scholarly journals Violencias contra las mujeres negras: Neo conquista y neo colonización de territorios y cuerpos en la región del Pacífico colombiano

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Lozano Lerma

Resumen: En este ensayo cuestiono la apreciación generalizada por parte de funcionarios y funcionarias del Estado colombiano de que los asesinatos de mujeres que se suceden en número alarmante en los últimos 10 años en Buenaventura, no son más que violencia intrafamiliar y que la crueldad con la que son cometidos son solo expresión de prácticas culturales tradicionalmente violentas de las comunidades negras que allí habitan. Me pr0pongo probar que la violencia contra las mujeres es parte de la estrategia de desterritorialización de la población negra por parte del capitalismo global que necesita de esos territorios para la ejecución de sus megaproyectos de gran inversión. Planteo que lo que se vive hoy en la ciudad colombiana de Buenaventura es un proceso de neo conquista y neo colonización de los territorios, los cuerpos y los imaginarios de sus habitantes, las comunidades negras e indígenas. Palabras claves: violencia, mujeres negras, desterritorialización, población negra, neo colonización. Violence against Black Women: Neo Conquest and Neo Colonization of Territory and Bodies in the Colombian Pacific Region Abstract: In this essay I question the widespread acceptance by Colombian government officials of the murders of women, occurring in alarming numbers over the last 10 years in Buenaventura, Colombia’s main port on the Pacific, as being merely domestic violence and that the ruthlessness with which these murders are being committed are simply an expression of a tradition of violent cultural practices within the black communities living there. I aim to show that this violence against women is part of the strategy of deterritorialization of the black population on the part of global capitalism in order to obtain territory needed to implement their large investment megaprojects. I argue what is happening today in the Colombian city of Buenaventura is a process of neo conquest and neo colonization of territories, bodies and imaginaries of its inhabitants, the black and indigenous communities. Key words: Violence, black women, deterritorialization, black people, neo colonization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Teah Monique Hairston

Systemic racism has resulted in the disproportionate imprisonment of Black people. With Black men constituting a large percentage of incarcerated bodies, many Black women (44 [percent])--mothers, wives, sisters, etc.--will experience vicarious incarceration. This research examines the ways this population, as caretakers and supporters of their incarcerated loved, ones manage resilience in their daily lives as they navigate a racist, sexist society. Ten women were interviewed about their experiences with vicarious incarceration and reentry. I conclude that the women manage resiliency largely through the support of other Black women and community-family, who--in many instances--are also experiencing vicarious incarceration and/or other racial stress and trauma. Findings provide implications for the need for effective resources, more specifically, culturally-informed, culturally-relevant resources--to assist Black communities with healing from the effects of incarceration, and to prevent and intervene in the intergenerational cycles of criminal justice entanglement.


2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Constance Bailey

This dissertation looks at nine works by contemporary black women writers and argues that the relationships between the major characters in the text reflect and emphasize the importance of mentoring bonds in black communities. More importantly, the project argues that by critically exploring this relationship we can come come to understand more about coming of narratives written by black women writers. These works suggest that there is a marked difference in the way that black people, black women in particular, mature, become successfully integrated into society, and deal with personal and communal crises.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-200
Author(s):  
María Teresa Pisa Cañete

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar, desde una perspectiva contrastiva, los estereotipos de los negros y de las negras en las novelas Brin d’amour y Histoire de la femme cannibale, de Raphaël Constant y Maryse Condé, dos escritores antillanos contemporáneos. Tras la presentación del marco metodológico, el análisis muestra los elementos que componen esos estereotipos, como las acciones y los pensamientos de los personajes, así como las relaciones entre ellos. Además, los personajes de cada novela representan actitudes opuestas sobre la realidad representada, lo que da lugar a una antítesis ideológica. Esto también ocurre entre las protagonistas de las dos novelas: Lysiane y Rosélie. La primera, desde el principio, simboliza la indignación y la revuelta contra las condiciones de la mujer, mientras que la segunda se identifica con la inseguridad y la sumisión. Sin embargo, al final las dos lucharán por la libertad. Estas dos novelas pueden ser consideradas como actos literarios de oposición a la discriminación de las personas negras y de las mujeres. The purpose of this paper is to study, from a comparative perspective, the stereotypes of Black People and Black Women in the novels Brin d’amour and Histoire de la femme cannibale, by Raphaël Constant and Maryse Condé, two Antillean contemporary writers. After having introduced the methodological frame, the analysis will show the elements those stereotypes consist of, such as the actions and thoughts of characters and their relationships. Besides, characters of each novel will represent opposite views of the depicted reality, which results in an ideological antithesis. This is also the case between the main character of the two novels: Lysiane and Rosélie. The first, from the beginning, symbolises indignation and revolt against women conditions, white the second identifies herself with lack of confidence and submission. However, in the end both characters will fight for freedom. These two novels can be considered as literary acts opposed to discrimination against black people and women.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-889
Author(s):  
Pablo Moreno Fernandes Viana ◽  
Dalila Maria Musa Belmiro

