HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTED TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
J. GOKULAKRISHNAN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
The People ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

Rice is the foremost food crop among cereals and it is staple food crop providing high calories for the people of South East Asia. The Objectives of the study was the extent of heterosis components of grain yield in F1 hybrids. The Materials for this study considered of parents and thirty F1 hybrids derived from crossing of three cross lines viz., IR58025A, IR62829A and PUSA3A and ten testers. Pollen and spikelet fertility revealed the identification of ten testers. For heterosis studies majority of the crosses showed positive heterosis for the characters viz., productive tillers, filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant, grain length, grain breadth, grain L/B ratio, kernel L/B ratio, milling recovery, head rice recovery, and amylose content. Negative heterosis were recorded for the characters namely days to first flowering, plant height, panicle length, kernel length, kernel breadth and alkali digestion value. Hybrids IR58025A ´ ASD19, IR62829A ´ ASD16, PUSA3A ´ IR42 were found to record high per se performance, higher percentage of standard heterosis for majority of the traits.

scholarly journals Combining ability studies for yield, associated traits and quality attributes in rice for South Gujarat (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Navin Chander Gahtyari ◽  
P. I. Patel ◽  
Rakesh Choudhary ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Length

Line x tester analysis using a set of four females, ten males and their forty hybrids was carried out to esti-mate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids for yield and ten other associ-ated components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a Randomized Block Design during Kharif 2011. GCA variances for females (s2f) were significant at 0.1% level of significance for plant height (40.8), no. of grains per panicle (505.9), grain yield per plant (29.1), test weight(17.9), straw yield per plant (61.3) and kernel L/B ratio (0.2) whereas specific combining ability (SCA) variances for f x m interactions were highly significant for all the characters. Non-additive gene action was prevalent in all characters (Range: 0.03 in amylose content to 0.88 in kernel length breadth ratio) except plant height (1.33) as evident by low GCA to SCA ratio. None of the parents were good general combiner for all traits, however, female IR-28 and male AMT-119 and PNR-546 were good general combiners for a maximum number of traits i.e. five traits out of eleven.. The general combining ability for grain yield per plant for female parent Gurjari (6.19) and NVSR-178 (5.29); and male parents AMT 119 (2.73) and PNR 546 (2.44) makes them a good choice for improving yields in a hybridization programme as these female and male parents are also having signifi-cant GCA effects for maximum number of yield associated traits i.e. four and five traits out of eleven for female and male parents respectively. A vis-à-vis comparison of top three specific combining ability crosses with their mean performance showed correlation and these crosses were having at least one good general combining ability parent.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of Yield Determinants in Advance Breeding Lines (ABLs) of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Irrigated Condition of Chhattisgarh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Pramod Noatia ◽  
Abhinav Sao ◽  
Ajay Tiwari ◽  
S. K. Nair ◽  
Deepak Gauraha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Recovery Percentage

