scholarly journals Essential oil content of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) by Hand-held Electronic Nose

2017 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
N K Leela*, A M Muneeb, S Mukherjee, D Ghosh, N Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Composition Design ◽  
Elettaria Cardamomum ◽  
The World

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton.) is one of the most expensive spices in the world. Essential oil is the most functionally important component of cardamom and is described as sweet, spicy, warm, camphoraceous and citrusy. The quality of cardamom is assessed by the essential oil content and its composition. Design of hand-held E-nose and evaluation of quality of cardamom  in terms of its essential oil content is reported here.

scholarly journals Influence of preemergently applied herbicides on the yield and quality of caraway achenes (Carum carvi L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266
Author(s):  
Antonín Vaculík
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Caraway has very low competitive ability against most of weed species. Therefore, it is important to choose a suitable herbicide control, especially at biennial caraway. The experiments with the herbicides applied in caraway were found in pure growth, with variety Kepron (with standard length of ve­ge­ta­ti­ve period). The aim of the trials was to find out the differences at achenes yiled and essential oil content after the treatment by the various herbicides, applied preemergently. Also, the selective ac­ti­vi­ty of individual herbicides was tested, including the different doses. The herbicides used in the ex­pe­ri­ments had enough level of selektivity on the plants of caraway. They had a positive effect on the yiled comparing to non-treated control variant in all observed years. There was no statistically significant difference in essential oil kontent between the treated variants and non-treated control. On the basis of these results, the most suitable herbicide was chosen for the „minor“ registration for caraway.

scholarly journals Changes in the essential oil content and terpene composition of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) by using plant biostimulants

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir FOROUTAN NIA ◽  
Hassanali NAGHDI BADI ◽  
Ali MEHRAFARIN ◽  
Sanaz BAHMAN ◽  
Mehdi SEIF SAHANDI
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Content ◽  
Rosemary Essential Oil

Plant biostimulants can stimulate the increase of growth, metabolism and the biosynthesis of metabolites in plants. This study investigated the changes of rosemary essential oil and its components composition under use of biostimulants for the possible reduction in use of chemical fertilizers. Treatments included biostimulants based on amino acids in four formulations, Aminolforte, Kadostim, Humiforte, and Fosnutren (each of them at 0.75 and 1.5 L ha<sup>-1</sup>), and application of N.P.K fertilizer as a control treatment (by applied complete fertilizer at 100 kg per hectar with proportion of 15:8:15 percentage of N:P:K in the fertilizer). Results showed that the essential oil content and its components were significantly affected by biostimulants application. The maximum content of essential oil was obtained at 1.5 L ha<sup>-1 </sup>Humiforte and both concentrations of Aminolforte. While, the highest content of <em>α</em>-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor as major components of rosemary essential oil were obtained at 1.5 L ha<sup>-1 </sup>Fosnutren. In addition, the maximum content of linalool, <em>z</em>-pinocamphone, bornyl acetate, and caryophyllene oxide were observed at 1.5 L ha<sup>-1</sup> Fosnutren.Although, the highest content of myrcene and verbenone was obtained in the treatment with N.P.K fertilizer, but the maximum contents of <em>β</em>-pinene, camphene, borneol, and <em>α</em>-terpineol were related to the both concentrations of Aminolforte.We can conclude that biostimulants based on amino acids can be an effective alternative in reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and increasing the quantity and quality of rosemary essential oil.

Postharvest changes in essential oil content and quality of lavender flowers

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Dušková ◽  
Karel Dušek ◽  
Přemysl Indrák ◽  
Kateřina Smékalová
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HOT DRYING ON THE ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENT AND COLOUR CHARACTIRISTICS OF PEPPERMINT (Mentha piperita)

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Kim Chi ◽  
Duong Thi Thanh Thao ◽  
Hoang Quoc Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
Hue Angle

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different temperature of hot air drying on the qualities of dried peppermint included essential oil content, colour parameters, colour sensory quality and modelling the colour change kinetics. The drying experiments were carried out at five air temperature of 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80oC. The colour parameters for colour change of the materials were quantified by the Hunter L (whiteness/darkness), a (redness/greenness) and b (yellowness/blueness) system. These values were also used for calculation of total change (DE) as well as chroma, hue angle and Browning index. A consumer preference test was conducted with 80 consumers to assess the colour quality of 05 dried peppermints. The results showed that the decreasing of essential oils content at high drying temperature is higher than at low temperature. Least Squares regression was used to determine the relationship between colour sensory scores of consumer taster and quantification of three Hunter parameters. In that, variable “L” and “b” could be distributed to decreasing while variable “a” contributory increase the colour quality of dried peppermint products. It was observed that L, a, DE and hue angle values were fitted to the zero-order model, while b and chroma were fitted to the first-order model.