Este artigo analisa a comunicação de marcas que comercializam produtos para cabelos cacheados e crespos em comemoração ao Dia Internacional da Mulher e Dia da Consciência Negra em 2018. Baseados na origem das duas datas, estudamos as dimensões políticas do consumo, a partir de uma perspectiva interseccional entre gênero e raça. A análise semiótica de posts no Facebook de três marcas brasileiras discute a constituição da identidade das mulheres negras, seu lugar na sociedade, assim como empoderamento e consumo na contemporaneidade, em um país sexista e racista. Verificamos como as interseccionalidades são abordadas (ou apagadas), em um cenário que visa inserir negros nos discursos publicitários.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Identidade; Consumo; Interseccionalidade; Racismo; Feminismo Negro.     ABSTRACT This article analyses the communication of brands that market products for curly and afro hair in celebration of International Women's Day and Black Awareness Day in 2018. Based in the origin of the two dates, we studied the political dimensions of consumerism, from an intersectional perspective between gender and race. The semiotic analysis of posts on Facebook of three Brazilian brands discusses the identity constitution of black women, their place in society, as well the empowerment and consumption in the contemporary, in a sexist and racist country. We verify how intersectionalities are approached (or erased), in a scenario that aims to insert black people in advertising discourses.   KEYWORDS: Identity; Consumerism; Intersectionality; Racism; Black Feminism.     RESUMEN Este artículo analiza la comunicación de marcas que venden productos para el cabello crespo y rizado en celebración del Día Internacional de la Mujer y el Día de la Conciencia Negra en 2018. Basados en el origen de las dos fechas, estudiamos las dimensiones políticas del consumo desde una perspectiva interseccional entre género y raza. El análisis semiótico de las publicaciones en Facebook de tres marcas brasileñas estudia la constitución de la identidad de las mujeres negras, su lugar en la sociedad, así como el empoderamiento y el consumo en los tiempos contemporáneos, en un país sexista y racista. Verificamos cómo se abordan (o borran) la interseccionalidad, en un escenario que apunta a insertar negros en los discursos publicitarios.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Identidad; Consumen; Interseccionalidad; Racismo; Feminismo Negro.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Alice de Fátima Nogueira de Moura ◽  
Ingrid Pereira Reis

