Software Defined Networking Based Optical Network:  A review

In the field of networking, software-defined networking (SDN) has obtained a lot of concentration from both academic and industry, and it aims to provide a flexible and programmable level of control, beside obtain efficient control and management of network systems. For such reasons, the software-defined networks (SDN) can be deemed as an essential task to accomplish these requirements. In the datacenters and networks, the SDN is used to allow the administrators of the networks to start programming, controlling, changing, and managing dynamically the network behavior with open interfaces and a reflection of lower-level functionality because the need for SDN-like switching technology has become evident for many users of network equipment, especially in large data centers. There are many algorithms and applications that have been considered in SDN such as (FP-MA), EON, (EQUAL-APP) (VONCR-APP), and (T-SDN) as use cases for approval purposes because the SDN provides several focal points to the power, operation, and administration of extensive range networks. This paper aims to review Optical Network using SDN, where many types of research papers are present techniques to improve near-optimal traffic engineering and management; measurement and monitoring of the significant parameters of the optical networks and manage the cross-layer issues such as debugging and testing.

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Scalable OneM2M IoT Open-Source Platform Evaluated in an SDN Optical Network Controller Scenario

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s22020431 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 431

Author(s):

Martina Troscia ◽

Andrea Sgambelluri ◽

Francesco Paolucci ◽

Piero Castoldi ◽

Paolo Pagano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Optical Networks ◽

Optical Network ◽

Software Defined Networking ◽

Production Network ◽

Adequate Level ◽

Network Controller ◽

Iot Devices ◽

Control Application ◽

The Way

Software Defined Networking represents a mature technology for the control of optical networks, though all open controller implementations present in the literature still lack the adequate level of maturity and completeness to be considered for (pre)-production network deployments. This work aims at experimenting on, assessing and discussing the use of the OneM2M open-source platform in the context of optical networks. Network elements and devices are implemented as IoT devices, and the control application is built on top of an OneM2M-compliant server. The work concretely addresses the scalability and flexibility performances of the proposed solution, accounting for the expected growth of optical networks. The two experiment scenarios show promising results and confirm that the OneM2M platform can be adopted in such a context, paving the way to other researches and studies.

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Optical Network Models and Their Application to Software-Defined Network Management

International Journal of Optics ◽

10.1155/2017/5150219 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thomas Szyrkowiec ◽

Achim Autenrieth ◽

Wolfgang Kellerer

Keyword(s):

Network Management ◽

Optical Networks ◽

Optical Transmission ◽

Optical Network ◽

Network Models ◽

Software Defined Networking ◽

Software Defined Network ◽

Optical Networking ◽

Model Ecosystem ◽

Fundamental Component

Software-defined networking is finding its way into optical networks. Here, it promises a simplification and unification of network management for optical networks allowing automation of operational tasks despite the highly diverse and vendor-specific commercial systems and the complexity and analog nature of optical transmission. Common abstractions and interfaces are a fundamental component for software-defined optical networking. Currently, a number of models for optical networks are available. They all claim to provide open and vendor agnostic management of optical equipment. In this work, we survey and compare the most important models and propose an intent interface for creating virtual topologies which is integrated in the existing model ecosystem.

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Optical Network Control and Management

Optical Networks ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198834229.003.0012 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 457-490

Author(s):

Debasish Datta

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

Performance Monitoring ◽

Optical Network ◽

Wdm Networks ◽

Network Control ◽

Telecommunication Networks ◽

Multiprotocol Label Switching ◽

Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching ◽

Automatically Switched Optical Network ◽

Control And Management

The task of network control and management is generally realized in two logical planes – control and management – which collaboratively operate to ensure smooth, secure, and survivable traffic flow in the data plane of the network. Some of the functionalities are realized in the control plane, needing real-time execution, such as recovery from network failures, and network reconfiguration due to traffic variation. Other functionalities deal with performance monitoring, configuration management, network security, accounting and billing etc., which are less time-sensitive and are addressed by the management plane. We first discuss the philosophy of multiple-layer abstraction of telecommunication networks, including control, management, and data planes, and then describe various network control and management techniques used in optical networks: operation, administration, and management (OAM) in SONET, generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS), automatically switched optical network (ASON), and software-defined optical networking (SDON) in WDM networks. (141 words)

