scholarly journals BORDER CROSSINGS: USE OF LINGUISTIC STUDIES ACROSS SUBJECT DISCIPLINES

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Maya Khemlani David ◽  
Aliyyah Nuha Faiqah Azman Firdaus ◽  
Syed Abdul Manan
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Real World Problems

Cross-disciplinary research, involving scholars of multiple disciplines, has attracted much attention from universities recently. This type of study extends beyond simple collaboration in integrating data, methodologies, perspectives and concepts and engages with real world problems, especially as global complexities have undermined the�underlying ideology of countability and singularity of various disciplines founded on antiquated notions of territorialization.�Since most disciplines are transferred through language and linguistics sciences like socio-linguistics, applied-linguistics and psycho-linguistics,�an interrogation of received discourses on language study�has direct and indirect impact on almost all the other disciplines and can be used to enhance language related studies in different ways.�This paper shall define cross-disciplinary research and provide an overview of how applied linguistics and professional studies interrelate, focusing on the fact that research across disciplines must yield output that advances and benefits society, while allowing for complex and nuanced assessments allowed by the porous borders of different disciplines. This paper shares the kind of cross-disciplinary research which marries linguistics, languages and communication with other disciplines (for example, studies based on socio-linguistics and health, law, business or industry) to show how knowledge achieved from such research can result in trans-disciplinary recombination and expertise in other professional domains.

scholarly journals Citation Practices in the Literature Review: A Contrastive Study of Sudanese and British Applied Linguistics Ph.D. Theses

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauman Al Amin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Knowledge Transformation ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Integral Structures ◽  
Citation Practices ◽  
Almost All

Manifest intertextuality is a fundamental aspect of all academic discourse, and, hence, this study purports to explorethe myriad functions of citation in a representative and contrastive corpus drawn from 20 Literature Review chaptersin the domain of Applied Linguistics, and equally divided among Ph.D. theses successfully defended in Sudan andBritain. A variety of typologies were utilized to elicit citations, including Thompson’s (2005) classification ofintegral and non-integral citations, together with Hyland’s (2002) designation of denotative and evaluative functionsassociated with reporting verbs. Groom’s (2000) and Petric’s (2007) notions of averral and attribution, propositionalresponsibility and knowledge transformation also inform this investigation. Results indicate that the densedeployment of citations and the predilection both corpora have for integral structures, verbatim quotations andpresent active Discourse reporting verbs are largely dictated by the discursive and human-imbued nature of AppliedLinguistics. On the other hand, the findings reveal that Sudanese candidates formally and functionally employcitations in manners markedly different from their British peers. Thus, the Sudanese corpus is characterized byblatant errors, repetition and awkwardness in both documenting sources and reporting the findings of research.Moreover, naïve unwarranted quotations and authorial evaluations were ubiquitously observed, as compared to theBritish corpus. More significantly, there were ample variations in the way in which the two groups conceive of therole of the Literature Review. While the British adopted a range of Writer-oriented and metadiscoursal strategies toamalgamate and integrate the cited materials within their mainstream arguments, the Sudanese candidates werestrictly concerned with unmediated and uncontested attribution of ideas to their authors. Such is the synthetic natureof the resultant type of this Literature Review that the writer’s textual voice is submerged under the sheer burden ofsuccessive descriptive citations, thus eclipsing almost all of the objectives of this chapter in critiquing sources andsubordinating the cited literature to the overarching transformative perspective of the thesis writer. The Discussion isilluminated through extensive quotations from the two corpora.

Empirical Comparison of Various Discretization Procedures

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1017-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Berka ◽  
Ivan Bruha
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Numerical Attributes ◽  
Real World Problems ◽  
Discretization Procedure

The genuine symbolic machine learning (ML) algorithms are capable of processing symbolic, categorial data only. However, real-world problems, e.g. in medicine or finance, involve both symbolic and numerical attributes. Therefore, there is an important issue of ML to discretize (categorize) numerical attributes. There exist quite a few discretization procedures in the ML field. This paper describes two newer algorithms for categorization (discretization) of numerical attributes. The first one is implemented in the KEX (Knowledge EXplorer) as its preprocessing procedure. Its idea is to discretize the numerical attributes in such a way that the resulting categorization corresponds to KEX knowledge acquisition algorithm. Since the categorization for KEX is done "off-line" before using the KEX machine learning algorithm, it can be used as a preprocessing step for other machine learning algorithms, too. The other discretization procedure is implemented in CN4, a large extension of the well-known CN2 machine learning algorithm. The range of numerical attributes is divided into intervals that may form a complex generated by the algorithm as a part of the class description. Experimental results show a comparison of performance of KEX and CN4 on some well-known ML databases. To make the comparison more exhibitory, we also used the discretization procedure of the MLC++ library. Other ML algorithms such as ID3 and C4.5 were run under our experiments, too. Then, the results are compared and discussed.

