Effect of Phytohormones on rooting behaviour in air layers of Phoebe cooperiana, an economically important tree species of Arunachal Pradesh, India

This study reports the response of air layers of Phoebe cooperiana (Common name: Tapil) to different concentrations of rooting hormones in mid hills of Arunachal Pradesh. Ten trees between the ages of 7 and 10 were selected at Boleng village of Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India for the experiment. Eight treatments comprising of IBA and NAA at concentrations of 1000ppm, 2000ppm and 3000ppm each, Rootex hormone for semi-hardwood and control were applied to a total of 240 layers during April 2020. After 60 days, rooting percentage, mean number of roots and length of the longest root were recorded. Significant variation (p<0.05) among treatments was observed for all root parameters. Among treatments, the highest rooting percentage and mean a number of roots were obtained in layers treated with NAA 3000ppm (80% and 21.33 respectively). The length of the longest root was the highest in layers treated with NBA 2000ppm (4.23cm). The highest survival percentage of layers two months after transplanting was observed in those treated with NAA 3000ppm (54.16%) and the least in control (23.07%). The technique offers an easy and cheap method of propagation for farmers as well as for government and private agencies to enhance seedling production of the species.

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Particles Matters Accumulation and Anatomical Leaf Properties of Three Tree Species Growing in the Industrial Area in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Meteorology Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences ◽

10.4197/met.26-2.3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 23-32

Author(s):

Al-Toukhy s Al-Toukhy s

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Tree Species ◽

Coal Ash ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

Characteristic Matrix ◽

Lawsonia Inermis ◽

Cell Region ◽

Leaf Properties ◽

And Control

Particles matters accumulation and anatomical leaf properties of Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora), Henna (Lawsonia inermis), and Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis) trees growing in the industrial zone in Jeddah - Saudi Arabia and Hada Al-Shame area (control) was done. The leaf properties of all tree species growing in the industrial and control showed that each stoma had a raised edge over the guard cell region. The guard cells appeared more shrunken on the polluted leaves as compared with unpolluted leave. The results indicated that the most deposition particles on leaf surfaces of all tree species were: soot (C) and soil dust with characteristic matrix elements (Si, Al, Mg, Ca, K); fuel oil particles rich in Al, Si, Ca, and Pb; coal ash particles containing C, Al, Si, K, Ca, S; and Pb. As a result, leaves of those plant species may be used as bio-indicators for the assessment of particular matters in the industrial areas.

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Management and control of the invasive Prosopis juliflora tree species in Africa with a focus on Kenya

10.1016/b978-0-12-823320-7.00024-9 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 67-81

Author(s):

Simon Choge ◽

Purity Rima Mbaabu ◽

Gabriel Mukuria Muturi

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Prosopis Juliflora ◽

And Control

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An Evaluation of Dazomet Incorporation Methods on Soilborne Organisms and Pine Seedling Production in Southern Nurseries

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/27.1.41 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 41-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephen W. Fraedrich ◽

L. David Dwinell

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

High Rate ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Seedling Density ◽

The North ◽

Nursery Plant ◽

Shoot Weight ◽

And Control

Abstract The use of dazomet as a fall and spring fumigant for pine seedling production and control of soilborne pests was evaluated at two southern nurseries. Dazomet was applied at low (280–325 kg/ha) and high (493–560 kg/ha) rates and incorporated with a rototiller or spading machine. Comparisons were made with methyl bromide/chloropicrin (MBC) fumigation and nonfumigated control treatments. Dazomet incorporation method had no effect on seedling density at either nursery, and often did not affect seedling morphological characteristics. At the Georgia (GA) nursery, seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigant treatments except in the spring study area where shoot weight was greater in the MBC treatment than the dazomet or nonfumigated control treatments. In the fall study area at the North Carolina (NC) nursery, seedling density was greater in the high-rate dazomet treatment than the nonfumigated control. Seedlings were generally larger in MBC and dazomet treatments than the control. Seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigation treatments in the spring study area. Fumigation with MBC or dazomet generally reduced the percentage of roots withPythium andFusarium spp. compared to controls at the GA nursery and the fall fumigation area in the NC nursery. Plant parasitic nematodes were found infrequently at both nurseries and did not differ among treatments. Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) was the major problem at the GA nursery and was effectively controlled only with MBC. Compared to the MBC treatment, the abundance of soilborne fungi and the association of certain types ofTrichoderma with roots was often lower in the dazomet treatments. The importance of these differences for long term seedling production and management of soilborne diseases is not known at this time. South. J. Appl. For. 27(1):41–51.

