scholarly journals Contribution to the knowledge of melliferous plants: Ethno apicultural survey with beekeepers in the District of Ziguinchor, Kolda and Sedhiou (Senegal)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kady Diatta ◽  
William Diatta ◽  
Alioune Dior Fall ◽  
Serigne Ibra mbacké Dieng ◽  
Amadou Ibrahima Mbaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Nectar Production

An ethno-apicultural survey was carried out for the plant species pollinated by honey bees in the green district of Casamance (South Senegal). This survey followed a well-established questionnaire concerning beekeepers in these areas. The listed melliferous flora was made of 61 species either. It’s divided into 58 genera and 30 families though the most represented are in decreasing order Fabaceae with 12 species (19.67%) followed by Rutaceae and Malvaceae with 4 species (6.55% each), Arecaceae, Anacardiaceae, Combretaceae, Gramineae, Myrtaceae, with 3 species (4.91% each), then Chrysobalanaceae, Lamiaceae, Meliaceae and Rubiaceae with 2 species (3.27% each) and then Acanthaceae, Asteraceae, Canabaceae, Verbenaceae, Apocynaceae, Bignoniaceae, Annonaceae, Hymenocardiaceae, Icacinaceae, Lauraceae, Moringaceae, Musaceae, Celastraceae, Rhizophoraceae, Sapindaceae, Sterculiceae, Moraceae, Ochnaceae, with 1 species (1.63% each). Melliferous plants include 47.54% nectariferous plants followed by nectariferous polliniferous plants with 37.70% and finally polliniferous species with 14.75%. This study enabled us to identify eight (08) species with high melliferous value. To enhance the value of these plants, further studies on foraging activity and nectar production will be led to prove their real melliferous potential.

scholarly journals Influência dos Fatores Ambientais e da Quantidade de Néctar na Atividade de Forrageio de Abelhas em Flores de Adenocalymma bracteatum (Cham.) DC. (Bignoniaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keila Nogueira da Silva ◽  
João Cloves Stanzani Dutra ◽  
Mateus Nucci ◽  
Leandro Pereira Polatto
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Focal Area ◽  
Effective Pollinators

Resumo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência diária dos fatores ambientais e da quantidade de néctar na frequência de forrageio de abelhas em flores de Adenocalymma bracteatum (Cham.) DC. Para isso, foi demarcada uma área focal e registrada a atividade de forrageio das abelhas em um intervalo de 30 minutos para cada hora, das 6:00 às 17:30 h, nas flores da referida espécie vegetal durante quatro dias não consecutivos. Também foi avaliada a produção acumulativa de néctar e o seu consumo pelos visitantes no decorrer do dia. Dados referentes à temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, luminosidade e velocidade do vento foram anotados no início de cada hora. Para verificar se as frequências de forrageios das espécies de abelhas estavam correlacionadas com os fatores abióticos, foram realizados testes de correlação de Pearson. Dentre as espécies registradas, Oxaea flavescens Klug apresentou o maior número de forrageios. O número de forrageio no decorrer do dia não se manteve uniforme, o que faz acreditar que a atividade de forrageio das abelhas sofreu interferência dos fatores ambientais e da quantidade de néctar presente nas flores de A. bracteatum. Os polinizadores efetivos foram responsáveis por 51,6% do total de visitas por flor em A. bracteatum, enquanto os pilhadores de recursos perfizeram 33,1% e os furtadores de recursos realizaram somente 15,3% do total de visitas por flor. Houve ainda, forrageios de formigas e moscas. As formigas sugavam néctar extrafloral, possivelmente conferindo proteção contra pilhagem de néctar. Já as moscas pousavam na corola, mas não extraíram néctar nem pólen. Influence in the Environmental Factors and the Amount of Nectar in the Foraging Activity of Bees on Flowers Adenocalymma bracteatum (Cham.) DC. (Bignoniaceae) Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the daily influence of environmental factors and the amount of nectar in the foraging frequency of bees on flowers Adenocalymma bracteatum (Cham.) DC. For this, a focal area was demarcated and registered foraging activity of bees in a 30-minute break for every hour from 6:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., in the flowers of this plant species during four non-consecutive days. Also was analyzed the nectar production and its consumption by visitors throughout the day. Data relating to temperature, relative humidity, luminosity, and wind speed were recorded at the beginning of each hour. To check if the frequencies of foraging the bee species were correlated with abiotic factors, tests of Pearson correlation were performed. Among the species recorded, Oxaea flavescens Klug had the highest number of foraging. The number of foraging during the day did not remain uniform, which makes to believe that foraging activity of bees suffered interference from environmental factors and the amount of nectar present in flowers of A. bracteatum. The effective pollinators were responsible for 51.6% of total visits per flower in A. bracteatum, while the robber’s resources totaled 33.1%, and only 15.3% of all visits were made by thieves’ resource. There was also foraging of ants and flies. Nectar present around the flower was sucked by ants, possibly conferring protection against robbery nectar. There were flies landing on the corolla of the flowers, but nectar and pollen were not collected.