The present study was undertaken to study the extent of genetic variability, character association and path analysis in 53 irrigated late duration breeding lines for 12 quantitative and 10 quality parameters. Analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variation among the breeding lines for all the characters except for total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, spikelet fertility percentage and grain yield per plant. The highest magnitude of PCV and GCV were displayed by grain yield per plant followed by harvest index, filled spikelet per panicle and 1000 seed weight. The greater extent of heritability in broad sense were recorded for days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, 1000 seed weight, plant height, total spikelet per panicle, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage, amylose content, hulling and milling percentage. However, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean were displayed by plant height, number of spikelet per panicle, filled spikelet per panicle,1000 seed weight, kernel length, kernel L:B ratio, grain length, head rice recovery percentage and amylose content. Grain yield per plant exhibited positive significant correlation with harvest index, effective tillers per plant, 1000 seed weight, spikelet fertility %, days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. Path analysis revealed direct effect on grain yield were exerted by days to 50% flowering followed by harvest index, 1000 seed weight, total tillers per plant, number of spikelet per plant, effective tillers per plant and plant height indicating their importance in rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Evaluation Genetic Variation and Diversity of Grain Yield and Quality Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes for Low Input NPK Fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobhy GH. R. Sorour ◽  
Tamer F. Metwally ◽  
Shimaa A. Badawy ◽  
Maysoun M. Saleh ◽  
Khaled F M Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Abstract Determination of genetic variance in a large number of rice genotypes is an effective strategy for increasing yield. The goal of this research was to determine the genetic variability, phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability, expected genetic advance and multivariate analysis for eight rice grain quality and yield traits, in twenty Egyptian and exotic genotypes under low NPK fertilizer input levels at RRTC, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt and evaluated across two successive seasons. Results revealed highly significant mean squares for all traits. High estimates of both PCV and GCV were detected for grain elongation followed by gelatinization temperature and head rice. High estimates of heritability were noted for grain length, grain shape, hulling, milling, head rice, amylose content, grain elongation and grain yield. Results revealed that highly significant differences among different genotypes were observed for studied characteristics under different NPK levels. Cluster results revealed that genotypes from the same origin or taxonomy type were clustered together. Diversity analysis showed four clusters. Cluster I and III had maximum genotypes (70%) and Cluster IV showed the highest mean values for studied traits. The results revealed that PC1 and PC2 accounted for 65.6% of the diversity between genotypes investigated. These findings show that some genotypes have a lot of diversity, indicating an opportunity to breed for low-input genotypes without sacrificing grain production and quality. GZ10590-1-3-3-2 and IET1444, both of which have high grain yield, can be employed as hybrid parents and could help with further genetic research for reduced NPK input.

scholarly journals Variability in grain quality traits of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Parikh ◽  
NK Rastogi ◽  
AK Sarawgi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Elongation Index ◽  
Chemical Characters

The present study involved the evaluation of physio-chemical characters and cooking quality of 36 rice genotypes from Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. The fine grain genotypes like Rajim-12, Kalimuchh, and Munibhog were found good for moderate kernel length and L:B ratio; Rajabhog, Jhulari, and Baghmuchha for kernel length after cooking and L:B ratio of cooked rice Kalajira and Bikoni for head rice recovery%; Barang, Bantaphool, Gangabalu, and Bikoni for elongation ratio; Barang, Rajabhog, Gangabalu, Bikoni, and Chirainikhi for elongation index; Sonth, Rajim-12, Jhulari, Gangabalu, Jhilli Safri, and Bikoni for intermediate alkali values. These genotypes may be utilized as donors for improvement of quality traits. In the present study, superior genotypes were Rajm-12 for grain yield, kernel length, L:B ratio and kernel length after cooking; Rajabhog for grain yield, kernel length after cooking, L:B of cooked rice and elongation index; Bikoni for head rice recovery, elongation ratio, elongation index, and intermediate alkali values. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14352 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 551-558, December 2012

Exploring the physicochemical and cooking properties of some Indian aromatic and non-aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Verma ◽  
Prem Prakash Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

The objective of the present investigation was to assess the physicochemical and cooking properties of Indian rice cultivars grown locally by farmers. Results reported the highest hulling (80.82%) and milling (75.47%) in cultivar Badshah Bhog (BSB) while the head rice out-turns were maximum in Govind Bhog (GVB) (58.22%) and broken rice was minimum in Khushboo (KSB) (5.15%). The kernel length (6.16-7.88 mm) of KSB, Kalanamak (KLN), Sarbati (SRB) and Todal (TDL) cultivars were nearly alike to the preferred minimum acceptable standard of Basmati rice (6.6mm). The kernel and volume elongation ratio was highest in Swetganga (STG) (2.07) and TDL (4.07), respectively whereas the amylose content was highest (>20%) in all aromatic cultivars and categorized the intermediate type than evolved aromatic rice KLN and nonaromatic cultivars (SRB and TDL). Further, the studied rice cultivars had grain quality characteristics similar to the minimum acceptable standards for the breeding of basmati type cultivars which may be employed for breeding purposes and can be graded as export quality rice possessing distinct nutritional values at the global level.

