Policy and Legislations on Microplastics Pollution Management in Vietnam

Plastic pollution has become a major global environmental problem. The amount of plastic waste, including microplastics discharged into the environment, is on the increase, causing harm to the environment, ecosystems, especially marine ecosystems, entering the food chain, and affecting human health. Recognizing the environmental risks of plastic waste, the State has issued many legal documents on plastic waste management such as the Law on Environmental Protection (2014, 2020); Law on Environmental Protection Tax 2010; National environmental protection strategy up to 2020, Vision 2030; National strategy on integrated solid waste management up to 2025, Vision 2050, among others. However, there are still many shortcomings to plastic waste management in Vietnam, e.g. there are no effective solutions in reducing, sorting, collecting, reusing, recycling and treating waste. More importantly, public awareness and understanding of microplastic pollution in Vietnam still need improving. Therefore, pollution caused by microplastics needs to be studied and evaluated in relation to its origin, current situation, impacts and management policies.

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The plastic waste problem in Malaysia: management, recycling and disposal of local and global plastic waste

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04234-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Hui Ling Chen ◽

Tapan Kumar Nath ◽

Siewhui Chong ◽

Vernon Foo ◽

Chris Gibbins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Management Policy ◽

State Governments ◽

Global Trends ◽

Policy Initiatives ◽

Waste Management Policy ◽

Management Hierarchy

AbstractPlastic waste is one of the world’s most pressing human health and environmental concerns. Plastic constitutes the third highest waste source globally, with the total volume of plastic waste growing in-line with increases in the global population and per capita consumption. Malaysia is tracking global trends in both the overall generation of plastic waste and the consumption of single-use plastics and since 2017 has been the world’s largest importer of plastic waste. These elements create a number of major challenges for the country’s waste management system. This review outlines the current state of plastic waste production and management in Malaysia, including options for landfill, recycling and incineration. It presents information on the scale and both the human and ecological risks of plastic waste in the country (i.e. microplastics, landfill, incineration), outlines key plastic waste management policy initiatives (including plastics alternatives such as biodegradable plastics) and highlights key constraints on the success of these. Significant internal constraints stem from the inconsistent application of policy initiatives by state governments, in addition to the lack of public awareness and interest in household recycling. The paper closes by discussing options for and constraints on the switch to biodegradable alternatives and proposes a model of plastic management based on a circular economy approach and solid waste management hierarchy. Success in reducing the problems posed by plastic in Malaysia will require sustained effort at many levels, but positive experiences in other countries give some cause for optimism.

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SOLID WASTE TO THEME BASED PARKS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA: A HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE, ECO-FRIENDLY AND SKILLED INITIATIVE FOR ENTREPRENEURS

SMS Journal of Enterpreneurship & Innovation ◽

10.21844/smsjei.v5i1.15146 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. S. Radhakrishnan . ◽

Mrs. Sunita Yadav ◽

Dr. Bhagwan Singh

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Social Entrepreneurship ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Economic Status ◽

Well Being ◽

Himachal Pradesh ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Social Entrepreneurs ◽

The Status

Waste is generated by various day to day human activities. Adopting improper waste handling and disposal methods can harm the well-being of public and environment. Waste management creates new opportunities for entrepreneurs in terms of social causes and it affects the economic structure and economic status of any country. One of the new approaches in waste management and income generation is Social entrepreneurship. But in Bharat i.e. India the young entrepreneurs have a dearth of consciousness towards social entrepreneurship. This paper discusses the status of solid waste management in India and Government initiatives for managing Solid Waste at Dharamshala. The main objectives of study are 1) to check awareness of people in managing solid waste at Dharamsala 2) and how to convert the plastic waste into theme based parks as skilled initiative for entrepreneurs at tourist spots in Himachal Pradesh. The paper thus explores the scope for entrepreneurs in waste management. The study reveals that Solid waste management concept attracted the attention of government around 1970s. But till now we believe in filling the waste in the ground or putting them in the dustbin. Government of India has created few acts and rules on waste management which are listed in this paper. Through this study it is revealed that people of Dharamshala welcome to the construction of themed parks made from plastic bottles. Majority of these people believe in separating waste at home and according to them conditions of waste disposal at Dharamshala are not very good. There is a positive correlation between people’s opinion of constructing theme parks and using plastic bottles in park’s construction. Study believes that the quantity of plastic waste in our country is endless which creates lot scope and opportunity to the social entrepreneurs.

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How important risk analysis of plastic pollution in coastal area? Case study in Masohi, Central Maluku

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020002014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 200 ◽

pp. 02014

Author(s):

Bachtiar W Mutaqin ◽

Muh Aris Marfai ◽

Muhammad Helmi ◽

Nurhadi Nurhadi ◽

Muhammad Rizali Umarella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Awareness ◽

Coastal Areas ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Small Island ◽

Marine Biota ◽

Plastic Pollution ◽

Short Period ◽

Almost All ◽

And Function ◽

Interdisciplinary Study

Human pressure on the coastal and aquatic surrounding ecosystem in Indonesia, through plastic waste, is increasing, considering that 60 % of the approximately 250 million people live in the coastal areas. Plastic waste originating from human activities has become a massive problem in almost all the small island and coastal regions, especially in the eastern part of Indonesia. This condition is caused by poor waste management and a lack of public awareness in disposing of waste in its place, including in an area known as its marine biodiversities and marine tourism spots like Masohi in Central Maluku. Also, the composition of waste is dominated by plastic waste that cannot be decomposed in a short period, continue circulated on the ocean currents, and will be deposited in coastal areas. Furthermore, some plastic waste will break down into micro-plastics that pollute not only the environment but also marine biota, which are often consumed by humans. This situation profoundly affects the sustainability and function of aquaecosystem services in coastal areas. Therefore, a comprehensive policy and regulation, and interdisciplinary study for analysing vulnerable coastal ecosystem, and mitigating the potential risk of plastic pollution in Masohi, Central Maluku are essential to be conducted.