A maneira como a mídia, em especial o jornalismo brasileiro, representa a mulher negra, ainda reforça o estereótipo racial e social pobre e sexista, além de o espaço para a veiculação de conteúdos produzidos e protagonizados por negras ser quase inexistente. A partir dessa afirmação, a problemática da pesquisa procurou responder o seguinte questionamento: qual a representatividade da mulher negra no jornalismo impresso, mais especificamente no jornal O Liberal? O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi investigar a representatividade da mulher negra no jornalismo impresso, mais especificamente no jornal O Liberal, e como objetivos específicos: pesquisar a representatividade da mulher negra no jornal em discussão; analisar a representatividade da mulher negra nesses conteúdos; comparar, o espaço de voz entre mulheres negras e brancas, e, identificar se o discurso do jornal fortalece o silenciamento das mulheres negras. Como instrumento de pesquisa, utilizou-se a entrevista semidirigida com a jornalista Sheila Faro, Presidente do Sindicato dos Jornalistas do Pará – SINJORPA, que foi transformada em material audiovisual. A conclusão aponta que o modelo atual de comunicação do jornal O Liberal fortalece o silenciamento das mulheres negras, negando a essas mulheres participação ativa em discussões essenciais para a estruturação de uma sociedade mais justa e igual.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Jornalismo Impresso; Mulher; Negritude; Representatividade.     ABSTRACT The way the media, especially Brazilian journalism, represents the black woman, still reinforces the racial and social stereotype poor and sexist, and the space for the production of content produced and carried out by black people is almost non-existent. From this statement, the research question sought to answer the following question: what is the representation of the black woman in print journalism, more specifically in the newspaper The Liberal? The general objective of this work was to investigate the representativeness of the black woman in printed journalism, more specifically in the newspaper The Liberal, and as specific objectives: to investigate the representativeness of the black woman in the newspaper under discussion; analyze the representativeness of the black woman in these contents; compare the voice space between black and white women, and identify if the newspaper's speech strengthens the black women's silence. As a research tool, the semi-directed interview with the journalist Sheila Faro, President of the Syndicate of Journalists of Pará - SINJORPA, was used, which was transformed into audiovisual material. The conclusion is that the current communication model of the newspaper O Liberal strengthens the silence of black women, denying these women an active participation in discussions essential for the structuring of a more just and equal society.   KEYWORDS: Printed journalism; Woman; Blackness; Representativity.     RESUMEN La manera como los medios, en especial el periodismo brasileño, representan a la mujer negra, todavía refuerza el estereotipo racial y social pobre y sexista, además del espacio para la difusión de contenidos producidos y protagonizados por negras ser casi inexistente. A partir de esa afirmación, la problemática de la investigación buscó responder el siguiente cuestionamiento: ¿cuál es la representatividad de la mujer negra en el periodismo impreso, más específicamente en el periódico O Liberal? El objetivo general de este trabajo fue investigar la representatividad de la mujer negra en el periodismo impreso, más específicamente en el periódico O Liberal, y como objetivos específicos: investigar la representatividad de la mujer negra en el periódico en discusión; analizar la representatividad de la mujer negra en esos contenidos; comparar, el espacio de voz entre mujeres negras y blancas, y, identificar si el discurso del periódico fortalece el silenciamiento de las mujeres negras. Como instrumento de investigación, se utilizó la entrevista semidirigida con la periodista Sheila Faro, Presidenta del Sindicato de Periodistas de Pará - SINJORPA, que fue transformada en material audiovisual. La conclusión apunta que el modelo actual de comunicación del diario O Liberal fortalece el silenciamiento de las mujeres negras, negando a esas mujeres participación activa en discusiones esenciales para la estructuración de una sociedad más justa e igual. PALABRAS CLAVE: Periodismo Impreso; las mujeres; negritud; Representatividad.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Francisco Leite

Este trabalho apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa sobre os nexos de sentido que são produzidos quando da interação de mulheres brasileiras com narrativas publicitárias contraintuitivas que apresentam mulheres negras como protagonistas de seus discursos. É uma investigação qualitativa orientada pela interligação teórica das perspectivas do Interacionismo Simbólico e dos Estudos da Recepção (Midiatização, Mediações e Interação), com foco nas influências da mídia na (re)elaboração das identidades sociais, enquanto referencial teórico basilar e pela Grounded Theory Construtivista, como abordagem metodológica O resultado desta pesquisa possibilitou a articulação do modelo teórico representativo “Experiências de Interação de Mulheres Brasileiras com Anúncios Contraintuitivos” do qual neste artigo, devido aos seus limites de espaço, apresenta-se a categoria “Recomendações para usos da imagem dos negros na publicidade”.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Publicidade Contraintuitiva; Grounded Theory; Midiatização; Racismo; Mulheres Brasileiras.     ABSTRACT This research presents an explanation proposal about the meaning links that are produced when there is interaction between Brazilian women and counterintuitive advertising narratives, which show black women as protagonists of their discourses. It is a qualitative investigation oriented by the theoretical interconnection of perspectives of Symbolic Interactionism and Reception Studies (Mediatization, Mediations, and Interaction), focused on influences of the media in the (re)elaboration of social identities, as basilar theoretical frame, and through the Constructivist Grounded Theory, as a methodological approach. The results of this research enabled the articulation of the theoretical model “Interaction Experiences of Brazilian Women with Counterintuitive Advertising”, from the which this paper presents the category "Recommendations for uses of the image of black people in advertising".   KEYWORDS: Counterintuitive Advertising; Grounded Theory; Mediatization; Racism; Brazilian Women.     RESUMEN Esta investigación presenta una propuesta de explicación de los nexos de sentidoque se producen en el momento de la interacción de las mujeres brasileñas con narrativas de publicidad contraintuitiva, las cuales presentan mujeres negras como protagonistas. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa guiada por la interconexión teórica entre el interaccionismo simbólico y los estudios de la recepción (mediatización, mediaciones e interacción), centrándose en la influencia de los medios en el desarrollo de las identidades sociales, como marco teórico general y la Grounded Theory Constructivista como enfoque metodológico. El resultado de esta investigación permitió la construcción del modelo teórico “Experiencias de interacción de las mujeres brasileñas con publicidad contraintuitiva”, del cual este artículo presenta la categoría "Recomendaciones para el uso de la imagen de  negros en la  publicidad".   PALABRAS CLAVE: Publicidad Contraintuitiva; Grounded Theory; Mediatización; Rracismo, Mujeres brasileñas.


