scholarly journals Identification of Best Surface Sterilization Treatment and Control of Endophytic Bacterial Contamination in Annona squamosa L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dipal Minipara ◽  
Hareshkumar Dhaduk ◽  
Ghanshyam Patil ◽  
Subhash Narayanan ◽  
Sushil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Surface Contaminants ◽  
Mature Node ◽  
Fungal Contaminants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Culture Protocol

Surface sterilization is most important step in plant tissue culture protocol. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to eliminate microbial and fungal contaminants from the surface and interior of plant material, thus obtaining axenic culture with highest survival rate. Sequential surface sterilizations of hypocotyl, leaf, shoot tip and mature node were carried out to investigate its effectiveness in controlling surface contamination with satisfactory survival of explants. Combination of different surfactant were used for surface sterilization treatments. The least contamination was obtained when hypocotyl explants were treated with 200 ppm cefotaxime and 500 ppm carbendazim along with 0.1% HgCl2 with best survival percentage. Treatments consisting of alcohol treatment, carbendazim (2000 ppm) followed by 1000 ppm cefotaxime, 500 ppm kanamycin, 2% sodium hypochloride and 0.1% HgCl2 sequentially resulted in complete elimination of surface contaminants from shoot tip, soft node and hard node obtained from field grown mature tree. Optimal elimination of bioburden from young leaf (77.38%) were obtained using 1000 ppm carbendazim, 500 ppm cefotaxime, 500 ppm kanamycin and 0.1% HgCl2. Gentamicin used in the medium was able to control the endophytic bacterial bioburden completely in the first cycle of 15 days itself at higher concentration of 96 mol/l to remove endophytic bacterial contamination with out effecting plant growth.

scholarly journals Assessing Occupational Exposure to Surface Contaminants in Kuwaiti Educational Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdul-Salam Al-Temeemi ◽  
Jamal Al-Hubail ◽  
Ahmad Al-Khayat
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Surface Contaminants ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Contamination Problem

The prevalence of surface contaminants, such as potentially harmful bacteria, within building environments in the State of Kuwait is not known.To the authors’ knowledge, this article is the frst of such a report. A total of 342 stool samples were collected from 46 secondary schools to evaluate indoor occurrences of E. coli bacteria within selected lavatory surfaces. After microbiological testing, the results for the spread of the E. coli bacteria were categorized by total count, sampling location dependency, contamination level comparison between genders, and lavatory fxtures (i.e. seat and squat toilets). The results revealed that 7 schools have a bacterial contamination problem, there is cross-contamination between surfaces in the lavatory stalls, the boys’ lavatories were less sanitary than the girls’, and that the squat-style toilets are more contaminated than the seat-style. The results suggest that there is signifcant risk of spread of bacterial infection among students via contaminated hands and surfaces in the lavatory area in some schools. Thus, this study emphasizes the need to improve environmental hygiene and enhanced sanitation in these schools. In addition, conclusions can be drawn as to the effectiveness of the janitorial staff employed by the schools and the effcacy of the cleaning regime used in the lavatories. Furthermore, based on the fndings, there are architectural design consequences as squat-style toilets might be excluded in lavatories designed for schools to be constructed in the future.

Barrier and Antibacterial Properties of 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate-Derived Wound Treatment Films

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Mertz ◽  
Stephen C. Davis ◽  
Alejandro L. Cazzaniga ◽  
Anna Drosou ◽  
William H. Eaglstein
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Study ◽  
And Control ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Background: Besides enhancing healing, an ideal dressing should prevent invasion of pathogens and control the number of bacteria already present in the wounds. Objective: To evaluate the barrier and antimicrobial properties of a cyanoacrylate-based bandage (LAB) against Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa on partial thickness wounds in swines. Methods: Barrier study: Bacteria were inoculated over test materials (LAB, standard bandage, air-exposed) that were placed over wounds. The bacteria from wounds were quantitated at 24, 48, and 72 hours postinoculation. Antimicrobial study: Wounds inoculated with bacteria were covered with LAB, standard bandage, or hydrocolloid bandage or left air-exposed. The bacteria recovered from wounds were quantitated at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Results: Barrier study: No bacteria were recovered from LAB-treated wounds. Antimicrobial study: LAB reduced the number of inoculated bacteria in comparison to all other groups. Conclusion: LAB is effective in protecting wounds from external bacterial invasion and reducing bacterial contamination.

scholarly journals Endogenous Bacterial Contamination of Plant Tissue Culture Materials: Identification and Control Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Shefali Boonerjee ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
M Imdadul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

The endogenous bacterial contamination of plant tissue culture materials and their possible control was studied. Nine bacterial isolates were isolated from the contaminated tissue culture materials viz. potato and tea. On the basis of morphology and biochemical characters of nine isolates, seven were identified as Gram positive belonging to Bacillus alcalophilus, B. circulans, B. infantis, B. lentus, B. schlegelii, B. pumilus and B. subtilis. Remaining two were Gram negative and identified as Enterobacter cloacae sub. sp. dissolvens and Pantoea agglomerans. Molecular analysis was conducted on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence to confirm three isolates. Culture and sensitivity test was carried out to screen out the antibiotic sensitivity where streptomycin (S-10), polymyxin (PB-300) and gentamicin (CN-120) antibiotics were found to be effective against all bacterial isolates. The culture and sensitivity test reflected the feasibility to control or eliminate the contaminant bacteria during in vitro culture of plant which is very much required in the commercial tissue culture production.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(1): 99-108, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals Sterilization procedure and callus regeneration in black turmeric (Curcuma caesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Abubakar ◽  
R. N. Pudake
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
To Come ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rhizome Explants

