Soil Disturbance Impact on Crop Ergothioneine Content Connects Soil and Human Health

Ergothioneine (ERGO) is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory amino acid that is produced in nature mainly by non-yeast fungi, cyanobacteria, and mycobacteria. Mounting evidence suggests that ERGO can be considered a longevity vitamin that can mitigate chronic diseases of aging and thereby increase life expectancy. Humans must obtain ERGO from their diet, and it is therefore important to know which foods contain it. Although ERGO is not produced by plants it is found in plant products such as grain, apparently because detrital or symbiotic soil fungi pass on ERGO to plants through their roots. Besides differences between plant species in their ability to accumulate ERGO, how they are managed might also affect its concentration. Soil tillage has been shown to reduce soil fungal biomass, and therefore ERGO contents in maize, soybeans, and oats grown in soil managed with annual moldboard plowing (most intensive), chisel/disking (less intensive), or no-tillage (least intensive) in crop rotation were compared. ERGO concentrations declined in all three crops as tillage intensity increased, with reductions from no till to moldboard plow of approximately 30% in all three crops. Because crop yield was also negatively impacted by intensive tillage, ERGO yield per hectare was reduced even more due to increasing tillage intensity. This study is one of the first to show that soil health improving practices that minimize soil disturbance can directly enhance a key dietary factor associated with long-term human health.

Dietary Risk-Related Colorectal Cancer Burden: Estimates From 1990 to 2019

Background: Colorectal cancer remains a public health problem worldwide. Dietary risk factors play a key role in the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to explore the geographical and temporal trends in various dietary factor-related colorectal cancers.Methods: Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, including the deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age-standardized rate (ASR), and summary exposure value (SEV) among 4 world regions, 11 age groups, 21 regions, and 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to evaluate the variation trend of ASR.Results: Dietary factors were the leading cause of colorectal cancer death and DALY rate, regardless of age. Dietary factor-related deaths and DALYs accounted for 32 and 34% of global colorectal cancer, respectively. Further analysis showed that low whole grain intake remained the leading cause of cancer death and DALY rate, followed by milk and calcium. Diets that were low in whole grains, milk, and calcium accounted for 81.61% of deaths and 81.64% of DALYs. Deaths and DALYs of dietary factors related to colorectal cancer grew by half from 1990 to 2019. All ASRs remained higher for men than women. Asia carried the highest colorectal cancer burden attributed to dietary risks, especially for East Asia [age-standardized death rate (ASDR): EAPC = 1.15, 95% CI:0.88–1.42; DALY: EAPC = 1.08, 95% CI:0.82–1.34]. The heavy burden also existed in high-middle and middle socio-demographic index (SDI) quintiles. China has always had the highest deaths and DALYs of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risks, followed by the USA, India, and Japan.Conclusions: Large variations existed in the dietary risk-related colorectal cancer burdens among sexes, regions, and countries. More targeted interventions to address modifiable dietary risk factors would save 32% of deaths and 34% of DALYs for colorectal cancer.

An observational study of Atyambupan as Hetu (nidan) in diabetes mellitus (Madhumeha) and its preventive treatment

ABSTRACT:- It is common lifelong health disease. India had more diabetics than any other country in the world, according to the International Diabetes Foundation, although the country has now been surpassed in the top spot by China. Diabetes currently affects more than 62 million Indians, which is more than 7.1% of the adult population. The average age on onset is 42.5 years. Nearly 1 million Indians die due to diabetes every year1. According to WHO Diabetes is a Life style disorder. The main cause of diabetes is there is restless lifestyle, stress, unnatural dietary factor. It has turned out biggest silent killer today’s in world. In Ayurveda diabetes can be correlated with Madhumeh which is a Vata predominant disease. Causes of Madhumeh are Diwaswap, Atyaambupan(excessive water intake), Guru, Madhur, Shita, Snighatdh, Ahara Sevan2 etc. Now a day most of people think drinking large amounts of water is helpful for proper skin health, Digestion, and Health, etc? Claims have been made that excessive drinking water gives you a radiant skin, and healthy while others people say it has no effect and it causes many disease and side effect .so here is effort to highlight the Atyambupan (Excessive water intake) as Nidan of Diabetes given in Ayurvedic text as well as occurring at present and make aware the society to prevent the disease through Nidanparivarjan.

Transposable Elements and Stress in Vertebrates: An Overview

Since their identification as genomic regulatory elements, Transposable Elements (TEs) were considered, at first, molecular parasites and later as an important source of genetic diversity and regulatory innovations. In vertebrates in particular, TEs have been recognized as playing an important role in major evolutionary transitions and biodiversity. Moreover, in the last decade, a significant number of papers has been published highlighting a correlation between TE activity and exposition to environmental stresses and dietary factors. In this review we present an overview of the impact of TEs in vertebrate genomes, report the silencing mechanisms adopted by host genomes to regulate TE activity, and finally we explore the effects of environmental and dietary factor exposures on TE activity in mammals, which is the most studied group among vertebrates. The studies here reported evidence that several factors can induce changes in the epigenetic status of TEs and silencing mechanisms leading to their activation with consequent effects on the host genome. The study of TE can represent a future challenge for research for developing effective markers able to detect precocious epigenetic changes and prevent human diseases.

