be remediated by adding chelating agents.

scholarly journals THE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN THE FLOWERS AND FRUITS OF CHAENOMELES (Chaenomeles Lindl.)

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa KOMAR-TYOMNAYA ◽  
Elena DUNAEVSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
Dry Ashing

Chaenomeles sp. (C. cathayensis, C. japonica, C. spesiosa and C. x superba) arecharacterized by rich chemical composition of all plant parts and the widevariability of the accumulation of separate components in different species andcultivars. For the expansion of ideas about the chaenomeles content nutritionalvalue of 7 essential macro- and microelements in the flowers and fruit of 8cultivars from the Nikita Botanical Gardens collection have been studied. Analysisof plant samples was carried out by dry ashing with subsequent determination ofmostelements on the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Ca and Mg weredetermined by complex metric method. It was revealed that essential elements wereaccumulated in the flowers and fruits in different quantities. The maximum amountof K, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu and Mn is contained in the flowers. The largest amount of Cawas detected in fruits, whereas Zn, Mn and Cu were most presented in seeds. Thestudied cultivars differ significantly in accumulation of essential elements.According to the studied complex components, the accession P-8-3 was allocated.Flowers were characterized by the highest content of Ca, Zn, Mn, Cu and highcontent – of K; fruits were rich in K, Ca, Zn, Mn and Cu. In the jam from thechaenomeles fruit, the high content of K (2087 mg 100 g-, i. e. more than 2%) wasrevealed. It is seven fold higher than daily rate for human. Thus, chaenomelesflowers, fruits and seeds are a valuable raw material, enriched with vital macroandmicroelements.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Assessing Zinc Amassing in Forages, Buffalo Blood and Topsoil Collected from Sargodha City, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Kafeel Ahmad ◽  
Yongjun Yang ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽  
Nimra Arshad ◽  
Tasneem Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Metal Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal Analysis

The article is focused on estimation of Zinc in the roadside forages, and blood of buffaloes feeding on these forages. This study was carried out in Sargodha during December 2015 to January 2016 (winter) and May 2016 to June 2016 (summer). Five road sites (Mateela, Faisalabad roadside, Shaheenabad roadside, Bhalwal roadside and 50 chak) were selected from sampling of forages, soil and buffalo blood sample. Heavy metal analysis of all digested samples was done with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Analysis of variance and correlation was done with two way ANOVA. This study regarding the accumulation of zinc in forages, soil and the buffalo blood would help the authorities to exactly determine the agents which are responsible for increasing pollution in the environment.

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