scholarly journals Reintroducing the GeoNames that features the land and water near the Montufar and Bingay Points in Prieto Diaz, Sorsogon, Philippines

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 741-762
Author(s):  
Ana Marie Abante ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Map ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Vegetation And Climate ◽  
Water Uses

Purpose–The paper aims to generate analytical data to reintroduce the geographic naming based on the existing coastwise feature names as part of contextualizing the ecosystem relative to risk reality phenomena that are based on the actual land and water uses inthe study area.Method–ArcGIS platform was used to assess the following: (i) coastwise feature names based on the Special Report of the United States Board of Geographic Names Relating to the Geographic Names in the Philippine Island, (ii) Topographical features and feature names, (iii) politico-administrativeand planning subdivisions, (iv) income classification of the study area, (v) natural and physical map features of the study area, (vi) disaster risk reality phenomenon, (vii) The Agta IPs environmental and Disaster RiskReduction Practices relative to the ecosystem and actual uses of land and water in the study areaResults–Coastwise feature naming describes the physical environment that features the mountain, river, historical, cultural, or events being named, etc. The Coastwise feature names are essential in improving and promoting eco-tourism activities on the coast of Prieto Diaz as the home of the indigenous people who traditionally settle and move to another settlement merely remaining speaking their mother tongue"Agta Tabangnon and Bicol Sorsogon''. Although the income classification of Prieto Diaz is low, during the COVID-19 lockdown the locally produced food supply was sufficient to feed Prieto Diaznon. This implies that the coping capacity during pandemic somehow hinted that the land and water utilization remain stable municipal wide. It generally implies the friendliness of Prieto Diaznon which resembles the indigenous people's friendliness to the environment before the Spaniards colonization. The natural resources are generally conserved and protected although some built-up areas were impacted by the calamities and natural hazards. But in terms of disaster risk reality was calculated to be 92% which means the study area is somewhat resilient to resilient municipalities. The remaining 8% are areas mostly located in low-lying and coastal areas.Conclusion–The coastwise feature names relating to the geographic names in the Philippine Islands remain in use for coastal directions, research to monitor sedimentation significant in assessing the general development of a regional understanding of the vegetation and climate dynamics, and weather forecasts. This study concludes that the coastwise feature names or geographic names are significant to characterize the riskor resiliency realities of the old barrios up to the present barangays. Furthermore, the coastwise feature names relating to the geographic names in the Philippine Islands remain useful to attract more tourists and researchers to visit a place virtually or on-site during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Recommendations–Reintroduction of the geographic names by way of contextualization risk or resilience reality theory of Abante (2021a;2020a) and incorporating the of the Popper (1978)theory on "worldof contents of thought",Meiring (1993) theory on 'place names', and Quine (1953) cited the Strawson's logical theory of reference on backing the naming with descriptions can also reintroduce a place starting from the 'VisitangDaan' myth up to the present barangays via internet especially during the new normal after COVID-19 pandemic to strengthen linkages and trading.

scholarly journals Updating OMERACT Core Set of Domains for ANCA-associated Vasculitis: Patient Perspective Using the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Milman ◽  
Eilish McConville ◽  
Joanna C. Robson ◽  
Annelies Boonen ◽  
Peter Tugwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Core Set

Objective.Aspects of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies–associated vasculitis (AAV) prioritized by patients with AAV were described using the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF).Methods.Items identified during 14 individual interviews were incorporated into an ICF-based questionnaire administered to participants of 2 vasculitis patient symposia: 36 in the United Kingdom and 63 in the United States.Results.Categories identified as at least “moderately relevant” by ≥ 5% of subjects included 44 body functions, 14 body structures, 35 activities and participation, 31 environmental factors, and 38 personal factors.Conclusion.Identified categories differ from those identified by the current Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) core set and those prioritized by vasculitis experts.

scholarly journals New Visualization Models of Designation Pathway and Group Categorization of Device–Drug and Device–Biologic Combination Products Classification in the United States: Analysis of FDA Capsular Decisions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Uemura ◽  
Hiroshi Kasanuki ◽  
Mitsuo Umezu
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Regulatory Scheme ◽  
Early Access ◽  
Dimensional Group ◽  
Device Component ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
Component Function

