scholarly journals The Relevance of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2020 in Efforts of State Losses Refund through Restorative Justice

Corruptio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Niko Jaya Kusuma ◽  
Firganefi Firganefi ◽  
Muhammad Farid
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The government has moved quickly to find a legal breakthrough related to reducing corruption in Indonesia. One of the efforts made by the government is through the Supreme Court to eradicate corruption is the enactment of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for the Criminalization of Articles 2 and 3 of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The consideration is that the imposition of a crime must be carried out with due regard for the certainty and proportionality of punishment to realize justice based on Pancasila and the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution. The objectives of the Supreme Court Regulation prioritize victim’s losses to be recovered. Moreover, the regulation proportional benefits in imposing penalties on criminal cases is compatible with the Restorative Justice approach. The restorative justice process is expected to be a legal breakthrough in restoring state finances, with dealing with Criminal Corruption Cases focusing on efforts to restore state finances as a whole rather than just prosecuting the perpetrators. Thus, the purpose of this research is to determine how relevant Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2020 are to efforts to recover state losses through restorative justice. This research employs both a normative and an empirical legal approach. Data were gathered through literature reviews and field studies and analyzed qualitatively. The present study confirmed the author's thoughts about the relevancies of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2020 to recover state losses through restorative justice as Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2020 play a role as a law enforcement's main element as a legal substance.

scholarly journals Some psychological impacts on judging in criminal cases within the Supreme Court of Cassation of the Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Dragutin Avramović
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Psychological Impacts ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Media Pressure

Following hypothesis of Andrew Watson, American professor of Psychiatry and Law, the author analyses certain psychological impacts on behavior of judges and examines the relationship between their idiosyncrasies and their judicial decisions. The survey encompasses the judges of Criminal Department of the Supreme Court of Cassation of the Republic of Serbia and, also, for comparative reasons, the judges of Criminal Department of the First Basic Court in Belgrade. Considering the main issues there is no great discrepancy between answers given by the judges of the Supreme Court and those of the Basic Court. Most responses of the Serbian judges deviate from Watson's conclusions, namely: they do not admit that they feel frustrated due to heavy caseloads, the significant majority of judges are reluctant to acknowledge their prejudices and influence of biases on their ruling, the significant majority of judges are not burdened with the idea of possible misuse of their discretion, they nearly unanimously deny that public opinion and media pressure affect their rulings, etc. Generally, the judges in Serbia are not willing to admit that they cannot always overcome their own subjectivities.

ANALISIS YURIDIS PENDIRIAN DAN PEMBUBARAN ORGANISASI MASYARAKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
M. KHAIRUL WARDI
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The spirit of building a nation began before and after Indonesia's independence. One of the ways is by establishing a Social Organization, the provisions of the Law on Mass Organizations under the Staatsblad 1870 Number 64 concerning Legal Entities (Rechtspersoonlijkhied van Vereenigingen) which were established before the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia and consistently maintaining the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. as a national asset and do not need to register in accordance with the provisions of this Law. Organizations are required to have AD and ART to be used as guidelines in carrying out organizational activities, ratification as a Association Legal Entity issued by the Minister of Law and Human Rights. CBOs are prohibited from spreading teachings and actions that are contrary to Pancasila. So that Law Number 17 of 2013 concerning Mass Organizations is no longer sufficient, finally the government issued Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2017 to explain more broadly about prohibited teachings / understandings. The research method used is normative research, with the focus of the study being on the statutory approach to the establishment and dissolution of Community Organizations and reviewing the Supreme Court Decisions related to the establishment and dissolution of CSOs by taking case studies of NW and HTI decisions. The purpose of this study is to find out how the procedures for establishing community organizations and the dissolution mechanism of CSOs. Furthermore, conducting a case study based on the Decision of the Supreme Court Number 37K / TUN / 2016 concerning the establishment of Nahdlatul Wathan (NW) and Decision Number 27K / TUN / 2019 concerning the dissolution of the Indonesian Hizb ut-Tahrir Association (HTI).