scholarly journals Ethno Apicultural Survey of Melliferous Plant Species in the Great Green Wall Widou and Koyli Alpha, Senegal

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kady Diatta ◽  
William Diatta ◽  
Alioune Dior Fall ◽  
Serigne Ibra Mbacké Dieng ◽  
Amadou Ibrahima Mbaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Green Wall ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea ◽  
Maytenus Senegalensis ◽  
Guiera Senegalensis

This study has surveyed honey plants used by Apis mellifera in the Great Green Wall  of Senegal by  involving 38 people (21 in Widou, 17 in Koyli Alpha). The study  revealed seventeen species divided into fourteen genera and nine families. Fabaceae was the most represented family with 5 species followed by Combretaceae (3 species), Malvaceae and Rutaceae each with 2 species, and Anacardiaceae, Balanitaceae, Rhamnaceae, Sterculiaceae, Meliaceae each with one species.  The most frequent melliferous plant species were : Combretum glutinosum, Guiera senegalensis, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia radiana, Lannea acida, Terminalia avicennoides, Sclerocarya birrea, Sterculia setigera and Maytenus senegalensis. The trees were more large with 58.82% followed by shrubs (35.29%) and herbs (5.88%). Spontaneous plants represent 76.47% and cultivated plants represent 23.53%. The melliferous flora was largely dominated by African and Afro-Indian species, which together accounted for 70.58% of the species. According to their apicultural value, the nectariferous species represented 58.82% and the reamining were  polleniferous (41.18%). The species that bloom in the rainy season were more numerous with 52.94% of the species. This  study enabled  us to identify  nine (09) species with  high melliferous value. Further studies on foraging activity and nectar production would be highly useful to test real melliferous potential of these plants and their value further.

The impact of temperature and precipitation changes on honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the Aegean region under future climate scenarios

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim van der Schriek ◽  
Gianna Kitsara ◽  
Konstantinos V. Varotsos ◽  
Christos Giannakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Aegean Region ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Heat Extremes

<p>The Aegean region (Greece) preserves a wide genetic diversity amongst the honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) of its many islands and supports an important bee keeping industry. However, sector-specific regional impact studies, based on the latest high-resolution regional climate models (RCMs), are urgently required for developing successful local adaptation strategies for beekeeping and to preserve biodiversity under future climate change scenarios.</p><p>We evaluated direct climate change impacts on honey bees in the Aegean region through novel threshold temperature and precipitation indices, linked to critical bee behavior and colony mortality. There are strong relationships between ambient temperature and key bee colony behavior such as, for example, nest thermo-humidity regulation, annual population variability and foraging. Additionally, dry conditions and heatwaves have been empirically linked to declines in colony food stores and increased colony mortality rates. Impact projections used simulated temperature and precipitation data from an ensemble of seven RCMs under the medium (RCP4.5) and high (RCP8.5) emission scenarios for the control- (1971-2000), near future- (2031-2060) and distant future (2071-2100) periods. Simulated data were bias-adjusted using the long-term meteorological record of Naxos Island (central Aegean).</p><p>Overheating in summer constitutes a major challenge to nest temperature regulation. Thermal and humidity conditions are well-regulated in bee nests given their importance for colony health. Brood must remain at 33-36 <sup>o</sup>C and experience high relative humidity for proper development. Bees tend to start cooling nests when ambient temperatures are >25 <sup>o</sup>C. Evaporative cooling using water is of critical importance with temperatures above 35 <sup>o</sup>C and is remarkably effective in stabilising nest temperature at 36 <sup>o</sup>C, even as ambient temperatures are >60 <sup>o</sup>C. Thermoregulation is highly demanding, and brood is mainly reared during optimum periods with no/low need of regulation. Sustained high temperatures >40-45 <sup>o</sup>C cause significant colony losses. The highest foraging activity takes place in the temperature range from 12-25<sup> o</sup>C, whereas there is no activity <7<sup> o</sup>C and >43<sup> o</sup>C. Winter colony mortality rates increase when the spring flowering period experiences very low rainfall and extreme temperatures.</p><p>Future climatic change projections show significant increases in seasonal temperatures and days without precipitation, which will negatively affect the region’s bees. More frequent and severe heat-extremes will characterize seasons from spring to autumn, forcing bee colonies to cool their nests more intensively. Meanwhile, the availability of water and nectar (used for evaporative cooling) will decrease during extreme warm-dry events. The increase in heat extremes will likely lead to increased colony losses. Temperatures within the range for optimal foraging activity are less likely to occur during the flowering period. Finally, years with spring seasons characterized by very low rainfall and extreme temperatures will become more frequent in the future which may result in increased winter mortality rates.</p>

