Generational Differences in Life-Cycle Income among Farm Households

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
So Yeong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Farm Households

scholarly journals Life-Cycle and Its Impact on the Disparity in Economic Well-Being among U.S. Sole Proprietor Households: Evidence from Two National Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hisham S. El-Osta
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decomposition Methods ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Well Being

The impact of age on the distribution of wealth among U.S. sole proprietor households is analyzed using data from two national surveys in conjunction with disparity and social welfare decomposition methods. Results show higher disparity in wealth when the household is a non-farm rather than a farm sole proprietor household. The cohort with the greatest need in terms of targeted programs is the group of farm or non-farm households headed by individuals younger than 35.

scholarly journals Development of Social Value Orientations: Socialization and Life-Cycle Effects

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Bekkers
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Older People ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Life Cycle Effects

Why do older people have more prosocial value orientations than youngsters? The 'prosocial-growth hypothesis' (Van Lange, Otten, De Bruin & Joireman, 1997) suggests that people become more prosocial as they grow older. In contrast, the alternative 'prosocial generation hypothesis' states that older people are more prosocial because they were raised in a more religious social context. By adding historical data on the formative socialization context to a cross-sectional survey, this article shows that more than 85% of the correlation of birth year with social value orientations is the result of generational differences, for instance with regard to religious socialization at the micro-level. Life cycle-effects account for 15% of the relation: the longer people are married, the more prosocial they are.

scholarly journals Are different income sources fungible? The effects of agricultural subsidy and disaster relief on household consumption in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1153-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Peng ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
David Ahlstrom
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Life Cycle Hypothesis ◽  
Agricultural Subsidy

This paper uses panel data from a sample of farm households in the northeastern China to examine the non-fungibility of different income sources. The results show the private transfer income has a high and significant impact on household consumption while agricultural subsidy and disaster relief have insignificant impacts. Empirical findings prove that the Behavioral Life Cycle Hypothesis is more practical than the Life Cycle Hypothesis. Moreover, they provide important macro policy implications as for how to stimulate farm consumption and expand domestic demand and encourage economic growth.

Revisiting the political life-cycle model: later maturation and turnout decline among young adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaat Smets
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Life Cycle Model ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Election Studies

Turnout among young adults has declined steadily in various advanced industrial democracies in recent decades. At the same time, as a consequence of delayed transitions to adulthood, many life-cycle events considered important for the development of electoral participation are experienced later in life. These combined trends call for a revaluation of the political life-cycle model and the way in which it explains voter turnout among young adults. More specifically, in this paper it is argued that variation in the timing of life events has been overlooked as an explanatory factor of generational differences in young adults’ propensity to turn out to vote. With accumulating evidence that the decision to vote is to some extent habitual, a lack of life experiences may cause young adults to form the habit to abstain rather than to vote. If the mechanisms of the life-cycle model are indeed correct, later maturation should at least partially explain why young adults these days are less inclined to vote than their parents or grandparents in their younger years. Based on the British Election Studies from 1964 to 2010, the findings of this study confirm generally observed patterns of a delayed assumption of adult roles by young citizens. This trend toward later maturation negatively affects turnout levels of young citizens. If maturation levels had remained at pre-war levels, the average turnout among Britain’s post-seventies generation would have been no less than 12 percentage points higher.

Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 962-963
Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Jones ◽  
Steve Chi-Tang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
Randolph W. Taylor ◽  
Henrie Treadwell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Wire Screen ◽  
Wide Mouth ◽  
Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

Debunking Generational Differences

ASHA Leader ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Maura G. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences
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