Author(s):  
Fundiswa Kobo

As reflected in the title, this article is premised by pervasive attitudes arising from a complex interplay of cultural practices, which have succeeded in dislocating black women from what is perceived to be black men’s sites, ebuhlanti (kraal), esuthwini (initiation school); locating them in culturally designated womanised sites eziko/egoqweni (kitchen and household), ekuzaleni nasekukhuliseni abantwana (child birth and rearing) in a patriarchal society. The crux of the article lies in its attempt to re-locate both men and women by its adoption of ‘a hard-line pro-black position’. Womanists acknowledge the interlocution of black men and thus suggest firstly, a shift in mind-set for both to view these sites as life giving and therefore to look for convergences. The article is thus a dialogue between a womanist and Black Theology of Liberation in the 21st century for the purpose of understanding liberation of black people for the liberation of humanity.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehama Lopez Bunyasi ◽  
Candis Watts Smith

AbstractCathy Cohen’s (1999) theory of secondary marginalization helps to explain why the needs of some members of Black communities are not prioritized on “the” Black political agenda; indeed, some groups are ignored altogether as mainstream Black public opinion shifts to the right (Tate 2010). However, the contemporary movement for Black Lives calls for an intersectional approach to Black politics. Its platform requires participants to take seriously the notion that since Black communities are diverse, so are the needs of its members. To what extent are Blacks likely to believe that those who face secondary marginalization should be prioritized on the Black political agenda? What is the role of linked fate in galvanizing support around these marginalized Blacks? To what extent does respectability politics serve to hinder a broader embrace of Blacks who face different sets of interlocking systems of oppression, such as Black women, formerly incarcerated Blacks, undocumented Black people, and Black members of LBGTQ communities in an era marked by Black social movements? We analyze data from the 2016 Collaborative Multi-Racial Post-Election Survey (CMPS) to assess whether all Black lives matter to Black Americans.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Jucá Monteiro ◽  
Antônia Margareth Moita Sá ◽  
Rubenilson Caldas Valois ◽  
Marcandra Nogueira de Almeida Santos ◽  
Camila Carvalho do Vale

