scholarly journals Relationship between blood lipid and arterial stiffness in hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. E47-E55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-bei Si ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
History Of

Purpose: To explore the relationship between blood lipids and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Methods: We retrospectively selected subjects who had undergone treatment in an outpatient or inpatient clinic. The subjects were sub-grouped into four groups: Group A (no history of hypertension and dyslipidemia), Group B (a history of dyslipidemia but not hypertension), Group C (a history of hypertension but not dyslipidemia) and Group D (a history of both hypertension and dyslipidemia). We determined brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-C), total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein (TC/HDL-C) and atherogenic indices (AI) for hypertension and non-hypertension and dyslipidemia and non-dyslipidemia patients. Results: A total of 380 subjects were included. Uric acid, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure were significantly different among the groups. The prevalence of coronary arterial disease and diabetes mellitus, age, body mass index, heart rate, blood glucose, creatinine, urea, smoking history and alcohol consumption did not differ among groups. The baPWV was significantly different between both hypertension/nonhypertension and dyslipidemia/non-dyslipidemia patients. In hypertension patients (in Group C and D), partial correlation analysis showed that ΔbaPWV correlated with TC, HDL-C, AI, AIP and TC/HDL-C but not LDL-C, triglyceride (TG) or non-HDL-C. Conclusion: Hypertension and/or dyslipidemia may be risk factors for arterial stiffness. In hypertension patients, TC, HDL-C, AIP, AI and TC/HDL-C might correlate to arterial stiffness and pathological increases in these levels may indicate risk factors for arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals POS0217 PULSE WAVE VELOCITY ELEVATION ABOVE INDIVIDUAL REFERENCE VALUES AND AORTIC-BRACHIAL STIFFNESS MISMATCH AS EARLY MARKERS OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS INCREASE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 326.1-326
Author(s):  
E. Troitskaya ◽  
S. Velmakin ◽  
R. Osipyants ◽  
A. Arbuzova ◽  
V. R. Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
History Of

Background:Arterial stiffness (AS) is a known predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease. The measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered to be a gold standard of AS assessment but the recommended threshold of 10 m/s1 may not take into account multiple factors influencing PWV. Use of the proposed individual reference values may help to identify patients with AS increase despite PWV level below this threshold2. The impact of AS on CV outcomes may be mediated by the reversal of the aortic-brachial stiffness (AS gradient)3. One small study in patients with type 2 diabetes has shown that the aortic-brachial stiffness mismatch (hereafter AS mismatch) was an earlier marker of AS than PWV elevation4. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have high CV risk and may benefit from early detection of AS increase. Both approaches have not been studied in RA previouslyObjectives:To evaluate the incidence of PWV elevation above individual reference values and the frequency of AS mismatch in RAMethods:Study group included 85 patients (pts) with RA (females 77.6%, aged 59.7±14.3 years, HTN 65%, mean DAS-28(CRP) 3.7±1.1) and control group (40 pts matched by gender, age and risk factors). Parameters of AS were measured by applanation tonometry. Individual PWV reference values were assessed2. The AS gradient was calculated as carotid-femoral (cf)PWV/carotid-radial (cr)PWV ratio and its elevation ≥1 was considered as AS mismatch. р<0,05 was considered significantResults:In pts with RA with and without history of HTN mean cfPWV was 10.3±3.1 and 7.3±1.5 m/s, respectively, mean AS gradient – 1.4±0.4 and 1.1±0.1 (p<0.001 for trend); in controls – 9.6±1.9 and 6.7±1.4 m/s and 1.3±0.3 and 0.99±0.2, respectively (p<0.001 for trend). cfPWV elevation ≥10 m/s was observed in 34.1% pts with RA and 32.5% of controls: 6.7 and 6.3% of normotensives and 49.1 and 50% of hypertensives, respectively (p>0.05). cfPWV elevation above individual reference values was observed in 41.2% RA pts and 27.5% of controls (p=0.03): in 40% and 6.3% of normotensives (p=0.02) and 41.8% and 41.7% of hypertensives, respectively. After adjustment by age, gender and systolic BP cfPWV elevation above individual reference values in normotensive RA pts was independently associated with BMI (beta=0.39, р=0.02) and dyslipidemia (beta=0.48, р=0.01). The frequency of AS mismatch in RA was significantly higher compared to the controls in both normotensive and hypertensive subgroups: 76.7% vs 43.8% (p=0.03) and 94.5% vs 79.2% (p=0.04), respectively. The same trend was observed in a subgroup with normal cfPWV: AS mismatch was present in RA and controls in 82.1% vs 51.9% (p=0.004) in pts with PWV ≤ 10 m/s and in 82% and 51.7% (p=0.04), respectively in pts with PWV below individual reference values.Conclusion:Patients with RA are characterized by higher frequency of cfPWV elevation above individual reference values compared to controls irrespectively of history of HTN. This method may be more appropriate for AS evaluation than use of standard criteria in this population. AS mismatch in RA pts is highly prevalent and may be considered as an earlier marker of AS than cfPWV elevation. These findings may be used for early detection of vascular ageing in patients with RA.References:[1]Williams B, et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J Hypertens 2018;36(10):1953-2041[2]Reference Values for Arterial Stiffness’ Collaboration. Determinants of pulse wave velocity in healthy people and in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors: ‘establishing normal and reference values’. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(19):2338-50[3]Yu S, et al. Central Versus Peripheral Artery Stiffening and Cardiovascular Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020;40(5):1028-1033[4]Troitskaya, E., et al. Aortic-brachial stiffness mismatch in patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, J Hypertens 2018;36:e191Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Elevated levels of urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate are associated with arterial stiffness in Korean adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Haam ◽  
Young-Sang Kim ◽  
Doo-Yeoun Cho ◽  
Hyejin Chun ◽  
Sang-Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that cellular perturbations play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we analyzed the association between the levels of urinary metabolites and arterial stiffness. Our cross-sectional study included 330 Korean men and women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as a marker of arterial stiffness. Urinary metabolites were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was found to be positively correlated with l-lactate, citrate, isocitrate, succinate, malate, hydroxymethylglutarate, α-ketoisovalerate, α-keto-β-methylvalerate, methylmalonate, and formiminoglutamate among men. Whereas, among women, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was positively correlated with cis-aconitate, isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate. In the multivariable regression models adjusted for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, three metabolite concentrations (urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate) were independently and positively associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Increased urine isocitrate, hydroxymethylglutarate, and formiminoglutamate concentrations were associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in cells may be related to arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Ischaemic Stroke in an Omani Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Sundar Ganguly ◽  
Arunodaya R. Gujjar ◽  
Hasina Al Harthi ◽  
Amal Al Hashmi ◽  
Sanjay Jaju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Case Control ◽  
High Density ◽  
History Of

