Analisis Daya Saing dan Potensi Ekspor Mobil Indonesia di Kawasan Asia Selatan

Mobil Indonesia berada di peringkat empat sebagai komoditas non-migas dengan nilai ekspor tertinggi. Oleh karena itu, Kementerian Perindustrian meluncurkan program “Making Indonesia 4.0” pada tahun 2018 dimana salah satu targetnya adalah menjadikan Indonesia sebagai pengekspor mobil terbesar di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, daya saing mobil Indonesia di pasar ekspor layak untuk diselidiki. Penelitian ini menganalisis daya saing mobil Indonesia di kawasan Asia Selatan karena selain belum menerapkan peraturan emisi yang ketat, penjualan mobil di kawasan ini mempunyai tren yang positif. Data penelitian adalah data ekspor mobil Indonesia ke empat negara Asia Selatan yaitu Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, dan Sri Lanka periode 2006 – 2019. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan tiga metode: Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), dan X-Model Potential Export Products. Rata-rata indeks RSCA bernilai negatif yang menunjukkan bahwa daya saing mobil Indonesia masih lemah di keempat negara Asia Selatan, tetapi indeks RSCA bernilai positif hanya di Pakistan sejak 2016. Berdasarkan matriks EPD, mobil Indonesia berada di posisi Rising Star di tiga negara kecuali Sri Lanka yang berada pada posisi Falling Star. Analisis X-Model menunjukkan bahwa Bangladesh, India, dan Pakistan merupakan pasar potensial sebagai tujuan ekspor mobil Indonesia meskipun daya saing masih lemah, hanya Sri Lanka yang kurang potensial.

DAYA SAING MINYAK SAWIT DAN DAMPAK RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE (RED) UNI EROPA TERHADAP EKSPOR INDONESIA DI PASAR UNI EROPA

Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jai.2017.5.2.103-116 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Gisa Rachma Khairunisa ◽

Tanti Novianti

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Gravity Model ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Export Product ◽

Lost Opportunity

Minyak sawit dalam bentuk Crude Palm Oil merupakan komoditi ekspor unggulan Indonesia.Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir minyak sawit terbesar di dunia.Uni Eropa merupakan pengimpor minyak sawit Indonesia terbesar kedua setelah India, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kondisi ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia.Pada tahun 2009 Uni Eropa mengeluarkan kebijakanRenewable Energy Directive yang dapat berdampak kepada ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendekripsikan gambaran umum minyak sawit, menganalisis posisi daya saing minyak sawit Indonesia menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Export Product Dynamics (EPD) serta menganalisis dampak kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive terhadap terhadap kinerja ekspor minyak sawit Indonesia dengan menggunakan gravity model. Hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa minyak sawit Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif (nilai RCA>1). Analisis EPD minyak sawit Indonesia di pasar Uni Eropa berada pada posisi“Rising Star”, Jepang berada di posisi “Retreat” dan Jerman berada pada posisi“Lost Opportunity”. Hasil analisis gravity model menunjukkan GDP perkapita Indonesia, populasi negaratujuan, jarak ekonomi, dan kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive signifikan memengaruhi nilai ekspor minyak sawit, sedangkan nilai tukar riil Indonesia tidak berpengaruhsignifikan.

PETA PERSAINGAN PRODUK EKSPOR INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, SINGAPURA DAN THAILAND

Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan ◽

10.20473/jiet.v1i2.3277 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Akhmad Jayadi ◽

Harry Azhar Aziz

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Trade Balance ◽

Unskilled Labor ◽

Product Competition ◽

Product Technology ◽

Capital Intensive ◽

Export Specialization ◽

Export Product ◽

Product Mapping

This paper examines the export product competition of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand which classified into five major groups: primer product, natural research intensive product, unskilled labor intensive product, technology intensive product, and human capital intensive product. The method used is product mapping, which is combination between Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI). The data used is the 3-digit SITC revision 2, obtained by UNCOMTRADE, year 1980-2015. The result shows that Indonesia has comparative advantage in export specialization of primary product, natural research intensive product, and unskilled labor intensive product. Singapore and Malaysia have comparative advantage in technology intensive product, while Thailand has human capital intensive product. This research proves flying geese pattern of the five group of product, that if a country becomes a leader of one product, it will become follower in another product.