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Control and Management of Optical Networks Using Optical Network Description Language

2018 Twenty Fourth National Conference on Communications (NCC) ◽

10.1109/ncc.2018.8600201 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nitin K. Lohar ◽

Subrat Kar

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

Optical Network ◽

Description Language ◽

Control And Management

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Performance Modeling and Analysis of WDM Optical Networks under Wavelength Continuity Constraint using MILP

Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) ◽

10.2174/2352096512666190214105927 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 203-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Swati Bhalaik ◽

Ashutosh Sharma ◽

Rajiv Kumar ◽

Neeru Sharma

Keyword(s):

Network Design ◽

Optical Networks ◽

Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽

Optical Network ◽

Optimal Path ◽

Topology Design ◽

Mixed Integer ◽

Wdm Optical Networks ◽

Virtual Topology ◽

Wdm Network

Objective: Optical networks exploit the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) to meet the ever-growing bandwidth demands of upcoming communication applications. This is achieved by dividing the enormous transmission bandwidth of fiber into smaller communication channels. The major problem with WDM network design is to find an optimal path between two end users and allocate an available wavelength to the chosen path for the successful data transmission. Methods: This communication over a WDM network is carried out through lightpaths. The merging of all these lightpaths in an optical network generates a virtual topology which is suitable for the optimal network design to meet the increasing traffic demands. But, this virtual topology design is an NP-hard problem. This paper aims to explore Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework to solve this design issue. Results: The comparative results of the proposed and existing mathematical models show that the proposed algorithm outperforms with the various performance parameters. Conclusion: Finally, it is concluded that network congestion is reduced marginally in the overall performance of the network.

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The Traffic Grooming Problem in Optical Networks with Respect to ADMs and OADMs: Complexity and Approximation

Algorithms ◽

10.3390/a14050151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Michele Flammini ◽

Gianpiero Monaco ◽

Luca Moscardelli ◽

Mordechai Shalom ◽

Shmuel Zaks

Keyword(s):

Cost Function ◽

Optical Networks ◽

Cost Minimization ◽

Convex Combination ◽

Optical Network ◽

Switching Cost ◽

Wavelength Assignment ◽

Intermediate Node ◽

Polynomial Time Approximation Algorithm ◽

Path Topology

All-optical networks transmit messages along lightpaths in which the signal is transmitted using the same wavelength in all the relevant links. We consider the problem of switching cost minimization in these networks. Specifically, the input to the problem under consideration is an optical network modeled by a graph G, a set of lightpaths modeled by paths on G, and an integer g termed the grooming factor. One has to assign a wavelength (modeled by a color) to every lightpath, so that every edge of the graph is used by at most g paths of the same color. A lightpath operating at some wavelength λ uses one Add/Drop multiplexer (ADM) at both endpoints and one Optical Add/Drop multiplexer (OADM) at every intermediate node, all operating at a wavelength of λ. Two lightpaths, both operating at the same wavelength λ, share the ADMs and OADMs in their common nodes. Therefore, the total switching cost due to the usage of ADMs and OADMs depends on the wavelength assignment. We consider networks of ring and path topology and a cost function that is a convex combination α·|OADMs|+(1−α)|ADMs| of the number of ADMs and the number of OADMs deployed in the network. We showed that the problem of minimizing this cost function is NP-complete for every convex combination, even in a path topology network with g=2. On the positive side, we present a polynomial-time approximation algorithm for the problem.

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Emulating Software-Defined Disaggregated Optical Networks in a Containerized Framework

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2081

Author(s):

Francisco-Javier Moreno-Muro ◽

Miquel Garrich ◽

Ignacio Iglesias-Castreño ◽

Safaa Zahir ◽

Pablo Pavón-Mariño

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Optical Systems ◽

Traffic Demand ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Infrastructure Project ◽