Objectives: Stroke is recognized to be the third most common cause of mortality, with increasing incidence among developing countries. Recognition and control of risk factors is of prime importance in the prevention of stroke. We aimed to study the characteristics of ischemic stroke (IS) patients in Oman, and quantify its various risk factors using a case-control model. Methods: This study conducted from January 2012 to March 2013 included 255 adult Omani patients with IS admitted to two premier hospitals in Oman, compared to 255 age- and gender-matched controls. Demographic factors and frequency of various conventional risk factors were documented. Univariate and step-wise multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the risk factors associated for IS. Results: Of the 255 cases, 63% were males. The mean age was 62.2 ± 13.2 years. Most of the cases (89%)  were above 45 years of age. Cardio-embolism(32%) was the commonest mechanism of IS. The stepwise multiple logistic regression model revealed that family history of stroke was the strongest independent risk factor with odds ratio (OR) of 10.10, followed by hypertension with OR of 5.17 and high-density lipoprotein with OR 3.34 (p< 0.01). Conclusions: Cardio-embolism was the predominant mechanism of IS in this study. Family history of stroke, hypertension and reduced high-density lipoprotein were the leading independent risk factors. Strong emphasis on screening for risk factors, control of hypertension and life-style modification for those with family history of stroke, would be expected to emerge as the major stroke-preventive measures in Oman. Keywords:  Ischemic stroke; Risk factors; Case-control study; Oman.

scholarly journals Impact of cardiovascular risk factors in vascular remodelling of pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Ferreira ◽  
M J Azevedo ◽  
A P Machado ◽  
F A Saraiva ◽  
B Sampaio Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
First Trimester

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy is a physiological condition of hemodynamic overload, characterized by a progressive reduction of peripheral vascular resistance, which normalizes postpartum. Purpose To characterize arterial stiffness and endothelial function during pregnancy and postpartum and to investigate the impact of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The secondary aim was to explore the potential association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and risk for preeclampsia. Methods Prospective cohort study including volunteer pregnant women (healthy, obese and/or hypertensive) recruited in a tertiary centre between 2019 and 2020, at their 1st or 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Women were evaluated at the first trimester [10–15 weeks, baseline], third trimester [30–35 weeks, peak of CV remodelling] of pregnancy as well as at the 1st month and 6th month after delivery (CV reverse remodelling stages). The evaluation included clinical characterization through questionnaires as well as arterial stiffness and endothelial assessment by PWV and EndoPAT, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis H test and Friedman test were used as appropriate to between and within groups comparisons. Bonferroni correction was applied. Spearman correlation was performed to determine the relationship between PWV and risk for preeclampsia. Results We included 34 pregnant women with a median age of 34 [26; 41]years, 50% being hypertensive and/or obese. Arterial stiffness decreased significantly from the 1st to the 3rd trimester (6.3 [5.3 to 7.8] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s, p&lt;0.001), normalizing only at the 6th months (5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s vs 6.3 [5.5 to 8.3] cm/s, p=0.001). A significant deterioration of endothelial function became evident from 1st to 3rd trimester (logarithm of reactive hyperemia index [lnRHI]: 0.74 [0.05 to 1.20] vs 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79], p=0.020). However, its slight amelioration begun only 6 months after delivery (3rd trimester: lnRHI 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79] vs 6 months at postpartum: lnRHI 0.53 [0.10 to 1.01], p&gt;0.99). Compared to the healthy pregnant women, the CV risk factors group showed a higher pulse wave velocity only at the peak of CV remodelling (5.6 [5.3 to 7.3] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.2] cm/s, p=0.016), without any other differences in other parameters of time points evaluated. Pulse wave velocity at the first trimester revealed a positive association with risk for preeclampsia (r=0.485, p=0.026). Conclusion Our cohort presented a significant decrease in vascular resistance during pregnancy and normalization at the 6th month after delivery. Pregnant women with cardiovascular risk factors showed an increased arterial stiffness in the 3rd trimester compared to healthy pregnant women. Pulse wave velocity correlated positively with the risk for preeclampsia. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Universidade do Porto/FMUP and FSE-Fundo Social Europeu; FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology

Abstract WP197: Race (Black-White) and Sex Divergences in the Relationship of Childhood Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Arterial Stiffness in Adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengxu Li ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Camilo Fernandez ◽  
Sathanur R Srinivasan ◽  
Gerald S Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
White Women ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Race Difference

Arterial stiffness is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases including stroke. It has been established that childhood cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are predictive of adulthood arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity. Limited information is available on this relationship such as race- and sex-specific differential effects. This aspect was examined in a black-white, longitudinal cohort of 786 adults (28% blacks, 42% men) aged 23-44 years who were examined as both children (age<18 years) and adults (age≥18 years) for traditional CV risk factors with an average follow-up period of 24.2 years. Multiple childhood measurements were averaged and standardized to age-specific z-scores. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measured by an automatic oscillometric technique was used as an index of arterial stiffness in adults. Systolic blood pressure in childhood was predictive of baPWA in adults (P=0.002) in the total cohort. However, nominally significant (P<0.05) childhood predictors of adult baPWV included body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and systolic blood pressure in white men; systolic blood pressure in white women; and BMI in black women. For race difference, childhood LDL-C tended to show a stronger effect on baPWA in adults in whites than in blacks (P=0.04). For sex difference, BMI tended to be a stronger predictor and LDL-C a weaker predictor in women than in men (P=0.0002 and P=0.003, respectively). Such differences persisted even after adjustment for adulthood risk factors (P<0.05 in all cases). In conclusion, the predictability of childhood CV risk factors for increased arterial stiffness in adulthood varies by race and sex, and this observation indicates that arterial stiffening is different in blacks vs whites and in men vs women.

Pulse wave velocity is associated with cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (13) ◽  
pp. 1483-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Angermann ◽  
Marcus Baumann ◽  
Siegfried Wassertheurer ◽  
Christopher Clemens Mayer ◽  
Dominik Steubl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Oscillometric Device ◽  
Underlying Pathogenesis

Cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients is common and associated with adverse outcomes. So far, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the potential relationship between cognitive impairment and three different categories of risk factors with particular focus on arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV). A total of 201 chronic hemodialysis patients underwent cognitive testing under standardized conditions using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Demographic data including cardiovascular risk factors, dialysis-associated factors as well as factors related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) were analyzed. To account for arterial stiffness, PWV was measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitoried with an oscillometric device that records brachial blood pressure along with pulse waves. In our cohort, 60.2% of patients showed pathological MoCA test results indicating cognitive impairment. PWV was significantly associated with cognitive impairment apart from age, educational level, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. High prevalence of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients was confirmed. For the first time, an association between cognitive impairment and arterial stiffness was detected in a larger cohort of hemodialysis patients. Concerning the underlying pathogenesis of cognitive impairment, current results revealed a potential involvement of arterial stiffness, which has to be further evaluated in future studies.

scholarly journals Pulse Wave Velocity Is Associated with Increased Plasma oxLDL in Ageing but Not with FGF21 and Habitual Exercise

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Shuen Yee Lee ◽  
Stephen F. Burns ◽  
Kenneth K.C. Ng ◽  
David J. Stensel ◽  
Liang Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Habitual Exercise

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and adiponectin increase the expression of genes involved in antioxidant pathways, but their roles in mediating oxidative stress and arterial stiffness with ageing and habitual exercise remain unknown. We explored the role of the FGF21–adiponectin axis in mediating oxidative stress and arterial stiffness with ageing and habitual exercise. Eighty age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were assigned to younger sedentary or active (18–36 years old, n = 20 each) and older sedentary or active (45–80 years old, n = 20 each) groups. Arterial stiffness was measured indirectly using pulse wave velocity (PWV). Fasted plasma concentrations of FGF21, adiponectin and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) were measured. PWV was 0.2-fold higher and oxLDL concentration was 25.6% higher (both p < 0.001) in older than younger adults, despite no difference in FGF21 concentration (p = 0.097) between age groups. PWV (p = 0.09) and oxLDL concentration (p = 0.275) did not differ between activity groups but FGF21 concentration was 9% lower in active than sedentary individuals (p = 0.011). Adiponectin concentration did not differ by age (p = 0.642) or exercise habits (p = 0.821). In conclusion, age, but not habitual exercise, was associated with higher oxidative stress and arterial stiffness. FGF21 and adiponectin did not differ between younger and older adults, meaning that it is unlikely that they mediate oxidative stress and arterial stiffness in healthy adults.

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