PERDAGANGAN INTRA-INDUSTRI ASEAN-5 TERHADAP INDIA DAN KOREA SELATAN

Signifikan Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi ◽

10.15408/sjie.v4i1.2292 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Utami Baroroh

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Competitive Advantage ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Intensity Level ◽

Total Trade ◽

Competition Intensity ◽

Industry Trade ◽

The aim of this research is to analyze the export product competitive advantage and trade’s flow in Indonesia and ASEAN to India and South Korea. Besides that, this research also mapping the opportunity and threat that show by Indonesian export characteristics through it competency and the composition of export products. The variables that used in this research are the total trade of iron ore, machine, and automotive from each countries, the world’s total trade, and export total from each countries. The methods that used were intra-industry trade (IIT) index and revealed comparative advantage (RCA). The result shows that in general the intra-industry trade for iron ore, machine, and automotive commodities in ASEAN-5 region and also India and South Korea in medium integration level. This implied the low dependency in economy. Besides that, the competition intensity level Indonesia to ASEAN-5 regions, India, and South Korea is decreasingDOI: 10.15408/sjie.v4i1.2292

Comparative Advantage Analysis and Products Mapping of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam Export Products

Journal of Developing Economies ◽

10.20473/jde.v2i1.5119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Akhmad Jayadi JDE

Keyword(s):

World Bank ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Trade Balance ◽

Secondary Data ◽

The World ◽

Analytical Tools ◽

The Relationship ◽

Export Product ◽

Balance Index

The research aims to answer some questions. First, what kind of export product groups that the six countries have comparative advantage? Second, is therea shifting on its comparative advantage? Third, what is the relationship between six countries? Data used in this study is secondary data which published by the World Integrated Solution (WITS) of World Bank, from 1997 to 2014. Analytical tools applied are products mapping using Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Trade Balance Index (TBI). The results of this study showed as follows: first, on average, the comparative advantage of six countries increase. Second, Thailand and Vietnam’s comparative advantage and trade balance changes seems more dynamic than those of other four countries. Third, there is competition and complementary amongst six countries.

Competitiveness and Export Similarity of Indonesia’s Coconut Oil

Jurnal Agribest ◽

10.32528/agribest.v4i2.3546 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Anisa Nurina Aulia ◽

Nur Chasanah ◽

Agus Subhan Prasetyo ◽

Ara Nugrahayu Nalawati

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oils ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

World Market ◽

The Philippines ◽

Export Structure ◽

The World ◽

Export Product ◽

Research Show

Coconut oil is one of the vegetable oils that became potential export product in Indonesia. Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia are three of the biggest exporters of coconut oil in ASEAN, by knowing their position in the Internastional trade of Coconut Oil it become an evauation for the sustainability of the Indonesia’s coconut oil trade.,The aims of this research are knowing the position of Coconut Oil (Crude Coconut Oil with HS Code 151311 and Its derivative with HS code 151319) compared to the competitors during 2001 to 2017 by using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Acceleration Ratio (AR), Trade Specialization Index (ISP) and Export Similarity Index (ESI) for adding information about the similarity of the export structure of coconut oil from Indonesia, Philippines, and Malaysia to the world market. The results of the research show that Indonesia has high competitiveness, and has the highest acceleration in the growth of Crude Coconut Oil’s exports (HS Code 151311) compared to the Philippines and Malaysia. Meanwhile, Indonesia and Philipines have a higher similarity market of coconut oil than Indonesia and Malaysia. Indonesia should increase the capacity industries for derivative of crude coconut oil (HS code 151319) so it could increase volume and value export because it has a higher benefit than crude coconut oil.

Diversifikasi Pasar dan Daya Saing Ekspor Produk Olahan Kopi Indonesia ke Negara Emerging Market Terpilih

Seminar Nasional Official Statistics ◽

10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2021i1.1064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

pp. 847-857

Author(s):

Mukhlisul Amal Mustofa ◽

Achmad Syahrul Choir

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Emerging Market ◽

Ekspor kopi di Indonesia hingga kini masih didominasi oleh biji kopi, tetapi nilai ekspor biji kopi terus menurun. Sebaliknya, ekspor Produk Olahan Kopi Indonesia (POKI) cenderung meningkat selama periode 2015-2019. Namun, ekspor POKI masih didominasi ke satu negara, yaitu Filipina, sehingga ekspornya sangat terpengaruh dengan kondisi negara tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan ekspor POKI rentan tidak stabil. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan diversifikasi pasar terhadap ekspor POKI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat diversifikasi pasar ekspor POKI dan daya saing ekspornya ke beberapa negara emerging market tujuan diversifikasi selama periode 2010-2019. Ukuran yang digunakan yaitu Indeks Hirschman, Revealed Comparative Advantage, Export Product Dynamic, dan X-Model. Hasilnya, diketahui bahwa diversifikasi pasar ekspor POKI secara agregat belum cukup baik. Selain itu, daya saing ekspor POKI ke beberapa negara tujuan emerging market sudah cukup baik dengan posisi yang strategis. Berdasarkan hasil X-model, diperoleh lima negara yang secara optimis dapat menjadi tujuan diversifikasi.

DAYA SAING EKSPOR DAN PERKEMBANGAN PANGSA PASAR IKAN TUNA INDONESIA DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL PERIODE 2012-2016

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis ◽

10.24123/jeb.v23i1.2007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 11-18

Author(s):

Dwi Ayu Sekarini Putri ◽

Firman Rosjadi ◽

Made Siti Sundari

Keyword(s):

Market Share ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Total Export ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Tuna Fish ◽

Export Product ◽

Share Value

This study seeks to understand the competitiveness of the Indonesia tuna fish by comparing with other Asian countries. The analysis employed the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method to examine the Indonesian tuna fish exportvalue data in comparison to the total export value of all commodities in Indonesia. The observation took place between 2012 and 2016. The findings indicates that there was an increasing amount of tuna fish volume before 2014, followed by the plumeted amount of export at the following years. However, the RCA index remained greater than one, which indicates that the Indonesian tuna still became the major export product. The highest RCA Index occuredd in 2013 with 4.72 for 4,63% of Indonesia’s market share value. This study also discuss some limitations of the applied RCA.

