scholarly journals Public practices of the Christian saints in the Eastern Mediterranean during the IV – V centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Andrei Aleksandrovich Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Public Events ◽  
New Type ◽  
Church Policy ◽  
Christian Saints ◽  
Christian Population

  This article examines public practices of the Christian saints in the Eastern Mediterranean during the IV – V centuries, and leans on studying the hagiographic works. The traditional Roman public events in the period of Late Antiquity with the advent of Christianity gradually ceased their popularity, particularly die to the state and church policy. Along with church liturgies, festivities, and sermons, Christianity offered a new type of public events – ascetic pageantry. Publicity as an important aspect of ascetic practices practically is outside the scope of attention of the modern historians. The author reviews public practices as an informal act of impacting viewers with a profound cultural meanings. The conclusion is made that holy ascetics represented a new Christian pageantry that contributed to dynamic Christianization of the empire and fulfillment of important social functions. Public actions of the ascetic resembled the true faith, such as of the martyrs. The first crucial function carried out by the ascetic in performing public asceticism is the concentration of sizeable Christian population that had a need for such event. The second one consisted in teaching to discern who is a real Christian and how to become one.  

scholarly journals Running in forest areas – an analysis of activities undertaken by State Forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Mariusz Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Forest Education ◽  
Increased Pressure

Abstract A growing need to lead a healthy lifestyle and to spend more time in nature causes an increased pressure on forests, which renders their social functions more and more important. In order to meet people’s expectations, the State Forests undertake several actions to make forests more available to the public including the organization of running events in forests and the development of a network of recreational and running paths. In order to describe these actions, an online survey was conducted among the workers of forest districts. Additional data such as information published on the State Forests’ website, Facebook and runners’ blogs, was included in the analysis as well. 283 forest districts participated in the electronic survey. The results indicate that the State Forests actively participated in promoting running events in forests totaling 488 running events in 2014 and 779 between January and October 2017, which constitutes an increase by approximately 60%. The average number of running events in the forest districts during the analysed period was 9.5. Most of them took place in forest districts within city agglomerations and in the mountains. The State Forests supported over 20% of running events organised in the areas they administer. They had also started numerous initiatives (such as ‘Wolność w naturze’, ‘Zielony punkt kontrolny’ and ‘BiegamBoLubię Lasy’) that were evaluated positively by their participants (according to Facebook). In conclusion, it is clear that the State Forests do promote recreation in forests and forest education by supporting public events.

A Process of Glocalisation? Roman Marble Imports and the Rise of Blocked-Out Capitals in Local Stone

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Matthias Grawehr
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
High Quality ◽  
White Marble ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Short Period ◽  
New Type ◽  
Local Materials

In the Augustan Age, a new aesthetic preference was propagated in the Roman Empire – the surface of white marble was valued as it symbolised the strength and superiority of the ‘new age’. Soon, an immense trade in high quality marble over land and sea developed to meet the emergent demand. While the development and scale of this trade is well studied, the repercussions that the new aesthetic preference had on the local architectural traditions in areas where no marble was close at hand is not commonly considered. In this contribution, two developments are traced, taking the Corinthian capital as the leitmotif. First, in the short period between c. 40 and 10 BC, patrons would choose imitation of marble in plaster to meet up with the demands of the new standard and to demonstrate their adherence to the Empire. In the second line of development, a different path was taken – a conscious use of local materials which went hand in hand with the development of a new type of capital, the so-called ‘Nabataean blocked-out’ capital. This combination turned into a new vernacular tradition across large parts of the eastern Mediterranean. Both developments were local responses to a new ‘global’ trend and can therefore be viewed as a phenomenon of glocalisation in the Roman Period.

Byzantine Historical Writing, 500–920

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Kaldellis
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
The State ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Eastern Empire ◽  
Usable Past

This chapter describes how the timeline of Byzantine historical writing can be divided into three 140-year periods: first, from AD 500–640, the end of late antiquity, when historiography flourished in many genres; second, from 640–780, when Byzantium struggled to resist Arab conquest and few surviving texts were produced; and finally, from 780–920, an age of recovery for the state and literature, when older traditions were resynthesized and the foundations for new developments were laid. Primarily, the society of the Eastern Empire was mostly Greek speaking, Christian, and specifically Roman in its political or national consciousness. The ‘usable past’ available to historians was therefore complex, consisting of incommensurate components that defined different sites of the culture.