ALSIKE CLOVER POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES IN THE PEACE RIVER REGION

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pankiw ◽  
C. R. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Peace River ◽  
River Region ◽  
Native Pollinator ◽  
Seed Yields

Pollination studies involving zero, one and three colonies of honey bees per acre, on commercial alsike clover fields ranging in size from 15 to 75 acres, were conducted in 1954, 1955, and 1957 in the Hinton Trail district of the Peace River Region of Alberta. These studies indicated that in large fields one colony of honey bees per acre is sufficient to pollinate alsike clover, consideration being given to competition of other crops and to the climatic conditions. The influence of competing crops was such that 65- to 75-acre fields, with one colony per acre, were similar in honey bee populations and seed production to 15- to 20-acre fields with three colonies per acre. Competing plant species accounted for 15 to 36 per cent of the pollen collected by honey bees. Fields with the higher populations of pollinators matured earlier than fields deficient in pollinators. A population of 3400 honey bees per acre (0.7 bee per sq. yd.) throughout the flowering period resulted in seed sets up to 82 per cent and seed yields to 375 lb. per acre. Check fields, where no honey bees were supplied, ranged in production from 29 lb. per acre, with a low native pollinator count, to 293 lb. where a pollinator equivalent of 1300 bumble bees per acre was observed. Bumble bees worked alsike clover at the rate of 28.6 florets per minute, as compared to 20.0 for leaf-cutter bees and 18.7 for honey bees.

scholarly journals Busy Bees: Variation in Insect Flower-Visiting Rates across Multiple Plant Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Couvillon ◽  
Chandra M. Walter ◽  
Eluned M. Blows ◽  
Tomer J. Czaczkes ◽  
Karin L. Alton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Flower Visiting

We quantified insect visitation rates by counting how many flowers/inflorescences were probed per unit time for five plant species (four native and one garden: California lilac, bramble, ragwort, wild marjoram, and ivy) growing in Sussex, United Kingdom, by following individual insects (n=2987) from nine functional groups (honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumble bees (Bombusspp.), hoverflies, flies, butterflies, beetles, wasps, non-Apidae bees, and moths). Additionally, we made a census of the insect diversity on the studied plant species. Overall we found that insect groups differed greatly in their rate of flower visits (P<2.2e-16), with bumble bees and honey bees visiting significantly more flowers per time (11.5 and 9.2 flowers/minute, resp.) than the other insect groups. Additionally, we report on a within-group difference in the non-Apidae bees, where the genusOsmia, which is often suggested as an alternative to honey bees as a managed pollinator, was very speedy (13.4 flowers/minute) compared to the other non-Apidae bees (4.3 flowers/minute). Our census showed that the plants attracted a range of insects, with the honey bee as the most abundant visitor (34%). Therefore, rate differences cannot be explained by particular specializations. Lastly, we discuss potential implications of our conclusions for pollination.

scholarly journals Flowers as viral hot spots: Honey bees (Apis mellifera) unevenly deposit viruses across plant species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0221800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha A. Alger ◽  
P. Alexander Burnham ◽  
Alison K. Brody
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Hot Spots

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Lokal dan Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berguna Pada Masyarakat Batulanteh, Pulau Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat: Sebuah Kajian Etnobotani

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Mulyati Rahayu ◽  
Nissa Arifa ◽  
Muhamad Nikmatullah ◽  
Ary Prihardhyanto Keim
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Apis Dorsata ◽  
Useful Plants ◽  
Natural Honey