Abstract Objective The developer and sponsor of new combination products in US needs to forecast which classification and designation to the regulatory scheme of drug, biological product, or device would be required for the new products by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To improve the predictability and acceptability of the designation of new combination products for innovators, developers, and sponsors, and to encourage the development and early access of new combination products, we proposed new visualization models of the designation pathway and group categorization. Method We searched the website of the FDA on 15 November, 2020 to identify the regulatory scheme of the FDA’s 129 capsular decision cases of device–drug and device–biologics combination products and other publicly available cases the FDA designated to the drug/biologic or device regulatory scheme. Results By introducing a new definition for primary intended use (PIU) by developers and sponsors extracted from the classification factors of primary mode of action (PMOA), we developed new visualization models of the designation pathway and two-dimensional group categorization. And applying these models to the cases the FDA designated, we proposed a new group categorization of combination products while focusing on the device component function. Conclusions The new visualization models with PIU and PMOA and the new group categorization focusing on the device component function proposed in this study may increase predictability and acceptability of the classification of newly developed combination products into the regulatory scheme of drug, biological product, and device, for innovators, developers, and sponsors.

scholarly journals Survey of Saliva Components and Virus Sensors for Prevention of COVID-19 and Infectious Diseases

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Priya Dave ◽  
Roberto Rojas-Cessa ◽  
Ziqian Dong ◽  
Vatcharapan Umpaichitra
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Close Distance

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers saliva contact the lead transmission mean of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Saliva droplets or aerosols expelled by sneezing, coughing, breathing, and talking may carry this virus. People in close distance may be exposed directly to these droplets or indirectly when touching the droplets that fall on surrounding surfaces and ending up contracting COVID-19 after touching the mucosa tissue of their faces. It is of great interest to quickly and effectively detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in an environment, but the existing methods only work in laboratory settings, to the best of our knowledge. However, it may be possible to detect the presence of saliva in the environment and proceed with prevention measures. However, detecting saliva itself has not been documented in the literature. On the other hand, many sensors that detect different organic components in saliva to monitor a person’s health and diagnose different diseases, ranging from diabetes to dental health, have been proposed and they may be used to detect the presence of saliva. This paper surveys sensors that detect organic and inorganic components of human saliva. Humidity sensors are also considered in the detection of saliva because a large portion of saliva is water. Moreover, sensors that detect infectious viruses are also included as they may also be embedded into saliva sensors for a confirmation of the presence of the virus. A classification of sensors by their working principles and the substances they detect is presented, including the sensors’ specifications, sample size, and sensitivity. Indications of which sensors are portable and suitable for field application are presented. This paper also discusses future research and challenges that must be resolved to realize practical saliva sensors. Such sensors may help minimize the spread of not only COVID-19 but also other infectious diseases.

Classification of Technological Development Trends Based on the Analysis of US Patent Time Series. An Empirical Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 251-278
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Karnyshev ◽  
◽  
Vladimir I. Avdzeyko ◽  
Evgenia S. Paskal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Technical Problems

The forecasting of development trends and the timely revealing of new technical (technological) fields are the key prerequisite for an effective development of modern economy. Only reliable results of technological analysis (forecast) allow identifying new technologies, understanding the evolution of entire industries, carrying out strategic investment planning at the state level, and also planning R&D correctly. The aim of this work is to justify one of the possible approaches to the classification of technical (technological) fields in terms of assessing their relevance, novelty and short-term prospects. This approach is based on patent analysis, in particular, on the study of the time series features of US invention patents (1976-2018) for more than seventy-three thousand main groups (subgroups) of the 17th edition of the International Patent Classification (IPC17). The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has been selected as the primary source of information because it is one of the world’s largest and constantly updated patent resources, providing direct access to full-text descriptions. In the authors’ opinion, a feature analysis of the US patent issue dynamics at time intervals (1976-2015, 2009-2018 and 2016-2018) allows dividing the IPC groups (subgroups) into the following three main clusters: “unpromising”, “promising” and “breakthrough”. In terms of the timely revealing of new, previously unknown, technologies or solutions in the technical field, or of the steadily growing technological trends, the “breakthrough” and “promising” subgroups are of the greatest practical interest. The article presents the results of an empirical classification of 71,266 subgroups (with a non-zero number of the issued patents since 1976 to 2018) in eight sections of the IPC17. These data may be useful for developers, researchers and R&D planners in solving complex scientific and technical problems, as well as for making short-term forecast estimates of a specific technical (technological) field development.