Objetivo: analisar produções científicas nacionais e internacionais sobre os problemas de saúde mais comuns em mulheres negras. Método: trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa de literatura, com buscas de produções científicas nas bases de dados LILACS e MEDLINE. Selecionaram-se 16 artigos, os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEQ® e analisados descritivamente pelo modelo de Reinert. Resultados: organizaram-se seis classes: prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres negras; legislação e direitos de saúde da população negra; implantação, pelo poder público, de ações voltadas à promoção de saúde da população negra; o papel das estratégias de saúde da família na promoção da qualidade de vida em mulheres negras; conscientização das doenças mais comuns em mulheres negras e o papel do Estado no combate à violência étnico-racial. Conclusão: identificou-se que os problemas de saúde mais comuns em mulheres negras estão relacionados a causas evitáveis. Avalia-se que, no Brasil, as condições de vida e de saúde das mulheres negras ainda precisam ser estudadas, requerendo o incentivo de novas pesquisas. Descritores: Grupo com Ancestrais do Continente Africano; Mulheres; Vulnerabilidade em Saúde; Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária; Saúde Pública; Saúde da Mulher.abstractObjective: to analyze national and international scientific productions on the most common health problems in black women. Method: this is a descriptive bibliographic study, integrative literature review, with searches of scientific productions in the LILACS and MEDLINE databases. Sixteen articles were selected, the data were processed using the IRAMUTEQ® software and analyzed descriptively by the Reinert model. Results: six classes were organized: prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in black women; legislation and health rights of the black population; implementation by the government of actions aimed at promoting the health of the black population; the role of family health strategies in promoting quality of life in black women; awareness of the most common diseases among black women and the role of the state in combating ethnic and racial violence. Conclusion: it was found that the most common health problems in black women are related to preventable causes. It is estimated that, in Brazil, the living and health conditions of black women still need to be studied, requiring the encouragement of new research. Descriptors: African Continental Ancestry Group; Women, Health Vulnerability, Community Health Nursing, Public Health, Women's Health.ResumenObjetivo: analizar las producciones científicas nacionales e internacionales sobre los problemas de salud más comunes en mujeres negras. Método: estudio bibliográfico descriptivo, revisión bibliográfica integradora, con búsquedas de producciones científicas en las bases de datos LILACS y MEDLINE. Se seleccionaron 16 artículos, los datos se procesaron con el software IRAMUTEQ® y se analizaron descriptivamente mediante el modelo Reinert. Resultados: se organizaron seis clases: prevención de enfermedades de transmisión sexual en mujeres negras; legislación y derechos de salud de la población negra; implementación por parte del gobierno de acciones destinadas a promover la salud de la población negra; el papel de las estrategias de salud familiar en la promoción de la calidad de vida en las mujeres negras; concientización de las enfermedades más comunes entre las mujeres negras y el papel del Estado en la lucha contra la violencia étnica racial. Conclusión: se identificó que los problemas de salud más comunes en las mujeres negras están relacionados con causas prevenibles. Se estima que, en Brasil, las condiciones de vida y salud de las mujeres negras aún deben estudiarse, lo que requiere el estímulo de nuevas investigaciones. Descriptores: Grupo de Ascendencia Continental Africana; Mujeres; Vulnerabilidad en Salud; Enfermería em Salud Comunitaria; Salud Pública; Salud de la Mujer.


2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Kotalo Leau ◽  
Natalie Walker

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pacific people in New Zealand have one of the highest rates of smoking.  Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that has proven efficacy, effectiveness and safety compared to a placebo and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.  Cytisine, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and blocks the rewarding effects of nicotine. Cytisine is naturally found in some plants in the Pacific region, and so may appeal to Pacific smokers wanting to quit. This paper investigates the acceptability of cytisine as a smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand, using a qualitative study design. Methods: In December 2015, advertisements and snowball sampling was used to recruit four Pacific smokers and three Pacific smoking cessation specialists in Auckland, New Zealand. Semi-structured interviews where undertaken, whereby participants were asked about motivations to quit and their views on smoking cessation products, including cytisine (which is currently unavailable in New Zealand). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, with thematic analysis conducted manually. Findings: Pacific smokers reported wanting to quit for loved ones and family, but did not find currently available smoking cessation products effective. Almost all participants had not previously heard of cytisine, but many of the Pacific smokers were keen to try it. Participants identified with cytisine on a cultural basis (given its natural status), but noted that their use would be determined by the efficacy of the medicine, its cost, side-effects, and accessibility. They were particularly interested in cytisine being made available in liquid form, which could be added to a “smoothie” or drunk as a “traditional tea”.  Participants thought cytisine should be promoted in a culturally-appropriate way, with packaging and advertising designed to appeal to Pacific smokers. Conclusions: Cytisine is more acceptable to Pacific smokers than other smoking cessation products, because of their cultural practices of traditional medicine and the natural product status of cytisine.


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