scholarly journals Balancing Relevance and Diversity in Online Bipartite Matching via Submodularity

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1877-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Dickerson ◽  
Karthik Abinav Sankararaman ◽  
Aravind Srinivasan ◽  
Pan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Bipartite Matching ◽  
Matching Problems ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Coverage Function ◽  
Synthetic Datasets ◽  
Novel Algorithms ◽  
Real World Problems

In bipartite matching problems, vertices on one side of a bipartite graph are paired with those on the other. In its online variant, one side of the graph is available offline, while the vertices on the other side arrive online. When a vertex arrives, an irrevocable and immediate decision should be made by the algorithm; either match it to an available vertex or drop it. Examples of such problems include matching workers to firms, advertisers to keywords, organs to patients, and so on. Much of the literature focuses on maximizing the total relevance—modeled via total weight—of the matching. However, in many real-world problems, it is also important to consider contributions of diversity: hiring a diverse pool of candidates, displaying a relevant but diverse set of ads, and so on. In this paper, we propose the Online Submodular Bipartite Matching (OSBM) problem, where the goal is to maximize a submodular function f over the set of matched edges. This objective is general enough to capture the notion of both diversity (e.g., a weighted coverage function) and relevance (e.g., the traditional linear function)—as well as many other natural objective functions occurring in practice (e.g., limited total budget in advertising settings). We propose novel algorithms that have provable guarantees and are essentially optimal when restricted to various special cases. We also run experiments on real-world and synthetic datasets to validate our algorithms.

Artificial intelligence and operations research: challenges and opportunities in planning and scheduling

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLA P. GOMES
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Expressive Power ◽  
Combinatorial Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Functional Programming Languages ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Real World Problems

Both the Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Operations Research (OR) communities are interested in developing techniques for solving hard combinatorial problems, in particular in the domain of planning and scheduling. AI approaches encompass a rich collection of knowledge representation formalisms for dealing with a wide variety of real-world problems. Some examples are constraint programming representations, logical formalisms, declarative and functional programming languages such as Prolog and Lisp, Bayesian models, rule-based formalism, etc. The downside of such rich representations is that in general they lead to intractable problems, and we therefore often cannot use such formalisms for handling realistic size problems. OR, on the other hand, has focused on more tractable representations, such as linear programming formulations. OR-based techniques have demonstrated the ability to identify optimal and locally optimal solutions for well-defined problem spaces. In general, however, OR solutions are restricted to rigid models with limited expressive power. AI techniques, on the other hand, provide richer and more flexible representations of real-world problems, supporting efficient constraint-based reasoning mechanisms as well as mixed initiative frameworks, which allow the human expertise to be in the loop. The challenge lies in providing representations that are expressive enough to describe real-world problems and at the same time guaranteeing good and fast solutions.

On the evolving connections between psychology and linguistics

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Segalowitz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
New Development ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Linguistics

Over four decades ago the so-called Chomskyan revolution appeared to lay the foundation for a promising new partnership between linguistics and psychology. Many have now concluded, however, that the hopes originally expressed for this partnership were not realized. This chapter is about what went wrong and where we might go from here. The discussion first identifies three reasons why initial efforts at partnership may have been inherently flawed — divergent criteria for choosing among competing theories, different ideas about what was to be explained, and different approaches to questions about biology and environment. I then argue that recent developments — especially in associative learning theory, in cognitive neuroscience, and in linguistic theory — may provide a more solid basis for partnership. Next, the chapter describes two possible ways that bridges between the disciplines might develop. One draws on recent psychological research on attention focusing and on linguistic research concerning language constructions. The other draws on the concept of affordances and perspective taking. The chapter concludes that an enduring partnership between linguistics and psychology may indeed now be possible and that there may be a special role for applied linguistics in this new development.