scholarly journals Environmental influence over the emblements and content of the caraway essential oil (Carum carvi L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Králík ◽  
Miroslav Jůzl ◽  
Blanka Kocourková
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

The work deals with the possibility of improvement of qualitative and quantitative parameters of caraway (Carum carvi L.). The yield of the achenes is not satisfactory during last years and qualitative demands are clarify in correspondence to the market. The possibilities of this variation can be found in growing technology and in variety spectrum. The influence of weather is inconsiderable. Therefore, the experiments with three varieties were found (PROCHAN, KEPRON and REKORD). They were cultivated in cover crop and as pure growth on three sites. The yield components were evaluated in all variants: the yield of the achenes from m2, HTS (the weight of thousand seeds in g), the essential oil content in % and essential oil yield in kg.ha–1. On the basis of the results from the experiments we can make following conclusions. The highest yield was recorded in Šumperk site with cover crop. The varieties did not affect the yield. HTS was different on the sites, the highest HTS had the achenes from Telč. The differences were determined between vegetative periods. Also the essential oil content, similarly as the HTS, was influenced by the vegetative period and by the site. The essential oil yield corresponded with the essential oil content and with the yield of the achenes. The vegetative period almost always affected yield and the quality of caraway fundamentally. There were no differences among the varieties for all studied traits.

scholarly journals The Quality of Greek Oregano (O. vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart) and Common Oregano (O. vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) Cultivated in the Temperate Climate of Central Europe

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1671
Author(s):  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Jarosław. L. Przybył ◽  
Ewelina Pióro-Jabrucka ◽  
Katarzyna Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Temperate Climate

The purpose of the study was to determine the differences between two subspecies: O. vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart (Greek oregano) and O. vulgare L. subsp. vulgare (common oregano) growing in cultivation conditions within temperate climate of Central Europe. The characteristic of the subspecies was undertaken in terms of selected morphological parameters and the quality of the raw material. The herb of both subspecies was evaluated on the content and composition of essential oil by hydrodistillation followed by GC-MS and GC-FID (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and flame ionization detector), the total content of phenolic acids (according to PP 6th ed.) and the content of rosmarinic acid (by HPLC). The sensory evaluation (QDA) was performed, as well. Greek oregano was distinguished by visibly higher number of glandular trichomes on the leaves (up to 4.85 per 1 mm2) followed by higher content of essential oil in the herb (up to 3.36 g × 100 g−1 DW) in comparison to common oregano. Based on the essential oil composition, Greek oregano was classified as mixed carvacrol/γ-terpinene chemotype, while common oregano as mixed sabinyl/cymyl type rich in sesquiterpenes. Greek oregano was also characterized by higher total content of phenolic acids (up to 6.16 g × 100 g−1 DW) and rosmarinic acid (up to 6787.2 mg × 100 g−1 DW) than common oregano. Essential oil content reached the maximum at the beginning of blooming (common oregano) and at the full blooming stage (Greek oregano). In turn, the amount of phenolic acids followed by rosmarinic acid was the highest at the beginning of seed-setting stage, in the case of both subspecies. The differences between subspecies concerning chemical composition (especially essential oil) were reflected in the sensory attributes, where both odor and taste notes were found at higher level for Greek oregano. Results of our work indicate that Greek oregano is well adapted to grow in the temperate zone conditions. Such adaptation was reflected mainly in the satisfied yield and maintaining characters typical for the Mediterranean plant, e.g., a high essential oil content followed by high carvacrol share, traits the most important from practice viewpoint.

Irrigation dose and plant density affect the essential oil content and sensory quality of parsley ( Petroselinum sativum )

2016 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein El-Zaeddi ◽  
Ángel Calín-Sánchez ◽  
Juan Martínez-Tomé ◽  
Luis Noguera-Artiaga ◽  
Francisco Burló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Plant Density

scholarly journals Salvia verticillata L. in the Czech Republic – variability of morphological characteristics, seed quality and essential oil content

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Dušek ◽  
Elena Dušková ◽  
Kateřina Smékalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Testing Method

Lilac sage (Whorled sage), as one of the medicinal plants chosen as perspective for the recultivation of flowering meadows in the Czech Republic, was studied for the variability of its morphological cha­rac­ters, seed quality and content of essential oil. Seven particular populations of this genus were stu­died in the Czech Republic and there were found statistically significant differences in morphological characters (height and width of plants, length and width of leaves and length of inflorescences) but not in the content of the essential oil. Studied populations reached only between 0.028 and 0.072% of essential oil in dry mass and also the quality of seeds was found very low (germination between 0–52%) in the seeds from natural localities but this fact could be influenced by testing method.

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