scholarly journals Impact of Pharmacists’ Religious and Personal Beliefs in Dispensing Contraceptives

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Krupa ◽  
Albert I Wertheimer
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Professional Obligations ◽  
Pharmacy Data ◽  
Chain Pharmacy ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Background: Until recently, pharmacies were not permitted to dispense any emergency contraceptives to women to prevent pregnancy. No legal statutes existed under which pharmacists with religious, moral or ethical objections could refuse to fill a prescription for contraceptives, nor were there direct guidelines describing the pharmacist’s professional obligations. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the frequency of cases in which pharmacists have refused, due to their personal beliefs, to provide counsel regarding contraceptives or have refused to refer to a patient to a different pharmacist or healthcare provider. This study will compare and contrast the differences between independent pharmacies and chain pharmacies (i.e. time spent, location, most common recommended contraception). Finally, this study will compare the results evident between male pharmacists and female pharmacists. Method: Quantitative method employed uses two interview questions directed to pharmacists: (1) “I am moving in with my fiancée/boyfriend next month and I have never used contraceptives. What are my options?” (2) “If I use a condom and it breaks, do I have any choices to prevent pregnancy after the fact?” The survey was conducted in two locations, the greater Philadelphia area and Hershey, PA. The survey was conducted through face-to-face interactions with pharmacists, either employed at independent pharmacy or at a chain pharmacy. Data collected from each pharmacist included number of approximate age/gender; minutes spent in each consultation with a patient; the kind of privacy provided during the consultation; and the referrals given, if any. Results: Fifty (50) pharmacists were interviewed. No pharmacist indicated that counseling would be denied, although one (1) pharmacist refused to counsel on Plan B and four (4) pharmacists referred the interviewer to a doctor immediately, indicating that all medications require a prescription. Two (2) pharmacists spent more than 10 minutes providing the best possible counseling.   Type: Student Project

scholarly journals Standing order use in general practice: the views of medicine, nursing and pharmacy stakeholder organisations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Taylor ◽  
Eileen McKinlay ◽  
Caroline Morris
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Standing Order ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Pharmacy Data ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Standing orders are used by many general practices in New Zealand. They allow a practice nurse to assess patients and administer and/or supply medicines without needing intervention from a general practitioner. AIM To explore organisational strategic stakeholders’ views of standing order use in general practice nationally. METHODS Eight semi-structured, qualitative, face-to-face interviews were conducted with participants representing key primary care stakeholder organisations from nursing, medicine and pharmacy. Data were analysed using a qualitative inductive thematic approach. RESULTS Three key themes emerged: a lack of understanding around standing order use in general practice, legal and professional concerns, and the impact on workforce and clinical practice. Standing orders were perceived to extend nursing practice and seen as a useful tool in enabling patients to access medicines in a safe and timely manner. DISCUSSION The variability in understanding of the definition and use of standing orders appears to relate to a lack of leadership in this area. Leadership should facilitate the required development of standardised resources and quality assurance measures to aid implementation. If these aspects are addressed, then standing orders will continue to be a useful tool in general practice and enable patients to have access to health care and, if necessary, to medicines without seeing a general practitioner.

Exploring pharmacists’ perceptions regarding influenza and streptococcal testing within a chain pharmacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-441.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Dulaney ◽  
Kenneth Hohmeier ◽  
Cindy Fisher ◽  
Lindsey Cardosi ◽  
Mike Wasson
Keyword(s):  
Chain Pharmacy ◽  
A Chain

scholarly journals PRESEPSI SISWA DAN GURU TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI SMA YAPIS MANOKWARI KELAS XI

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-351
Author(s):  
Rahmatia Rahmatia ◽  
Syahira Syahira ◽  
Ardian Eko Sajaril
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Face To Face Learning