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Identification of Best Surface Sterilization Treatment and Control of Endophytic Bacterial Contamination in Annona squamosa L.

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v29i630157 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Dipal Minipara ◽

Hareshkumar Dhaduk ◽

Ghanshyam Patil ◽

Subhash Narayanan ◽

Sushil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Axenic Culture ◽

Shoot Tip ◽

Surface Sterilization ◽

Survival Percentage ◽

Surface Contaminants ◽

Mature Node ◽

Fungal Contaminants ◽

And Control ◽

Culture Protocol

Surface sterilization is most important step in plant tissue culture protocol. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to eliminate microbial and fungal contaminants from the surface and interior of plant material, thus obtaining axenic culture with highest survival rate. Sequential surface sterilizations of hypocotyl, leaf, shoot tip and mature node were carried out to investigate its effectiveness in controlling surface contamination with satisfactory survival of explants. Combination of different surfactant were used for surface sterilization treatments. The least contamination was obtained when hypocotyl explants were treated with 200 ppm cefotaxime and 500 ppm carbendazim along with 0.1% HgCl2 with best survival percentage. Treatments consisting of alcohol treatment, carbendazim (2000 ppm) followed by 1000 ppm cefotaxime, 500 ppm kanamycin, 2% sodium hypochloride and 0.1% HgCl2 sequentially resulted in complete elimination of surface contaminants from shoot tip, soft node and hard node obtained from field grown mature tree. Optimal elimination of bioburden from young leaf (77.38%) were obtained using 1000 ppm carbendazim, 500 ppm cefotaxime, 500 ppm kanamycin and 0.1% HgCl2. Gentamicin used in the medium was able to control the endophytic bacterial bioburden completely in the first cycle of 15 days itself at higher concentration of 96 mol/l to remove endophytic bacterial contamination with out effecting plant growth.

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Sobrevivência, enraizamento e biomassa de miniestacas de aceroleira utilizando extrato de tiririca

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v7i1.1372 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 133 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francisco Mickael Medeiros Câmara ◽

Adriano Soares de Carvalho ◽

Vander Mendonça ◽

Renan Da Cruz Paulino ◽

Francisco Ésio Porto Diógenes

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Purple Nutsedge ◽

Survival Percentage ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Destructive Analysis ◽

System Length

With the need of a large-scale seedling production, the application of purple nutsedge extract may represent a promising alternative, contributing to the fruit species propagation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutsedge extract on the survival rate, rooting and biomass of acerola’s mini-cuttings. The experimental design was a completely randomized block, with a 5x2 factorial arrangement (five aqueous purple nutsedge extracts of nutsedge (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and two types of mini-cuttings, a pair of entire leaves and a pair of half leaves) resulting in 10 treatments with 5 repetitions and 8 mini-cuttings per repetition. The evaluations were performed at 75 days after planting, when destructive analysis were carried out for morphological characteristics. The evaluates variables were mini-cuttings survival percentage, percentage of mini-cuttings with sprouts, percentage of mini-cuttings with callus, percentage of minicuttings with roots, root system length, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry biomass and the ratio between shoot and root dry mass. For the experiment conditions, the nutsedge extract positively influenced the survival percentage and percentage of sprouting of acerola’s mini-cuttings, however the extract application did not influence the mini-cuttings biomass of, being the results observed with or without the cut on mini-cuttings leaves.