scholarly journals Tinjauan Yuridis Pengajuan Permohonan Peninjauan Kembali pada Perkara Pidana dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
I Made Widi Adi Peremana ◽  
A. A. Sagung Laksmi Dewi ◽  
Ni Made Sukaryati Karma
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Circular Letter ◽  
The Republic

The study of this research is the submission of requests for reconsideration in criminal cases in the Indonesian legal system which became a polemic after the issuance of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 34 / XI-PUU / 2013 and Circular Letter of the Supreme Court (SEMA) Number 7 of 2014 concerning Submission of Reappeals in Cases Criminal. The research objectives to be achieved, in this case, are the regulation of legal reconsideration efforts in Indonesia and the procedure for submitting a request for review in the Indonesian system. Researchers use a normative juridical approach or library research or doctrinal legal research which can be interpreted as legal research by examining library materials and secondary materials. This study illustrates that the regulations for reconsideration in the legal system in Indonesia are based on various regulations, namely Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, Law No. 3 of 2009 concerning the Supreme Court, Law no. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power, Circular Letter of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia No. 7 of 2014 concerning Review of Criminal Cases and Submission of Reconsiderations at this time refers to the provisions of the Circular Letter of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia No. 7 of 2014 concerning Reconsideration in Criminal Cases.  

scholarly journals Government Policy on Child Crime Through the Concept of Diversion as a Solution Amid the Spread of Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Karsudin Karsudin ◽  
Irma Cahyaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

This study aims to analyze the concept of diversion as an instrument to realize restorative justice, applied in the Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number M. HH-19. PK.01.04.04 of 2020 Regarding Release and Acquittal of Prisoners and Children Through Assimilation and Integration to Prevent and Control the Spread of Covid-19. The research method used in this research is normative juridical using secondary legal data. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the handling of juvenile criminal cases through the concept of diversion based on restorative justice is carried out to guarantee and respect the dignity of the child, carried out in the best interests of the child and by considering justice for the victim. The government, which is represented by The Minister of Law and Human Rights, has made a very responsive policy through the Decree of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number M. HH-19. PK.01.04.04 of 2020 Regarding Release and Acquittal of Prisoners and Children Through Assimilation and Integration to Prevent and Control the Spread of Covid-19.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDONESIAN GENERAL COURTS(BASED ON THE DECREE OF THE DIRECTOR- GENERAL OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-434
Author(s):  
Haposan Sahala Raja Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Director General ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Republic

The shift in punishment in the criminal justice system prioritizes justice for victims and perpetrators of criminal acts in addition to alternative punish- ments such as social work and others carried out with a restorative justice approach. Focusing on the process  of  direct  criminal  responsibility  from the perpetrator to the victim and society, if the perpetrator and victim and  the community whose rights have been violated feel that justice has been achieved through collective deliberation efforts, punishment can be avoided. The perpetrator is not the main object of the restorative justice approach,   but the sense of justice and conflict recovery itself are the main objects. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, on December 22 2020, through the Director-General of the General Courts Agency, has made Decree Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 concerning the Enforcement of Guidelines for the Implementation of Restorative Justice in the Indonesian General Courts. With the normative juridical research method, with the nature of qualitative descriptive research, by examining secondary data obtained through the Decree of the Director-General of the General Courts of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 and other related regulations which has relevance to the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts’ environment. The results of the research show the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts, as stated in the Decree of the Director-General of the Supreme Courts Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020, which must apply and be applied by all district courts in Indonesia, especially in terms of case settlement in action. Minor offenses, child cases, women in conflict with the law and nar- cotics cases. The existence of alternative case resolution through restorative justice can realize the principles of fast, simple and low cost with balanced justice.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Judiciary in Turkmenistan after 1991. Aspects of Development of Administrative Judiciary