Idea Generation Through Hackathon Event in Emergencies and Disasters, with Emphasis on Managing Flash Flood Disaster

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sanaz Monsef ◽  
Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard ◽  
Mostafa Amini-Rarani ◽  
Mohammad H. Yarmohammadian ◽  
Youseph Yazdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Disaster ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Real World Problems

Abstract Objective: This study was intended to demonstrate the applicability of the hackathon in idea generation for managing emergencies and disasters with a particular focus on flash floods. Methods: A 4-day hackathon event was held, having 60 students, 9 mentors and 6 judges gathered to explore different ideas, and to solve problems of Iran flooding from mid-March to April, 2019. Of these, 10 teams with 6 students were accordingly formed to brainstorm and discuss the idea, while 9 mentors offered advice and guided them to manage their ideas. Then, all teams focused on designing their business models. Finally, the hackathon teams finalized their lean canvas and presented their ideas to the judging panel and the other participants. Results: A total of 10 ideas were presented, and based on the knowledge and experience of the judges, 3 ideas that were more practical and useful were selected. Conclusions: As participants in a hackathon identify and present real-world problems, while ensuring that the prototype solutions address the end-user’s needs, it could be used to drive innovation, generate ideas, promote change in emergencies and disasters, and can increase our preparedness for future events. It helps us to develop tools and applications to better respond to these events.

Everyday logic about English in applied linguistic research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-200
Author(s):  
Patrick Studer
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Background Process ◽  
International Language ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
English Medium Instruction ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Real World Problems

This contribution analyses the argumentative premises underlying applied linguistic research conducted in the area of English-medium instruction. Applied linguistics not only studies language as it is used in the real world but is widely understood as an approach through which real-world problems in matters of language can be solved. It comes as no surprise, therefore, that applied linguistics is commonly used as a diagnostic perspective in English-medium instruction (EMI) research where it aims to provide insight into issues in need of fixing or improvement. Such studies are not conducted in an argumentative vacuum: they are embedded in a background process of policymaking, debate and discussion by stakeholders and policymakers who are involved in the introduction of English as an international language in higher education. This paper aims to highlight the argumentative backdrop against which applied linguistic research into EMI is construed and legitimised. Analysing conference abstracts in the field of EMI, the paper seeks to draw attention to everyday logic and beliefs applied linguists engage in when submitting paper proposals for conferences. It calls for a critical applied linguistic research agenda which foregrounds the potential ideological effects everyday conceptualisations of language have on EMI research and, ultimately, on EMI policymaking.

scholarly journals AN OBJECTIVE MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH TO OPTIMIZATION USING MOORA METHOD AND INTERVAL GREY NUMBERS

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragisa Stanujkic ◽  
Nedeljko Magdalinovic ◽  
Rodoljub Jovanovic ◽  
Sanja Stojanovic
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real World ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Moora Method ◽  
Real World Problems

Many real-world problems are complex and/or related to the manifestation of some form of uncertainty and/or prediction. Therefore the use of extended MCDM methods is more appropriate than the use of the other classic decision making methods. These methods are improved by the use of a form of fuzzy or interval grey numbers. In the field of operational research, during the previous period, numerous MCDM methods were formed, but one newly proposed, the MOORA method, is very specific and yet has no extension. Therefore, in this paper we combine concept of interval grey numbers and MOORA method in order to propose extended MOORA method which will be more appropriate to solve many complex real-world problems.

scholarly journals Nature-Inspired Algorithms in Real-World Optimization Problems

MENDEL ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Bujok ◽  
Josef Tvrdik ◽  
Radka Polakova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Real World ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Random Search ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Problems ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
Nature Inspired Algorithms ◽  
New Algorithms ◽  
Real World Problems

Eight popular nature inspired algorithms are compared with the blind random search and three advanced adaptive variants of differential evolution (DE) on real-world problems benchmark collected for CEC 2011 algorithms competition. The results show the good performance of the adaptive DE variants and their superiority over the other algorithms in the test problems. Some of the nature-inspired algorithms perform even worse that the blind random search in some problems. This is a strong argument for recommendation for application, where well-verified algorithm successful in competitions should be preferred instead of developing some new algorithms.

Teaching OOP and COP Technologies via Gaming

2009 ◽  
pp. 508-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Game Development ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Feature Visualization ◽  
Core Features ◽  
Real World Problems

This chapter introduces an innovative pedagogical method for teaching object-oriented programming (OOP) and component-oriented programming (COP) via gaming. Going through the evolution of the three-layer gaming framework, we clearly illustrate that gaming covers almost all core features of OOP and COP technologies. Teaching OOP and COP technologies via game development not only engages students’ efforts, but also opens an opportunity for involving students with industry-level projects and enhancing students’ ability to brainstorm and solve real-world problems. Furthermore, gaming may play an important role in developing other applications, especially those that feature visualization and animation.

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