Nitrogen mineralization and microbial activity as influenced by sulfur sources in an alkaline calcareous soil

A study was performed to check the effects of various sources of sulfur on microbial activity, microbial population, N mineralization and organic matter content in an alkaline calcareous soil by using soil samples collected from Malakandher Farm at 0-20 cm depth, and analyzed for microbial activity, total mineral nitrogen, bacterial and fungal population and organic matter content. The results showed that the rate of CO2 evolution and cumulative CO2 production were higher in soils amended with elemental sulfur followed by sulfuric acid and gypsum treated soils. The microbial activity decreased with incubation period in all treatments, and the microbial population was greatly affected by sulfur sources. Generally, the bacterial population decreased in soils amended with elemental sulfur, but the population was higher in soils amended with gypsum. Bacterial population was suppressed in soils treated with sulfuric acid. However, the fungal population was higher in soils amended with sulfuric acids was less in soil amended with elemental sulfur. The sulfur amendments promoted immobilization of N. The net N immobilized was higher in soil amended with gypsum followed by soils amended with sulfuric acid and elemental sulfur. The percent organic matter was higher in soils amended with gypsum and was decreased compared with that amended with elemental sulfur or sulfuric acid. These results suggested that soil microbiological properties changed with sulfur amendments during laboratory incubation.

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EFFECT OF LONG-TERM PIG SLURRY AND SOLID CATTLE MANURE APPLICATION ON SOIL CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss89-005 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

A. NDAYEGAMIYE ◽

D. CÔTÉ

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Humic Acids ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Pig Slurry

Chemical and biological properties were evaluated in 1987 on an acidic silty loam soil following a long-term field study established in 1978 and cultivated with silage corn. Treatments included a control, solid cattle manure (20, 40 and 60 Mg ha−1 FYM) and pig slurry (60, 120 m3 ha−1 SLU) applied every 2 yr and annually, respectively. No fertilizer was applied. The results of this study have shown that neither treatment significantly affected soil pH values, total-N contents and C:N ratios compared to the control. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil was significantly higher with FYM treatment than with control or SLU application. The highest rates of FYM and SLU have also increased (P < 0.05) soil organic carbon, microbial activity and potentially mineralizable nitrogen. The soil microflora populations (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, ammonifiers and nitrifiers) were greatly improved by both treatments. There were no significant differences in organic matter content or the relative amount of humic and fulvic acids between FYM and SLU plots. In spite of these results, FYM application (40 and 60 Mg ha−1) did affect more significantly the distribution of organic carbon in HA and the E4/E6 quotients than SLU additions. Humic acids extracted from SLU amended soils had a lower C content and lower E4/E6 ratios than humic acids from FYM soils. Long-term SLU application did not contribute to decreased organic matter content, CEC and humic acids yield, probably because of optimal organic residues returned to the soil by the corn crops. The FYM application generally improved soil chemical and biological properties. For a sustainable soil productivity, long-term SLU application should then be avoided in rotation in which small amounts of plant residues are returned, especially on soils with low organic matter contents. Key words: Organic matter, microbial activity, nitrogen mineralization potential, CEC, solid cattle manure, pig slurry

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Salinity affects microbial activity and soil organic matter content in tidal wetlands

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/gcb.12431 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 1351-1362 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

Ember M. Morrissey ◽

Jaimie L. Gillespie ◽

Joseph C. Morina ◽

Rima B. Franklin

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Tidal Wetlands ◽

Soil Organic Matter Content

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The fate of manganese sulphate in alkaline soils

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600048334 ◽

1943 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 18-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. L. Wain ◽

B. J. Silk ◽

B. C. Wills

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Calcareous Soil ◽

Manganese Content ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Matter Content ◽

Alkaline Soil ◽

Alkaline Soils ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Manganese Sulphate

1. Experiments have been made to determine the effect of treating alkaline soils with manganese sulphate on the quantities of manganese which can be extracted by N-ammonium acetate.2. Two soils of known total and ‘extractable’ manganese content were treated with manganese sulphate solution in the laboratory and re-analysed after definite time intervals. In the first of these, a calcareous soil from the College Farm, the extractable manganese decreased for 14 days after treatment, after which time manganese was again liberated, presumably due to a waterlogging effect. The extractable manganese in the second soil, a slightly alkaline soil with a high organic matter content, increased appreciably after treatment and remained at this level for the duration of the experiment.3. An experiment conducted in the field on a highly calcareous soil showed that the extractable manganese content down to a depth of 12 in., had fallen to its original level only 7 days after treatment. This behaviour is in agreement with the observations of other workers that there is little residual effect from manganese sulphate treatment for subsequent crops. The desirability of performing similar experiments on other soils is suggested.4. The effect of waterlogging and steam sterilization was to increase the quantities of extractable manganese in the soils examined.The authors wish to express their grateful thanks to Mr B. S. Furneaux, M.Sc, for the descriptions of the soils investigated, and to Dr N. H. Pizer for his valuable suggestions in the preparation of this paper. They are also indebted to Mr J. Hargrave of the Agricultural Institute, Kirton, Lines, for providing the Bourne Fen soil, and to Mr J. Tinsley, B.Sc., for pH and organic matter determinations.