Optical Layer ◽

Optical Domain ◽

Control And Management ◽

Remote Communications

Telecom operators’ infrastructure is undergoing high pressure to keep the pace with the traffic demand generated by the societal need of remote communications, bandwidth-hungry applications, and the fulfilment of 5G requirements. Software-defined networking (SDN) entered in scene decoupling the data-plane forwarding actions from the control-plane decisions, hence boosting network programmability and innovation. Optical networks are also capitalizing on SDN benefits jointly with a disaggregation trend that holds the promise of overcoming traditional vendor-locked island limitations. In this work, we present our framework for disaggregated optical networks that leverages on SDN and container-based management for a realistic emulation of deployment scenarios. Our proposal relies on Kubernetes for the containers’ control and management, while employing the NETCONF protocol for the interaction with the light-weight software entities, i.e., agents, which govern the emulated optical devices. Remarkably, our agents’ structure relies on components that offer high versatility for accommodating the wide variety of components and systems in the optical domain. We showcase our proposal with the emulation of an 18-node European topology employing Cassini-compliant optical models, i.e., a state-of-the-art optical transponder proposed in the Telecom Infrastructure Project. The combination of our versatile framework based on containerized entities, the automatic creation of agents and the optical-layer characteristics represents a novel approach suitable for operationally complex carrier-grade transport infrastructure with SDN-based disaggregated optical systems.

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Modelling and Optimization of Multi-Service Optical Switching Networks with Threshold Management Mechanisms

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10131515 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 1515

Author(s):

Maciej Sobieraj ◽

Piotr Zwierzykowski ◽

Erich Leitgeb

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

Traffic Management ◽

Optical Switching ◽

Optical Network ◽

Research Work ◽

Simulation Environment ◽

Switching Networks ◽

Traffic Characteristics ◽

Threshold Mechanism ◽

Optical Switching Networks

DWDM networks make use of optical switching networks that allow light waves of multiple lengths to be serviced and provide the possibility of converting them appropriately. Research work on optical switching networks focuses on two main areas of interest: new non-blocking structures for optical switching networks and finding traffic characteristics of switching networks of the structures that are already well known. In practical design of switching nodes in optical networks, in many cases, the Clos switching networks are successfully used. Clos switching networks are also used in Elastic Optical Networks that can effectively manage allocation of resources to individual multi-service traffic streams. The research outcomes presented in this article deal with the problems of finding traffic characteristics in blocking optical switching networks with known structures. This article aims at presenting an analysis of the influence of traffic management threshold mechanisms on the traffic characteristics of multi-service blocking Clos switching networks that are used in the nodes of elastic optical networks as well as their influence on the traffic efficiency of network nodes. The analysis was carried out on the basis of research studies performed in a specially dedicated purpose-made simulation environment. The article presents a description of the simulation environment used in the experiments. The study was focused on the influence of the threshold mechanism, which is one of the most commonly used and elastic traffic management mechanisms, and on the traffic characteristics of switching networks that service different mixtures of multi-service Erlang, Engset and Pascal traffic streams. The conducted study validates the operational effectiveness and practicality of the application of the threshold mechanism to model traffic characteristics of nodes in an elastic optical network.

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Machine Learning Classification and Regression Approaches for Optical Network Traffic Prediction

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10131578 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 1578

Author(s):

Daniel Szostak ◽

Adam Włodarczyk ◽

Krzysztof Walkowiak

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Optical Networks ◽

Network Traffic ◽

Optical Network ◽

Optimization Methods ◽

Supervised Machine Learning ◽

Traffic Prediction ◽

Machine Learning Classification ◽

Classification And Regression ◽

Network Technologies

Rapid growth of network traffic causes the need for the development of new network technologies. Artificial intelligence provides suitable tools to improve currently used network optimization methods. In this paper, we propose a procedure for network traffic prediction. Based on optical networks’ (and other network technologies) characteristics, we focus on the prediction of fixed bitrate levels called traffic levels. We develop and evaluate two approaches based on different supervised machine learning (ML) methods—classification and regression. We examine four different ML models with various selected features. The tested datasets are based on real traffic patterns provided by the Seattle Internet Exchange Point (SIX). Obtained results are analyzed using a new quality metric, which allows researchers to find the best forecasting algorithm in terms of network resources usage and operational costs. Our research shows that regression provides better results than classification in case of all analyzed datasets. Additionally, the final choice of the most appropriate ML algorithm and model should depend on the network operator expectations.

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