Online learning is used by all levels of education without exception, as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. But the effectiveness of online learning is still unknown, because teachers are more focused on teaching than conducting studies on online learning. So this study aims to determine the effectiveness of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at Yapis Manokwari High School. The method in this research uses descriptive quantitative method, in which quantitative data is in the form of a percentage of the results of the questionnaire, and descriptive data is in the form of a description of the percentage of the results of the questionnaire. In addition, data collection techniques also use interview techniques to strengthen students' questionnaire answers. The interview was conducted with a class XI teacher at SMA Yapis Manokwari. The sample used was 30 students. The results showed that students understood the use of online platforms in online learning, but online learning was not effective due to several factors, including: (1) signal, (2) time constraints, (3) noise from students due to forgetting to turn off the microphone. In addition, the results of interviews with teachers also show that online learning is not effective because it does not meet teacher expectations or does not achieve learning objectives compared to face-to-face learning. Abstrak Pembelajaran online digunakan oleh semua jenjang pendidikan tanpa terkecuali, akibat dari pandemi covid-19. Tetapi keefektifan pembelajaran online masih belum diketahui, dikarenakan guru lebih fokus mengajar daripada melakukan telaah mengenai pembelajaran online. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan pemebelajaran online di masa pandemi covid-19 di SMA Yapis Manokwari. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif, yang mana data kuantitatif berupa presentase hasil angket, dan data deskriptif berupa pendeskripsian presentase hasil angket, selain itu teknik pengambilan data juga menggunakan teknik wawancara untuk memperkuat jawaban angket siswa. Wawancara dilakukan kepada guru pengajar kelas XI SMA Yapis Manokwari. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 30 siswa. Hasil enelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memahami penggunaan platform daring dalam pembelajaran online, tetapi pembelajaran online tidak efektif dikarenakan beberapa faktor, diantaranya: (1) signal, (2) keterbatasan waktu, (3) suara bising dari siswa akibat lupa mematikan mikrofon. Selain itu, hasil wawancara kepada guru juga menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran secara online tidak efektif karena tidak memenuhi harapan guru atau tidak mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dibanding pembelajaran secara tatap muka.

scholarly journals 3Ts of low cure rate: taxonomy, themes and theory of low cure rate in Pakistan’s TB control programme and gathering a 360-degree perspective through qualitative, in-depth interviewing approach

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e025707
Author(s):  
Syed Mustafa Ali ◽  
Sumaira Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq ◽  
Shoukat Ali ◽  
Farah Naureen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Key Dimensions

ObjectiveWHO recommends cure of tuberculosis (TB) as the best prevention strategy; however, information about factors associated with low cure rate in patients with drug-susceptible TB is limited in Pakistan. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the factors that account for low TB cure rate.MethodologyThe present qualitative study recruited diverse informants through purposive sampling to explore low cure rate situation in Badin between March and June 2017. Data were collected from clinicians, paramedics, lab technicians, district field supervisors, patients and treatment supporters through indepth and face-to-face interviews. Interviews were conducted in local languages (Urdu and Sindhi) and transcribed into English. Coding structure was developed inductively and applied on textual data to draw output at the levels of taxonomy, themes and theory, as proposed by Bradleyet al.FindingsThirty-seven individuals consented to participate in this study and provided detailed account of the subject under enquiry. Review of interview data collected from a variety of informants resulted in the identification of four broad factors (taxonomy) that contributed to the situation of low cure rate in one of the districts implementing the public–private mix intervention. These factors were (1) health-seeking behaviour, (2) technical capacity of the healthcare provider, (3) managerial capacity of the healthcare provider, and (4) access to healthcare facility and services. Each factor is deconstructed into key dimensions (themes) that emerged from the dialogue between the interviewer and the respondents. Moreover, dimensions were exemplified through underlying concepts that correspond to theories for low cure rate.ConclusionChange in programme reporting requirement has demeaned the significance of having cure as treatment outcome. Therefore, returning the focus to achieving cure status for TB cases will be beneficial for assessing the effectiveness of TB control efforts. In parallel to the care delivery system, a mechanism for disseminating disease-related and treatment-related information should be introduced.