Analysis and strategy for improving Indonesian coffee competitiveness in the international market

BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen) ◽

10.26740/bisma.v12n2.p154-167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

Budi Rahardjo ◽

Bintang Mukhammad Burhanudin Akbar ◽

Yusuf Iskandar ◽

Anita Shalehah

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

International Market ◽

Competitive Market ◽

Market Environment ◽

Improve Production ◽

Coffee Beans ◽

The World ◽

Other World ◽

In order to face a competitive market environment, knowing the position of the product itself and competitors is needed. Coffee is the main tropical commodity traded in the world. Coffee has great potential and is very competitive. The research objective is to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee and processed coffee beans exports in the international market by using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to analyze the trade that occurs in several other major exporters such as Brazil, Colombia, and Vietnam as competitors of Indonesian coffee and analyze strategies to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee export in the international market. Indonesia has an average RCA value of 3.64 and is the smallest value compared to other world coffee exporting countries. The small RCA value indicates that Indonesia's comparative advantage still needs to be improved. Based on Export Product Dynamics (EPD), it is known that there are three countries, including Indonesia, which has lost opportunities to be able to trade with other countries, especially coffee products. This condition makes Indonesia needs to improve. Production activities and maintain quality. Indonesian coffee products have a variety of types, which, when used, will increase the competitiveness of the Indonesian state.

FASILITASI PERDAGANGAN DAN EKSPOR MANUFAKTUR UNGGULAN INDONESIA KE RCEP

Jurnal BPPK : Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan ◽

10.48108/jurnalbppk.v13i1.388 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 15-32

Author(s):

Siti Mardiah

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Gravity Model ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Service Sector ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Trade Facilitation ◽

Fasilitasi perdagangan telah menjadi perhatian berbagai negara dan berperan penting dalam efisiensi perdagangan. Manufaktur adalah salah satu produk eskpor yang memiliki peran penting bagi perekonomian Indonesia. Namun nilai ekspor manufaktur Indonesia ke RCEP selama periode 2012-2016 mengalami penurunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sektor unggulan manufaktur Indonesia dan menganalisis dampak fasilitasi perdagangan terhadap ekspor manufaktur unggulan Indonesia ke RCEP. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder periode 2012-2016 dengan metode analisis Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD) dan gavity model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ekspor manufaktur unggulan Indonesia ke RCEP adalah kayu, barang dari kayu dan anyaman. PDB RCEP, Populasi RCEP, Burden of Customs Procedures (BOCP) RCEP, e-business RCEP dan dummy contiguity memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan jarak, nilai tukar dan Service Sector Infrastructure (SSI) RCEP berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ekspor kayu, barang dari kayu dan anyaman Indonesia. Trade facilitation has come to concern of various countries and has an important role in efficiency of trade. Manufacturing is one of the export products that has a very important role for Indonesian economy. However, the Indonesia's manufacturing export value to RCEP during the 2012-2016 period has decreased. This research was aimed to identify the Indonesia’s main manufacturing to RCEP and to analyze the influence of trade facilitation on Indonesia's main manufacturing export to RCEP market. The research used secondary data between 2012 and 2016. The methods used are the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD) and gravity model. The results showed that Indonesia’s main manufacturing exports are wood, goods from wood and webbing. GDP, population, Burden of Customs (BOCP), e-business and dummy contiguity have a positive and significant effect on Indonesian exports. Meanwhile, distance, exchange rate and Service Sector Infrastructure (SSI) RCEP has a negative and significant effect on wood, goods from wood and webbing exports.

The competitiveness of natural rubber by exporting countries in the global market

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202130502006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 305 ◽

pp. 02006

Author(s):

Imade Yoga Prasada ◽

Aura Dhamira

Keyword(s):

Natural Rubber ◽

Comparative Advantage ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Global Market ◽

Research Data ◽

Global Markets ◽

Global Demand ◽

Export Competitiveness ◽

Export Product ◽

Lost Opportunity

The increased in global demand for natural rubber commodities opens opportunities for natural rubber exporting countries to compete with their competitors. Competitiveness is the main provision to be able to compete well. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the export competitiveness of natural rubber by exporting countries and to determine the position of the natural rubber commodity of each exporter in the global market. The research data were secondary data sourced from Trademap in the period of 2001-2019. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index and export product dynamics (EPD) methods. The results of the analysis show that Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia are able to produce natural rubber commodities with strong competitiveness. EPD analysis also shows that Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia respectively have a rising star, lost opportunity, and retreat positions in natural rubber commodities traded on global markets.