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Roman Burenko
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Arbitration Procedure ◽  
Local Courts ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the process of formation of the Turkmen judicial system after Turkmenistan declared independence in 1991. The stages of reforming and transformation of the judicial system in the Republic of Turkmenistan in different periods are studied: 1990–2000, 2001–2020. In addition, the structure of the judicial system of Turkmenistan, the system of courts of general jurisdiction (regional courts and local courts), the system of arbitration courts, judicial boards of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Turkmenistan (in civil cases, arbitration cases, administrative cases, criminal cases) is analyzed, and the judicial selfgovernment bodies of the Republic of Turkmenistan are also investigated: the National Conference of Judges, the Qualification Board of Judges, the Council of People’s Assessors at district courts. In addition, the norms of the Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Turkmenistan, the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Republic of Turkmenistan and the Code of the Republic of Turkmenistan on Administrative Procedures on issues arising from administrative and public legal relations are analyzed. The article draws attention to the lack of functioning of the constitutional judicial system and the Constitutional Court in the Republic of Turkmenistan, as well as the need to establish constitutional control over normative acts of the legislative and executive branches of the republic in the country. It is proposed to establish administrative courts in Turkmenistan in all regional centres of the country and the capital of the republic, as well as to adopt the Code of Administrative Procedure of Turkmenistan in the country. The article draws attention to the fact that the creation or liquidation of arbitration, regional or local courts would be carried out not only on the basis of a Presidential Decree, but also on the basis of a proposal of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Turkmenistan with the consent of the Parliament of the Republic of Turkmenistan.

scholarly journals Judicial Review On The Authority Of National Institution In The Disbanding Of Community Organization Who Are Contradicting The 1945 Constitution Of The Republic Of Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Theo Negoro ◽  
Demson Tiopan ◽  
Haykal Hassanain
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Temporary Suspension ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

A community organization who contradicts the constitution will obviously disturb the common order and also disturb the system of Indonesian people and the nation itself, especially if such organization aims to change the Indonesian constitution. In Chapter XVII of Law Number 17 of 2013 regarding Community Organization, later known as the Community Organization Law, it is stated that the disbanding of community organization must go through a procedure which consist of a warning, temporary suspension and then the disbanding by the court of law. In the Community Organization Law, the disbanding of an organization is done by a Judicative Institution which is through the decision of a judicial board. However, the Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2017 regarding the Amendment on Law Number 17 of 2013 regarding Community Organization, later known as the Government Regulation in Lieu of Community Organization Law states that the disbanding of a Community Organization contradicting the constitution only goes through the administrative admonition, temporary suspension of activity, and later the revocation of listed certification or the revocation of lawful institution status by the Government. The purpose of this research is to discover the authority of National Institution in disbanding Community Organization that contradicts the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and also the authoritative obstacle faced by the national institution in dissolving such organizations. This research is a normative one which researched existing secondary data as a literary data supported by empirical data acquired from interview processes. Result of the research shows that the governmental institution which in this case are the Ministry of Law and Human Rights and Judicative Institution which in this case the Supreme Court has authority to disband Community Organizations that contradicts the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia based on normative terms. However, in order to establish justice on said organization, the disbanding must be done by Judicative Institution so that it is more objective, but not by the Supreme Court, but by the Constitutional Court, due to the existence of Public Organizations being closely related to the Constitutional Right the way it is for the Political Parties. This research suggests that the disbanding of Community Organizations that contradicts the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia should be done by the Constitutional Court, preceded by material check on the applicable positive law.   Keywords: Authority; National Institution; Community Organization; Constitution

scholarly journals SINKRONISASI PENANGANAN PERKARA PIDANA YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH SUBJEK HUKUM KORPORASI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-89
Author(s):  
Wahyu Priyanka Nata Permana
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Attorney General ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Subjects