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Maize Inoculation with Microbial Consortia: Contrasting Effects on Rhizosphere Activities, Nutrient Acquisition and Early Growth in Different Soils

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7090329 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 329 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Klára Bradáčová ◽

Maximilian Sittinger ◽

Katharina Tietz ◽

Benjamin Neuhäuser ◽

Ellen Kandeler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Nutrient Acquisition ◽

Microbial Consortia ◽

P Cycling ◽

Major Mode ◽

Wide Range ◽

N And P Cycling

The benefit of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) as plant inoculants is influenced by a wide range of environmental factors. Therefore, microbial consortia products (MCPs) based on multiple PGPM strains with complementary functions, have been proposed as superior, particularly under challenging environmental conditions and for restoration of beneficial microbial communities in disturbed soil environments. To test this hypothesis, the performance of a commercial MCP inoculant based on 22 PGPM strains was investigated in greenhouse experiments with maize on three soils with contrasting pH, organic matter content and microbial activity, under different P and N fertilization regimes. Interestingly, the MCP inoculant stimulated root and shoot growth and improved the acquisition of macronutrients only on a freshly collected field soil with high organic matter content, exclusively in combination with stabilized ammonium fertilization. This was associated with transiently increased expression of AuxIAA5 in the root tissue, a gene responsive to exogenous auxin supply, suggesting root growth promotion by microbial auxin production as a major mode of action of the MCP inoculant. High microbial activity was indicated by intense expression of soil enzyme activities involved in C, N and P cycling in the rhizosphere (cellulase, leucine peptidase, alkaline and acid phosphatases) but without MCP effects. By contrast, the MCP inoculation did not affect maize biomass production or nutrient acquisition on soils with very little Corg and low microbial activity, although moderate stimulation of rhizosphere enzymes involved in N and P cycling was recorded. There was also no indication for MCP-induced solubilization of Ca-phosphates on a calcareous sub-soil fertilized with rock-phosphate. The results demonstrate that the combination of multiple PGPM strains with complementary properties as MCP inoculants does not necessarily translate into plant benefits in challenging environments. Thus, a better understanding of the conditions determining successful MCP application is mandatory.

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Study on the Revitalization Potential of Thermal-treated Soils

Agrokémia és Talajtan ◽

10.1556/agrokem.51.2002.1-2.16 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 51 (1-2) ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

László Vermes ◽

B. Biró

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Test Plant ◽

Great Success ◽

Organic Additives ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Microbial Inocula

A pot experiment was set up at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Horticultural Sciences of the Szent István University in 2001 investigating the revitalization effect of selected treatments on thermal-treated soils and other production substances. In the experiment 6 factors and 7 treatments were used, each in 4 replicates, using rape ( Brassica napus DC ) as test plant. During the time period of the experiment (29 May-17 August) continuous observations and measurements were conducted, plant and soil analyses - chemical and microbiological - were made to establish the main effects and results of the different treatments. These are discussed in the paper in detail. Although the soil-vitalization procedures were of great success, no treatment in the experiment had an extremely positive effect. Various additives, however could enhance the re-colonization processes significantly. According to the basic factors (the soils or substrates) the best treatments were: the A1 (clay-pearl) additive and the C2, C3 factors (the medium and low temperature soil treatments). Among the treatment combinations, treatments IV and VII were the best ( compost and compost + inocula addition). This fact shows that the compost in a good quality, and the compost enriched, compost extracted microbial inocula can play the most important role in the revitalization of thermal-treated soils. Manure addition and the manure + inocula treatment can also be used as a prominent treatment in the restoration, to increase the organic matter content and the microbial activity in soils. The single alga- and microbial inocula treatment was not successful permanently, therefore their use - without adding any parallel organic matter - cannot be recommended. Investigations of the soil microbial activity showed that the lowest temperature of thermal treatments had resulted a more effective revitalization. The clay-pearl additive increased the persistency and activity of the microbes in the soil. It was also obviously found that the organic additives with or without the microbial inoculations could be used potentially as the best soil revitalization treatments.

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Influence of agricultural land management on organic matter content, microbial activity and aggregate stability in the profiles of two Oxisols

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/s00374-002-0542-9 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 298-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Dominy C. ◽

Haynes R.

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Land Management ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Matter Content ◽

Agricultural Land Management

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HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology ◽

10.33623/0579-9406-2018-3-46-54 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 46-54

Author(s):

O. A. Lipatnikova

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Bottom Sediments ◽

Metal Speciation ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Matter Content ◽

Heavy Metal Speciation ◽

Mobile Forms ◽

Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

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Changes in organic matter content of soil as a result of long-term fertilization

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1556/crc.33.2005.1.12 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 53-55

Author(s):

Katalin Berecz ◽

Katalin Debreczeni

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content

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Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil Collected from Chandrabhaga River in Kalmeshwar, Nagpur, Maharashtra

Journal of Advanced Research in Alternative Energy Environment and Ecology ◽

10.24321/2455.3093.202006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Amita M Watkar ◽

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Attributes ◽

Essential Components ◽

Agricultural Land Management ◽

Physical And Chemical

Soil, itself means Soul of Infinite Life. Soil is the naturally occurring unconsolidated or loose covering on the earth’s surface. Physical properties depend upon the amount, size, shape, arrangement, and mineral composition of soil particles. It also depends on the organic matter content and pore spaces. Chemical properties depend on the Inorganic and organic matter present in the soil. Soils are the essential components of the environment and foundation resources for nearly all types of land use, besides being the most important component of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, assessment of soil quality and its direction of change with time is an ideal and primary indicator of sustainable agricultural land management. Soil quality indicators refer to measurable soil attributes that influence the capacity of a soil to function, within the limits imposed by the ecosystem, to preserve biological productivity and environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health. The present study is to assess these soil attributes such as physical and chemical properties season-wise.

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