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Effects of soil enhancer (XXL) on yield attributes of BRRI dhan29 and hybrid dhan TAJ1 cultivars of rice in boro season

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v47i3.38717 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 495-500

Author(s):

Md Saidur Rahman ◽

Md Moinul Haque ◽

Kamal Uddin Ahamed

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

And Control

The present study used two varieties (BRRI dhan29 and Hybrid dhan Taj1) of rice and (control) and six different concentrations of soil enhancer XXL [125% (1.88/1.5 g/l), 100% (1.5/1.5 g/l), 75% (1.125/1.5 g/l), 50% (0.75/1.5 g/l), 33% (0.50/1.5 g/l) and 25% (0.38/1.5 g/l)] with recommended doses of (N, P, K, S and Zn) fertilizers. Significant variation was observed in different yield contributing characters with soil enhancer (XXL) application. Among the different soil enhancer (XXL) concentrations, 75% XXL provided the highest yield (10.58 t/ha). With 75% XXL, BRRI dhan29 and Hybrid dhan Taj1 provided their highest grain yield (11.09 t/ha and 10.07 t/ha, respectively). However, BRRI dhan29 performed well due to yield attributes (fertile tillers/hill, panicle length and shoot dry matter/hill which were 11.94, 23.95 cm and 21.59 g, respectively) than that of Hybrid dhan Taj1 with 75% XXL applied.

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Termite mounds may not be foraging hotspots for mega-herbivores in a nutrient-rich matrix

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467413000564 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 551-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Justice Muvengwi ◽

Monicah Mbiba ◽

Tatenda Nyenda

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Tree Species ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Wiener Index ◽

Tree Species Diversity ◽

Termite Mounds ◽

Mammalian Herbivores ◽

Biomass Removal ◽

Species Specific ◽

And Control

Abstract:Our study investigated the influence of termitaria on vegetation utilization by elephants in Chewore North, Zimbabwe. Ten termite mounds and ten similar sized control plots were surveyed for soil nutrients, tree species diversity and plant biomass removal by elephants. Termite mounds had higher mean (± SE) concentrations of P, Ca, Mg and Na (0.15 ± 0.01, 48.8 ± 9.32, 5.78 ± 1.59 and 0.47 ± 0.12 meq per 100 g respectively) than control plots (0.05 ± 0.01, 3.33 ± 0.56, 1.53 ± 0.22 and 0.19 ± 0.02 meq per 100 g). However, Shannon Wiener index of tree diversity did not vary significantly between termite mounds (1.13 ± 0.280) and their control plots (0.827 ± 0.469). Contrary to most studies investigating patterns of vegetation utilization by large mammalian herbivores on termitaria, biomass removal was five times more on control plots than termite mounds. No difference in biomass removal was noted for Colophospermum mopane which had enough replicates for statistical analysis both on termite mounds and control plots. Our study negates the hypothesis that nutrient-rich soil patches will act as feeding hotspots for large mammalian herbivores. We concluded that vegetation utilization by elephants may be tree species specific, particularly in nutrient-rich environments.

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Effect of Seed Size and Pretreatment Methods on Germination of Albizia lebbeck

ISRN Botany ◽

10.1155/2013/969026 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Edward Missanjo ◽

Chikumbutso Maya ◽

Dackious Kapira ◽

Hannah Banda ◽

Gift Kamanga-Thole

Keyword(s):

Seed Size ◽

Tree Species ◽

Cold Water ◽

Hot Water ◽

Albizia Lebbeck ◽

Hard Seed ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Seed Pretreatment ◽

Multipurpose Tree Species ◽

And Control

Albizia lebbeck is a multipurpose tree species prioritised for conservation in Malawi. The different plant parts are used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases. However, the seeds are dormant, and the tree species remain undomesticated. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed size and presowing on the germination of Albizia lebbeck in a nursery. Seeds were grouped into four categories in regard to their length, small (≤0.5 cm), medium ( cm), large (≥0.8 cm), and mixture of small, medium, and large seeds. The seeds were subjected to five main seed pretreatment methods, namely, soaking in sulphuric acid for 2 minutes, nicking, soaking in hot water for 5 minutes, soaking in cold water for 24 hours, and control where seeds were sown without any treatment. The results indicate that combination of nicking and large seeds produced the highest (100%) germination. Hot water treatment was effective in large seeds producing 67.5% germination. The increased germination for mechanically scarified seeds through nicking suggests that seed dormancy in Albizia lebbeck is mainly due to its hard seed coat. Therefore, it is recommended to farmers to adopt use of nicking and large seeds, since it is safe and effective.

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