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The Treatment of Industrial Waste by Recycling in Tunisia

Journal of Economics and Management Sciences ◽

10.30560/jems.v1n1p13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. p13

Author(s):

Lamia Jamel

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Industrial Waste Management

Waste management in Tunisia is currently one of the priorities of environmental protection and is one of the main pillars of sustainable development. Thus, Tunisia has opted for a comprehensive and progressive policy of environmental protection in order to manage with the current state of the object affected by the strong economic growth and the environment rapid urban expansion in recent years. The area of waste management has received attention currently given the quantity produced changes in the multiplicity of forms and aspects of pollution caused by waste, and limited resources used in the field of solid waste management. During this, our research has been devoted to the study of the phenomenon of industrial waste management by recycling in Tunisia. We employ a model based on a time series analysis model for a period of 17 years from 2000 to 2016. Additionally, we estimate the ability to manage industrial waste recycling based on variables related to the business of recycling industrial waste, variables related to the intervention of Tunisia policy in the management of industrial waste recycling and macroeconomic indicators. From the empirical findings, we conclude that the macro-economic indicators have a negative impact on the dependent variable. The variables related to the intervention of Tunisia policy in industrial waste management through recycling have a positive impact and a negative impact depending on the nature of the waste. And finally, the variable relative to the activity of recycling industrial waste TRDI has a positive impact and DIG variable has a negative impact.

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Appraisal of the Level of Coordination among Solid Waste Management Agencies in Zaria Urban Area, Kaduna–Nigeria

Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 9 - September - International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ◽

10.38124/ijisrt20sep493 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 797-804

Author(s):

Tpl. Lawal Kabir Tunau ◽

Tpl. Moses Zira Wanda

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Urban Area ◽

Information Exchange ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Likert Scale ◽

Ordinal Scale ◽

Agency Relationship ◽

Awareness Campaigns

The paper is aimed at determining the level of coordination that exists among the different agencies that are involved in solid waste management in Zaria Urban area. Structured questionnaire and literature review were used to obtain data and information on the roles and responsibilities of agencies involved in solid waste management as well as the nature of inter-agency relationship in the study area. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 13 representatives of the Solid Waste Management agencies. Methods of data analysis employed for the research were the descriptive statistics (frequency analysis, percentage distribution, mean scores, grand mean scores and content analysis) for both government agencies and formal private waste collectors. The two points ordinal scale 1 representing yes and 2 representing no was employed for obtaining information on inter-agency relationships while the multiple options likert scale format was used for obtaining information on the level of coordination that exists among the different agencies, using such indicators as collaboration, consultation and information exchange. The multiple options likert scale questions type was also used to obtain information on effects of absence of a well-coordinated solid waste management system within the study area. The results of the analysis of the indicators of coordination using the two points ordinal scale on inter-agency relationship and other indicators, that is collaboration, consultation and information exchange also signified inefficient coordination among the agencies. The paper recommended among others that, there is need to prepare a well-coordinated and common solid waste management plan for common implementation by all stakeholders, which will guide policy formulation and coordinate all urban solid waste management issues within the urban area and also information exchange should be improved by providing effective means of communication among the institutions in the areas of public awareness campaigns, regularity of accessibility of the institutions to up to date information from other institutions

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Integrated Models for Solid Waste Management in Tourism Regions: Langkawi Island, Malaysia

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2011/709549 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Elmira Shamshiry ◽

Behzad Nadi ◽

Mazlin Bin Mokhtar ◽

Ibrahim Komoo ◽

Halimaton Saadiah Hashim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Management Practices ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Integrated Solid Waste Management ◽

Waste Production ◽

Local Residents ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Waste Management Practices

The population growth, changing consumption patterns, and rapid urbanization contribute significantly to the growing volumes of solid waste that are generated in urban settings. As the rate of urbanization increases, demand on the services of solid waste management increases. The rapid urban growth in Langkawi Island, Malaysia, combined with the increasing rates of solid waste production has provided evidence that the traditional solid waste management practices, particularly the methods of waste collection and disposal, are inefficient and quite nonsustainable. Accordingly, municipal managers and planners in Langkawi need to look for and adopt a model for solid waste management that emphasizes an efficient and sustainable management of solid wastes in Langkawi Island. This study presents the current practices of solid waste management in Langkawi Island, describes the composition of the solid waste generated in that area, and presents views of local residents and tourist on issues related to solid waste management like the aesthetic value of the island environment. The most important issue of this paper is that it is the first time that integrated solid waste management is investigated in the Langkawi Island.

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