scholarly journals Study on Standard Heterosis for Yield, Quality and its Attributing Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids under Aerobic Cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
P. Madhukar ◽  
S. Vanisri ◽  
P. Senguttuvel ◽  
Ch. Surender Raju ◽  
S. Narender Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Positive Heterosis

Field experiments were conducted for development and evaluation of aerobic rice hybrids during2015-16 to 2016-17 years. In the first experiment sufficient amount of variability was observed for grain yield per plant and its components among 125 genotypes evaluated in aerobic condition. Among these eight genotypes were the top ranking yield in aerobic conditions and good restorers tested by Test Cross Nursery and Rf3, Rf4 fertility restorer gene screening. Than 32 hybrids were produced involving 4 CMS lines (CMS23A, CMS59A, CMS64A and IR68897A) and 8 testers (SVHR-3005, NH-12-103R, KMP-128, MTU-1001, KMP-175, SV-315-081R, RNR-21280 and MTU-1075) and evaluated along with three checks (viz., hybrid check, KRH-2, inbred checks, MTU-1010, MAS-946) under aerobic situation and  carryout standard heterosis analysis, to identify best heterotic hybrids over local checks. CMS23A x SV-315-081R manifested high heterotic effects (>20%) for grain yield per plant over the standard checks, besides for important components. Few more CMS59A x KMP-175, CMS59A x RNR-21280, CMS23A x MTU-1001, IR-68897A x MTU-1075 and CMS23A x MTU-1075 were also identified as potential hybrids in view of higher amount of heterosis. For quality, CMS64A x RNR-21280 (hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery and kernel elongation ratio) and CMS23A x SV-315-081R (head rice recovery, kernel length, L/B ratio and Kernel length after cooking) were best heterotic hybrids. Two crosses viz., CMS59A x SVHR-3005 and CMS64A x SVHR-3005 expressed negative heterosis for kernel breadth and positive heterosis for kernel L/B ratio which was desirable.

scholarly journals Heterosis and inbreeding studies for agronomic and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rukmini Devi ◽  
B.Satish Chandra ◽  
Y. Hari ◽  
V. Venkanna
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breadth Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

Heterosis and inbreeding depression was studied for twenty characters in seven parental lines and their eleven hybrids in rice. Significant positive average heterosis and heterobeltiosis was observed for effective tillers, grain yield /plant, panicle density ,filled grains /panicle, panicle length, length/breadth ratio, head rice recovery, milling percent and hulling percent. Significant negative heterosis was observed for days to 50 % flowering in desired direction. Among the crosses, Kavya × WGL-915, BPT-5024 × WGL-915, Kavya × HKR-08-62, BPT-5204 × MTU-1075 and BPT-5204 × Gontrabidhan recorded significant positive heterobeltiosis for grain yield/plant and also two to three important economic characters and showed significant positive inbreeding depression . The inheritance of yield, yield components and quality traits were mostly governed by non additive type of gene action as evident from high heterosis followed by high inbreeding depression and in such cases heterosis breeding is more feasible to achieve quantum jump in rice yield while, pedigree method in few specific crosses showing low inbreeding depression in order to improve characters like head rice recovery, kernel length, length/breadth ratio, kernel length after cooking and days to 50% flowering etc. Selection of good parents was found to be most important for developing high yielding rice varieties with desirable characters.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Grain Yield and its Component Traits in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikrishna LATHA ◽  
Deepak SHARMA ◽  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Yield Trials