Sterilization procedure, media composition, explants selection and control of physical environment are critical for successful cultures and callus induction with surface sterilization being very challenging in most plants. Five different sterilization methods were evaluated to come up with the best for subsequent use to establish an in vitro regeneration method for the induction of callus in Curcuma caesia using excised leaf and rhizome explants. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with various concentration of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)/Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.5- 5.0mg/L), singly or in combination with Benzyl aminopurine (BAP)/Kinetin (KIN) (0.1-5.0mg/L), 0.3% sucrose and 0.08% agar were used. The result of the sterilization procedures showed 15% NaHClO3 (5min) + 70% Ethanol (30s) + 0.1% HgCl2 (5min) to be the most effective in controlling contamination in C. caesia among all the treatments tested. The response to callus induction was found to depend on the type of explants used and growth regulators combination. Leaf explants gave the highest percentage of callus induction. Highest percentage of callus induction (66.70%) was obtained in the growth regulator combination of 2, 4-D (0.5mg/L) + BAP (0.1mg/L) and least (14.29%) in IAA (2.0mg/L) + BAP (0.5mg/L). Equal and higher concentration of 2, 4-D + BAP of 5.0mg/L each also provided better result (40.00%). No callus was obtained in all the single concentration of 2, 4-D used.

scholarly journals Standardization of surface sterilization protocols for culture establishment in banana cv. Karpurachakkarakeli(AAB) male flower budsin vitro

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Flower Meristem ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Banana Flower ◽  
Banana Cultivar

Plant tissue culture is a proven technique for producing banana seeds in large quantities, uniformly and in a short time to support good quality banana seeds. The banana flower meristem can be a potential explant. The banana flower meristem offers the opportunity to regenerate plants with agronomic characteristics. This study aimed to regenerate banana flowers in vitro with different sucrose and BA (Benzyladenine) concentrations after standardized surface sterilization protocols. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), two factorial designwith surface sterilents and gelling agents. The results showed that the treatmentT15 (Sodium hypochlorite (1%) + HgCl2 (0.1%)) in G1 (0.25% gelrite) recorded the lowest fungal and bacterial contamination (0.00, 0.00) & (0.73, 0.53) respectively, in in vitro cultures of male flower buds of banana cultivar KarpuraChakkarakeli (AAB). While, the combination of BA (4 mgL-1) and sucrose (30 mgL-1) concentration had directly induced organogenesis in banana male flower explants.

scholarly journals Interventional Effect of Nanosilver Paint on Fungal Load of Indoor Air in a Hospital Ward

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nasrin Rostami ◽  
Hossein Alidadi ◽  
Hossein Zarrinfar ◽  
Damon Ketabi ◽  
Hamed Tabesh
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Hospital Ward ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Control Rooms ◽  
Fungal Contaminants ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

Hospital ward environments contain various types of microorganisms, in which fungal agents are one of the main contaminants that may cause hospital-acquired infections. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nanosilver paint on reducing fungal contaminants of indoor air in an educational, research, and treatment center. Two rooms in the hematology ward were selected. One room was painted using usual paint (control room) and the other room was painted with paint containing nanosilver particles (experimental room). One hundred and twelve samples were collected using active (Anderson BioSampler) and passive (settle plate or open plate) air sampling techniques. The samples were incubated for 3–7 days at 35°C, and the positive fungal cultures were examined according to morphological and microscopic characteristics. Following active sampling, the mean and standard deviation of the number of colony-forming units (CFU/m3) of fungi colonies in the experimental and control rooms were 29.21 ± 17.99 and 22.50 ± 10.02 before intervention and 13.79 ± 6.20 and 31.07 ± 21.1 after intervention, respectively. Following passive sampling, the number of CFU/plate in the experimental and control rooms was 6 and 0 before and 1and 1 after intervention, respectively. The use of the nanosilver paint was effective in reducing air fungal contamination. Moreover, the active sampling method was more sensitive to measuring the concentration changes for fungal bioaerosols.

Microbial contamination on oyster mushroom after harvest and their management using some essential oils in Azamgarh (U.P.) India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Ravindra Kumar Sahani ◽  
N.K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Fungal Contaminants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aspergilus Niger

Mushrooms are more vulnerable as their self life is too short and are consumed fresh. The main study of this work was isolation and control of fungal contaminants in mushrooms during and after harvest storage. Samples of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida were collected from three vegetable markets of Azamgarh city which revealed presence of 21 fungi. Results exhibited Aspergilus niger and Rhizopus sp. as most abundant contaminants which were treated with Zanthoxylum armatum and Eucalyptus citrodora using poisoned food technique. The control combination was potato dextrose agar with no oils added. All the essential oils significantly inhibit (p>0.05) the growth and spore germination of both test fungi. A strong inhibitory action of Cinnamon oil and Mentha oil was recorded against Aspergilus niger and Rhizopus sp respectively at a concentration of 20 ml/ml. This clearly suggests that essential oil could be an alternative to the synthetic chemicals that are currently used to control fungal contamination in mushroom and extend their shelf life.

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