Culture, eating behavior, and infectious disease control and prevention

Humans need to obtain nutrients from foods for survival and health. Culture and belief play important roles in food selection and intake. Throughout human history, dietary factor has been one of the important factors inducing and causing outbreaks of infectious diseases. If unhealthy eating behavior, like eating raw/undercooked food or meat and products from wild animals, are not abandoned, foodborne infectious diseases will remain an important risk factor of outbreaks and epidemics. The misconception of dietary culture is one of the important factors that triggers unhealthy eating behavior. Therefore, it is vital to change people’s conceptions and knowledge about what is healthy to eat, in order to completely eliminate unhealthy eating behavior and prevent the recurrence of foodborne infectious diseases. Meanwhile, many factors such as family, society, region, and religion should be involved in.

Critical review of verse “Evama Yeva Pittadhara Saeva Majjadharaiti”

The verse , “Evama Yeva Pittadhara Saeva Majjadharaiti” explained by Dalhanacharya directly shows the relation of Pittadhara kala with the Majjadhara kala which is precise according to Shareer. This relation has great importance in Ayurvedic treatment factor though this relation is described in viṣa-vegantara in kalpasthana. Pittadhara kala is the sixth kala among seven kala which is situated in the grahani. The Grahani and Agni are inter-dependant as agni is located in grahani. Therefore, the dushti of agni causes dusti of grahani which leads to various diseases of Pittadhara as well as Majjadhara kala. As per various references from Ayurveda the medicines, and procedures having action on Pittadhara kala are used in the treatment of diseases of Majjadhara kala. As per various researches in modern science there is a relationship between Brain and gut. There is bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system in the Gut-Brain Axis. The Gut-Brain axis links the emotional and cognitive centres of brain with peripheral intestinal functions. There might be influence of dietary factor in Gut-Brain Axis by affecting neuronal functioning with alteration in microbiota composition. The diseases of central nervous system e.g. Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Schizophrenia, etc. shows the Gut-Brain Axis relations. Hence, it shows there is relationship between Pittadhara kala with the Majjadhara kala according to Ayurved as well as modern science and which could be beneficial for treating many disorders of Nervous system.

Supplementation with Tetrahydrocurcumin Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of Dexamethasone in a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is the major active metabolite of curcumin, which is a dietary factor derived from <i>Curcuma</i> species. Our previous study demonstrated a significant beneficial effect of THC in mice with allergic asthma. Glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are commonly used drugs in asthma. Whether THC supplementation could promote the beneficial effects of GC therapy on asthma has not yet been reported. The current study aimed to investigate the combined efficacy of GC and THC treatment in a mouse model of allergic asthma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group, ovalbumin (OVA)-induced group, and OVA-induced mice treated with dietary THC only, intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (DEX) only, or THC combined with DEX. The nasal symptoms, histopathological alterations of lung tissues, lung cytokine production, and Th cell subsets were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> THC or DEX had beneficial effects on nasal symptoms and pathological lung changes, and the therapeutic effects between THC and DEX treatment were comparable. Importantly, compared to the monotherapy groups (THC or DEX only), the combination of THC and DEX showed a significantly reduced nasal rubbing frequency, lower mucus hyperproduction, lower Th2 and Th17 cell numbers as well as lower related cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-17A). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Supplementation with THC can enhance the therapeutic effects of DEX to alleviate airway symptoms, lung inflammation, and the Th2 response. Our findings suggest that dietary administration of THC could act as an add-on therapy for asthma treated with GCs.

Development of a Dietary Factor Assessment Tool for Evaluating Associations between Visceral Fat Accumulation and Major Nutrients in Japanese Adults

Background and Objectives. The increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome necessitates the establishment of tools for evaluating dietary factors associated with visceral fat accumulation and preventing visceral fat obesity. Here, we aimed to develop a dietary factor assessment tool for evaluating visceral fat accumulation. Methods. We conducted a dietary habit questionnaire survey and visceral fat measurement by bioelectrical impedance analysis in 11,438 adults (Survey 1) and a dietary habit questionnaire survey and dietary assessment based on 3-day meal records in 579 adults (Survey 2). Dietary habit factors were identified by factor analysis with varimax rotation, and their relationship with visceral fat accumulation and major nutrients were analyzed. Results. Factor analysis of the dietary habit questionnaire revealed the following five main dietary factors: “Appetite (15 questions),” “Healthy food choice (5 questions),” “Sedentary behavior (6 questions),” “Calorie restriction (5 questions),” and “Irregular mealtime (4 questions).” “Appetite” correlated positively with visceral fat accumulation and energy intake mainly from carbohydrate. “Healthy food choice” correlated negatively with visceral fat accumulation and positively with the protein/fat ratio, dietary fiber/carbohydrate ratio, and N-3 fatty acid/fat ratio. Dietary guidance to modify excess energy intake and increase nutritional balance might be effective toward preventing visceral fat accumulation. Conclusions. The dietary factor assessment tool developed in this study can be used to diagnose problems related to dietary habits and provide guidance for dietary modifications aimed at preventing visceral fat accumulation.