Korporasi dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia telah ditempatkan sebagai subjek hukum tindak pidana yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Dalam praktek penanganan perkara pidana yang melibatkan korporasi sebagai subjek hukum masih menemui kendala dalam prosedur dan tata cara pemeriksaan korporasi sebagai pelaku tindak pidana, oleh karena itu Mahkamah Agung RI dan Jaksa Agung RI mengeluarkan pedoman penanganan perkara tindak pidana oleh korporasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sinkronisai antara Peraturan Mahkamah Agung RI dengan Peraturan Jaksa Agung RI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif serta sumber data primer dan sekunder. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya keseragaman dalam sebagian besar penangangan perkara pidana dalam Peraturan Jaksa Agung dengan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung, tetapi dalam pelaksanaan putusan pidana terhadap korporasi terdapat perbedaan ketika korporasi tidak membayar pidana denda dan harta korporasi tidak mencukupi untuk membayar denda tersebut. Terhadap hal-hal yang tidak diatur oleh Peraturan Jaksa Agung, berkenaan pemeriksaan terhadap korporasi dalam hal terjadi peleburan, penggabungan, pemisahan dan proses pembubaran korporasi telah termuat dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung.Corporations in the Indonesian legislation have been placed as criminal liability subject. In practice the handling of criminal cases involving corporations as legal subjects still encounters obstacles in the procedures and procedures of corporation examination as perpetrators of criminal acts, Therefore the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia and the Attorney General of Indonesia issued guidelines for handling criminal cases by corporations. This study aims to see the synchronization between the Regulation of the Supreme Court and the Attorney General's Regulation. The research method used is normative juridical with qualitative approach as well as primary and secondary data sources. The results of the study indicate the existence of uniformity in the majority of criminal case handling in the Attorney General's Regulation with the Supreme Court Regulation, but in the execution of criminal verdict against the corporation there is a difference when the corporation does not pay the fine, and the corporation's property is not sufficient to pay the fine. In respect of matters not governed by the Attorney General's Regulation, concerning the examination of the corporation in the event of a merger, merger, separation and dissolution process of the corporation has been contained in the Supreme Court Regulation

scholarly journals PENGATURAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KORPORASI DALAM TINDAK PIDANA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP / THE REGULATION OF CORPORATE LIABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMINAL ACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Nuzul Qur'aini Mardiya
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Business

Kebakaran hutan dan lahan khususnya lahan gambut selama ini menjadi perhatian pemerintah secara nasional dan lintas negara. Penegakan hukum tindak pidana lingkungan bagi korporasi yang melakukan pembakaran hutan dan lahan menjadi hal penting karena berdampak pada kerusakan lingkungan dan gangguan kesehatan. Ketentuan mengenai tanggung jawab bagi korporasi dalam tindak pidana lingkungan telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas yang menyatakan Direktur Perusahaan tidak dapat melepaskan dirinya dari pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam hal perusahaan yang dipimpinnya mencemari dan atau merusak lingkungan. Senada dengan itu, Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup juga mengatur bila pertanggungjawaban dapat dikenakan kepada badan hukum dan para pengurusnya secara bersama-sama, dalam hal kegiatan dan/atau usaha korporasi tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran dan atau kerusakan lingkungan hidup. UU PPLH ini kemudian didukung dengan perangkat aturan penanganan perkara di Mahkamah Agung yakni Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 Tahun 2016 tentang Tata Cara Penanganan Perkara Tindak Pidana Oleh Korporasi dan Keputusan Ketua Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor: 36/KMA/SK/II/2013 tentang Pemberlakuan Pedoman Penanganan Perkara Lingkungan Hidup.Land and forest fire especially peatland so far had been a serious concern for the government that pay  attention nationally and cross country. Law enforcement of environment for a criminal that burn forests and land areas are important because resulted in an impairment of health and environmental damage. Provisions on corporate accountability for the environment in a criminal offense has been regulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Company that had been said the company could not set them free from criminal responsibility in terms of companies made pollution and damage the environment. Law Number 32 of 2009 on The Protection And Environmental Management (PPLH) also regulate if accountability may be subject to the body of laws and the managers together, in activities and/or corporate business if it causes the pollution and or damage environment. PPLH Law were then supported with a device rules of case handling in the Supreme Court such as Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 on the procedures for case handling of a criminal act in corporate and Decree of Chief Justice of The Republic of Indonesia Number: 36/KMA/SK/II/2013 about the guidelines of case handling in environmental issue.

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