Islamists between revolution and the state: an epilogue

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghani Imad
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Arab World ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
New Type ◽  
Political Realities

The problematic addressed in this article is the challenge initiated by the Arab revolutions to reform the Arab political system in such a way as to facilitate the incorporation of ‘democracy’ at the core of its structure. Given the profound repercussions, this issue has become the most serious matter facing the forces of change in the Arab world today; meanwhile, it forms the most prominent challenge and the most difficult test confronting Islamists. The Islamist phenomenon is not an alien implant that descended upon us from another planet beyond the social context or manifestations of history. Thus it cannot but be an expression of political, cultural, and social needs and crises. Over the years this phenomenon has presented, through its discourse, an ideological logic that falls within the context of ‘advocacy’; however, today Islamists find themselves in office, and in a new context that requires them to produce a new type of discourse that pertains to the context of a ‘state’. Political participation ‘tames’ ideology and pushes political actors to rationalize their discourse in the face of daily political realities and the necessity of achievement. The logic of advocacy differs from that of the state: in the case of advocacy, ideology represents an enriching asset, whereas in the case of the state, it constitutes a heavy burden. This is one reason why so much discourse exists within religious jurisprudence related to interest or necessity or balancing outcomes. This article forms an epilogue to the series of articles on religion and the state published in previous issues of this journal. It adopts the methodologies of ‘discourse analysis’ and ‘case studies’ in an attempt to examine the arguments presented by Islamists under pressure from the opposition. It analyses the experiences, and the constraints, that inhibit the production of a ‘model’, and monitors the development of the discourse, its structure, and transformations between advocacy, revolution and the state.

THE ROLE OF LIBERAL IDEOLOGY IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Irina N. Mysliaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Ideology

The article examines the causes and directions of transformation of the social functions of the state. The role of liberal ideology in changing the forms and methods of state social policy in the context of globalization is determined. The interrelation between specific measures of social support of the population and the interests of large transnational capital in modern society is revealed.

scholarly journals Coal and Gas Outburst Prevention in Longwalls by Means of Powered Support Unit of New Type

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tarasov ◽  
Anatoly Fomin
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Coal And Gas Outburst ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
System Support ◽  
Support Unit ◽  
Gas Outburst ◽  
Powered Support ◽  
New Type ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
Roof Support

The paper considers a new type of powered roof support unit in the framework of interaction with geomechanical processes within the ground rock, particularly, in the thermodynamic balance capsule. Its novelty in comparison with similar Russian and foreign technologies consists is in the fact that geomechanical system “support–ground rock” is brought into the state of balance, which increases the safety of mining works at a coal extraction face.

scholarly journals Political pluralism as a factor in the development of modern society and state

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey D. Andreev ◽  
Emma V. Bitsieva ◽  
Olga V. Lepeshkina ◽  
Dmitry M. Polonsky ◽  
Marina S. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Party System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Pluralism ◽  
Public Events ◽  
The Right

This paper presents the results of a study devoted to the legal phenomenon of political pluralism as a factor in the development of modern society and the state by the example of classical democratic countries. At the same time, attention is focused on such components of political pluralism as formalization of freedom of speech and assembly; a multi-party system, as well as a mechanism for coordinating the interests of various social groups at the parliamentary level. It was found that the most acceptable is the model operating in the FRG, since it allows people to find a balance between guarantees of political diversity, such as freedom of speech and the right to public events. The interaction between civil society institutions and parliamentarians is especially advisable when making decisions in the domestic and foreign policy of the state.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF THE STATE: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (04(01)) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Iryna Kolosovska Iryna Kolosovska ◽  
Radosław Zagórski Radosław Zagórski
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

This article conceptualizes modern approaches to the transformation of the social function of the state in the context of the influence of globalization processes, the ambiguity of the formation of the socio-cultural context, the actualization of the latest risks and threats associated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We accentuate the inconsistencies and contradictions between the declared social priorities and the inefficiency of the management mechanisms of their practical implementation. The article substantiates the priority directions of the regulatory role of the state in the context of social risk management, formation of social security, adherence to the principle of social justice, and harmonization of interests of representatives of various social groups. Key words: public administration, state, social functions, governance mechanisms, globalization, social risks, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice.

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