The study was conducted in Batulanteh District, Sumbawa regency, Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, which is aimed to reveal the knowledge of the Samawa people on the diversity of useful plants and their uses. It documented 111 plant species, in which 47.5% are used as traditional medicine. Also, the sudy found that wild honey bees (Apis dorsata) is having a conspicuous association with plants in producing natural honey, which plays an important role in the local economy. The interviews with selected respondents showed that the Samawa people totally understand the importance of forest conservation in relation with the existence of the honey bees’ life.

scholarly journals Karadeniz Sahil Kuşağında Yağlık Kolza (Brassica napus L.,) Bitkisinin Çiçeklenme Fenolojisi, Çiçek Sayısı, Nektar ve Polen Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Necda Çankaya ◽  
Ulviye Kumova
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Second Year

This research was carried out in 2011 and 2012 in order to determine the flowering phenology, number of flowers, nectar and pollen potential in the Samsun province of the oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), which is widely used in agriculture in our country. In the first year of the study (2011), it was determined that the rapeseed plant was in flower for 44 days, there were 2.694 flowers per plant, 1.89 kg/da nectar per day and 1330 kg/da pollen production. In the second year of the research (2012), it was revealed that the rapeseed plant was in flower for 39 days, there were 701 plants/flower in the plant, 0.38 kg/da nectar secreted daily and 331.57 kg/da pollen. According to the results of two years, the yield of rapeseed was found to be 41.5 days, the daily nectar production was 0.23 mg/flower/day, the nectar dry matter level was 20.25% and the pollen production was 0.48 mg/flower/day. In Samsun province, it was determined that rapeseed plants flowered before the flowering of many plants in the vicinity in the early spring, and provided honey bees, Apis mellifera L., and many other honey bees, nectar and pollen. It has been demonstrated that the cultivation of rapeseed is cultivated in the early spring, and it can be a convenient source of food for honey bees and other dusty insects.

scholarly journals Role and patterns of butterflies and hawkmoths in plant-pollinator networks at different elevations and seasons in tropical rainforests of Mount Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan E.J. Mertens ◽  
Lucas Brisson ◽  
Štěpán Janeček ◽  
Yannick Klomberg ◽  
Vincent Maicher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Floral Colour ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
List Type ◽  
Pollination Syndromes ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Mount Cameroon ◽  
Plant Pollinator

AbstractButterflies and moths are well-visible flower visitors. Nevertheless, almost no quantification of their role in plant-pollinator interactions exists at a community level, especially from tropical rainforests. Moreover, we have virtually no knowledge on environmental and other factors affecting lepidopteran flower visits.We focused on the role of butterflies and hawkmoths as flower visitors in tropical rainforests of Mount Cameroon, especially on its elevational and seasonal changes. We also analysed their preferences to selected floral traits, with a specific focus on pollination syndromes.We video-recorded flower visitors of 1,115 specimens of 212 plant species (>26,000 recording hrs) along the complete elevational gradient of rainforests in two main seasons, and compared frequencies of flower-visiting lepidopterans to other visitors. We compared characteristics of plant-lepidopteran networks among elevations and seasons, and analysed patterns of selected lepidopteran traits. Finally, we analysed inter-family differences in their floral preferences.Altogether, we recorded 734 flower visits by 80 butterflies and 27 hawkmoth species, representing only ~4% of all 18,439 flower visits. Although lepidopterans visited only a third species, they appeared key visitors of several plants. The most flower visits by lepidopterans were recorded in mid-elevations and dry season, mirroring the general patterns of lepidopteran diversity. The networks showed no apparent elevational or seasonal patterns, probably because of the surprisingly high specialisation of interactions in all networks. Significant non-linear changes of proboscis and forewing lengths were found along elevation, and long-proboscid hesperiid butterflies visited flowers with longer tubes or spurs. Substantial differences in floral preferences were found between sphingids, and papilionid, nymphalid and lycaenid butterflies, revealing importance of nectar production, floral size and shape for sphingids, and floral colour for butterflies.Butterflies and hawkmoths were confirmed as relatively minor visitors of tropical forest flowers, although they seemed crucial for pollination of some plant species. Moreover, the revealed floral preferences and trait-matchings confirmed a potential of some lepidopteran families to drive floral evolution in tropical ecosystems.

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