scholarly journals Effects on Hogs of Substituting Feed Crude Protein with Urea or Di-Ammonium Phosphate and Adding Essential Amino Acids

1974 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Keisuke FURUHASHI ◽  
Naosuke KURATA ◽  
Keisuke KUMAMOTO ◽  
Yasuhiro SATOH
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Essential Amino Acids

scholarly journals Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Yun Liu ◽  
Shemil P. Macelline ◽  
Peter V. Chrystal ◽  
Peter H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

AbstractThe prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein (CP) diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best achieved. Reduced-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions; moreover, they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible extents. The variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are addressed. The more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino acids. Deamination of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine, this emphasises the value of so-called “non-essential” amino acids. Starch digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed, although the functions of insulin in avian species require clarification. Maize is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets; if so, the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be instructive. Moderating increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler performance. Threonine is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised performance. If progress in these directions can be realised, then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of the Cuttlefish Muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1553-1558
Author(s):  
Sheng Jun Chen ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Bo Qi ◽  
Yan Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Acid Index

The nutritional components in the cuttlefish muscle were analyzed and the nutritive quality was evaluated in the paper. The results showed that the contents of the cuttlefish muscle in crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate were 16.60%, 0.86%, 1.30%, respectively. There were 18 kinds amino acids and the total amino acids reached 17.44%, with an essential amino acid index(EAAI) of 67.95. The composition of the essential amino acids in muscle ratio was consistent with the FAO/WHO standards. In addition, the contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 41.13%, 12.15% and 46.72%, respectively. And the muscle contains a higher content of EPA and DHA, reached 11.0% and 24.49%, respectively. It was considered that the cuttlefish muscle has a high nutritive value and it can be the important material of the high quality protein and unsaturated fatty acid.

scholarly journals Reduction of the crude protein content of diets supplemented with essential amino acids for piglets weighing 15 to 30 kilograms

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Beatriz Toledo ◽  
Antonio Claudio Furlan ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Jocasta Carraro ◽  
Gabriel Moresco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein Content

High protein wheats for poultry. 1. Use in broiler diets

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (53) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Turner ◽  
GG Payne
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Factor ◽  
Protein Diets

High protein wheat was the sole cereal in 20 and 25 per cent crude protein broiler starter diets. On the. 25 per cent protein diet, performance was maximized without amino acid supplementation. Using high protein wheat in 20 per cent protein diets, growth rate was improved by l-lysine supplementation of 0.3 per cent. However, this growth rate was not at a maximum level. Some other dietary factor was necessary, and this did not appear to be essential amino acids, singly or in combination.

FEATHER GROWTH AND FEATHER COMPOSITION OF BROILER CHICKENS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARY-LOU FISHER ◽  
S. LEESON ◽  
W. D. MORRISON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Research Council ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Methionine Content

Feather-sexed broiler chicks were reared in litter floor pens in a controlled environment building and offered mash diets meeting National Academy of Science-National Research Council specifications. Ten birds of each sex were killed at weekly intervals and individual feather weight recorded. These feathers were analyzed for crude protein and essential amino acids. From within five replicate pens of each sex, litter was removed weekly from 28 to 49 days, and molted feathers removed, cleaned and weighed. Feather weight was consistently correlated (P < 0.05) with body weight only from 5–7 wk of age. Females lost consistently more feathers than male birds, with this differential being a factor of 3.5. The methionine content of feathers decreased with age, while that of threonine, isoleucine and valine increased with age. The data are presented for use in model prediction of broiler amino acid requirements.

scholarly journals Connection of protein and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties

2009 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Zoltán Mezei ◽  
Ágnes Pongrácznl Barancsi ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
János Csapó
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

We analysed the crude protein content, amino acid content, amino acid composition of four forage and milling III. quality winter wheat varieties (Magor, Hunor, Róna and Kondor) from their samples from five following years (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007). We found that quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids rose with increase in crude protein content. On examination of protein amino acid composition in relation to crude protein content we found that the crude protein content increased the quantities of the non-essential amino acids also rose, while those of the essential amino acids decreased as the lysine, the limiting amino acid of wheat. We also established that, as crude protein content increased, the biological value of the protein decreased.

scholarly journals Connection of crude protein content and amino acid content of forage and medium quality winter wheat varieties in the relation of quantity and quality

2008 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Zoltán Mezei ◽  
Zoltán Győri ◽  
János Csapó
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

We analysed the crude protein content, amino acid content, amino acid composition of four forage and milling III. quality winter wheat varieties (Magor, Hunor, Róna and Kondor) from their samples from five following years (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007). We found that quantity of essential and non-essential amino acids rose with increase in crude protein content. On examination of protein amino acid composition in relation to crude protein content we found that the crude protein content increased the quantities of the non-essential amino acids also rose, while those of the essential amino acids decreased as the lysine, the limiting amino acid of wheat. We also established that, as crude protein content increased, the biological value of the protein decreased.

scholarly journals Amino Acids Content Comparison with Different Processing Methods (Cook, Raw and Fermented) and Inclusion Levels of Delonix regia in Formulated Fish Diets

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bosede Oyegbile ◽  
Okeke Rufina Obioma ◽  
Yunusa Abubakar ◽  
Idris Abdullahi ◽  
Stanley David Oziegbe
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Range Test

This study investigated the effects of different processing methods of Delonix regia seeds on amino acids composition of experimental diets. Ten isonitrogenous diets (40% crude protein) were formulated with cooked, raw and fermented Delonix regia seeds at 0% (Control), 10%, 20% and 30% inclusion levels respectively. Data were analysed using Analysis of Variance, significant differences in means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. All the essential amino acids (lysine, arginine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine) differs significantly among the treatments except histidine which was statistically similar (P > 0.05) across the dietary treatments. The activity of essential and non- essential amino acid concentration was higher in cooked than the fermented and raw Delonix regia seeds. It was concluded that cooked Delonix regia seeds at 10% inclusion levels had the highest activities of essential and non-essential amino acids and could be used to supplement conventional feedstuff for livestock especially in fish nutrition and bioenergetics.

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