The nature and magnitude of heterosis and combining ability was studied in 18 F1 hybrids involving three CMS lines and six testers using line × tester analysis. The analysis of variance for combining ability of all the traits showed that variances due to treatments, parents, hybrids were highly significant. The line ‘CRMS 32A’ and testers viz. ‘Super rice-8’, ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘Jitpiti’ were identified as good general combiners. The significant differences between lines x testers interaction indicates that SCA attributed heavily in the expression of these traits and demonstrates the importance of dominance or non additive variances for all the traits. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’ were promising for grain yield. The magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were also estimated for different characters. A high degree of relative heterosis was observed for grain yield (20.45- 82.37%) in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Jitpiti’ and ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. While, a higher degree of: heterobeltiosis (13.60 -68.37%) was observed for grain yield in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’, ‘APMS 6A’/’Super rice-8’ and ‘APMS 6A’/’Jitpiti’. A high degree of standard heterosis was observed for grain yield in the hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/ ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ recorded a high degree of relative heterosis (62.01%), heterobeltiosis (57.35%) and standard heterosis (15.05 and 25.51% over check hybrids, ‘Mahamaya’ and ‘Indirasona’, respectively) that can be tested on yield trials for its further testing over locations.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heritability of selected rice varieties for grain yield, its components and grain quality characters

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshdfar ◽  
Babak Rabiei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Gelatinization Temperature ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was conducted to determine the combining ability and heritability of rice grain yield, its components and some grain quality traits such as amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and head rice recovery (HRR). The study was commenced by crossing the selected rice varieties based on a full diallel mating design. The F1 was harvested at the end of the season. In the following season, the crossed, reciprocal and parental lines were planted in randomly complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated that genotypes were significantly different for all traits. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method showed highly significant differences for GCA for number of panicles per plant (PN), amylose content, gelatinization temperature and head rice recovery. Highly significant differences were also observed for both SCA and REC for all evaluated characters. The results showed that the grain yield (GY), number of filled grains (FGN), 100-grain weight (HGW) and GC were controlled by non-additive gene action, while the inheritance of PN, AC, GT and HRR were largely controlled by additive gene effects, although non- additive genetic components and reciprocal effect were also involved, which suggest that a selection process could be done in the early generations. The two improved lines (RI18442-1 and RI18430-46) were found to be good general combiners for GY and FGN, while the best combiners for PN was Tarom Mohali and IR50 and for HGW was RI18430-46. The best combinations for GY were RI18430-46 ? IR50, Tarom Mohali ? RI18447-2 and Daylamani ? RI18430-46. The good hybrids were Tarom Mohali ? IR50, Line23 ? RI18447-2 and Line23 ? Backcross line for AC. Narrow sense heritability showed that the GY and GC had the lowest values while the other traits had either moderate or high heritability, which indicates selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favorable genes. In present study, narrow sense heritability was high for AC and moderate for GT, PN and HRR.

scholarly journals Exploration of Possibilities to Identify Heterotic Cross Combinations in Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Grain Yield and Quality Parameters

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Mithilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Banshidhar . ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Aman Tigga ◽  
S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breadth Ratio ◽  
Alkali Digestion

Twenty eight crosses generated using eight aromatic rice varieties crossed in half diallel fashion were evaluated and analyzed along with parents to investigate combining ability and gene action for grain yield and various grain quality traits. The general combining ability and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the traits that indicated the role of both additive and non-additive genetic components.  Ratio of σ2gca/σ2sca< 1 indicated preponderance of non-additive gene action in the expression of these traits.  Pusa Basmati-1 was the good general combiner showing significantly high GCA effect for a maximum of seven-grain quality traits viz., milling recovery (0.81), kernel length (0.28), kernel breadth (-0.05), kernel length/breadth ratio (0.26), cooked kernel length (0.79), alkali digestion value (0.67) and amylose content (0.60) but not for yield.  Cross PSD-15×Pant Basmati-1 (P7×P8) was the good specific combiner showing high SCA effects for a maximum of eight grain quality traits viz. hulling recovery (2.76), milling recovery (2.06), kernel length (0.89), kernel length/breadth ratio (0.69), cooked kernel length (3.06), kernel elongation ratio (0.12), alkali digestion value (1.11) and amylose content (1.01) but not yield.  None of the top three crosses (Pusa Sugandh-6×PSD-15, Pusa Basmati-1×PSD-15 and Pusa Sugandh-4×Basmati-370) based on high SCA effect for grain yield plant-1exhibited as high SCA effect to fall within top three crosses on that basis for any of the grain quality traits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document