ArtView: Transforming Image Databases into Collaborative Learning Spaces

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geri Gay ◽  
Kirsten Boehner ◽  
Tara Panella
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Learning Spaces ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Shared Space ◽  
College Course ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Considering the educational importance of dialogue among students, faculty, and professionals, this article examines a computer-mediated communication tool designed to support online learning through conversation. ArtView, developed by Cornell University's Interactive Multimedia Group, allows groups of learners to converse from disparate locations in a shared space while viewing an image that has been pre-loaded by the instructor. An online database provides a ready-reference, allowing the instructor to customize background or contextual information necessary to supplement the online conversations. This article describes and reports the results of user-testing conducted in conjunction with a college course, “Art in the Electronic Age.” Through qualitative techniques, learners compare and contrast their experiences in a face-to-face guided visit and discussion with a computer-mediated viewing and discussion using ArtView. Museums were seen as providing an attractive element of personal choice and an outstanding physical viewing environment. ArtView lacked these elements and tended to homogenize the artworks with its two-dimensional display limitations. However, most students reported levels of satisfaction with the quality and convenience of the computer-mediated communication (CMC) aspects sufficient to make up for the limitations. The article concludes with suggestions on how educators might augment learning by combining the strengths of the online and museum experiences.

Religiosity and personal beliefs in ocd and anxiety disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 134-134
Author(s):  
A. Agorastos ◽  
S. Randjbar ◽  
C. Muhtz ◽  
L. Jelinek ◽  
M. Kellner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Magical Ideation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Negative Religious Coping ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundIn the last decades the relationship between religiosity/spirituality (R/S), personal beliefs and mental health has been extensively studied, indicating a significant correlation of these variables. However, the specific relation of R/S to anxiety disorders has been less investigated.ObjectiveThe objective of this prospective study is the investigation of the relation of R/S, magical ideation (MI) and paranormal beliefs (PB) to anxiety disorders in general and OCD in particular, in order to specifically determine a possible impact of these variables on psychopathology scores. In addition, the relation between R/S, PB and MI can be systematically investigated.Design & methodUnselected samples with OCD and other anxiety disorders have been equally assessed within the first week after admission with a face-to-face interview including the following instruments: MINI, HAMD, HAMA and Y-BOCS, OCI-R, STAI, Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiosity/Spirituality, Magical Ideation Scale and Revised Paranormal Beliefs Scale. Forty healthy participants with no psychiatric history served as controls.ResultsGroups did not differ in any aspect of R/S, MI, or PB. Almost all scales referring to R/S, PB and MI were positively correlated to each other. The results showed a strong positive correlation between high scores of negative religious coping and high psychopathology scores in depression and anxiety. On the other hand, there was a significant positive correlation between MI scores and initial OCD and anxiety scores.ConclusionThis study verifies a significant correlation between personal beliefs and psychopathology in OCD and anxiety disorders. Implications for further research are discussed.

Prenegotiation Development of Optimism in Intractable Conflict

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean G. Pruitt
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Case Material ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Intractable Conflict ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Psychological Experiments

Except when there is substantial third-party pressure for settlement, participants in intractable conflict will only enter negotiation if they are motivated to end the conflict and optimistic about negotiation’s chances of success. The sources of such optimism are explored using case material from three intractable interethnic conflicts that were ultimately resolved by negotiation. In all three cases, optimism developed during prenegotiation communication between the parties. Also there were two main channels of communication, each channel providing credibility to the other and serving as a back-up if the other failed. In two of the cases the communication was face-to-face and friendly, but in the third it was distant and mediated by a chain of two intermediaries. A possible reason for this difference is that the parties were positively interdependent in the first two cases but not in the third. The paper concludes with a summary of three psychological experiments that demonstrate the impact of positive vs. negative interdependence.

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