Abstract 88: Increasing False Positive Diagnoses May Lead to Overestimation of Stroke Incidence, Particularly in the Young

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav J Appukutty ◽  
Lesli E Skolarus ◽  
Mellanie V Springer ◽  
William J Meurer ◽  
James F Burke
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vascular Risk Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Stroke incidence is reportedly increasing in younger adults. While increasing vascular risk factor prevalence has been suggested as a cause, the reasons for rising stroke incidence in the young are not clear. We explored several alternate explanations: trends in neurologically-focused emergency department (ED) visits, differential diagnostic classification of stroke and TIA over time, and changes in the use of advanced imaging in young and older adults. Methods: We performed a retrospective, serial, cross-sectional study on a nationally representative sample of all ED visits in the United States to quantify changes in patterns of neurologically-focused ED visits, stroke and TIA diagnoses, and rates of MRI utilization for young (18 – 44 years) and older (65+ years) adults over a 17-year period (1995 – 2000; 2005 – 2015) using National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) data. Results: In young adults, 0.4% (95% CI 0.3% – 0.5%) of neurologically-focused ED visits resulted in a primary diagnosis of stroke vs. 6.8% (95% CI 6.2% – 7.5%) for older adults. In both populations, the incidence of neurologically-focused ED visits has increased over time (+111/100,000 population/year, 95% CI +94 – +130 in the young vs. +70/100,000 population/year, 95% CI +34 – +108 in older adults). There was no evidence of differential classification of TIA to stroke over time (OR 1.001 per year, 95% CI 0.926 – 1.083 in the young; OR 1.003 per year, 95% CI 0.982 – 1.026 in older adults) and no evidence of disproportionate rise in MRI utilization for neurologically-focused ED visits in the young (OR 1.057 per year, 95% CI 1.028 – 1.086 in the young; OR 1.095 per year, 95% CI 1.066 – 1.125 in older adults). Conclusions: If the specificity of stroke diagnosis amongst ED visits is similar amongst young and older populations, then the combination of data observed here, including (1) a lower prior probability of stroke diagnoses in the young and (2) an increasing trend in neurologically-focused ED visits in both age groups, suggests that false positive diagnoses will increase over time, with a faster rise in the young compared to older adults. These data suggest a potential explanation that may contribute to higher stroke incidence in the young and merits further scrutiny.

A chemical–mineralogical classification of common plutonic rocks and associations

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Debon ◽  
P. Le Fort
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Data ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Simple Chemical ◽  
Plutonic Rocks ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Criteria ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTA classification is proposed, based mainly on major element analytical data plotted in a coherent set of three simple chemical-mineralogical diagrams. The procedure follows two complementary steps at two different levels. The first is concerned with the individual sample: the sample is given a name (e.g. granite, adamellite, granodiorite) and its chemical and mineralogical characteristics are determined. The second one is more important: it aims at defining the type of magmatic association (or series) to which the studied sample or group of samples belongs. Three main types of association are distinguished: cafemic (from source-material mainly or completely mantle-derived), aluminous (mainly or completely derived by anatexis of continental crust), and alumino-cafemic (intermediate between the other two types). Subtypes are then distinguished among the cafemic and alumino-cafemic associations: calc-alkaline (or granodioritic), subalkaline (or monzonitic), alkaline (and peralkaline), tholeiitic (or gabbroic-trondhjemitic), etc. In the same way, numerous subtypes and variants are also distinguished among the aluminous associations using a set of complementary criteria such as quartz content, colour index, alkali ratio, quartz–alkalies relationships and alumina index.Although involving a new approach using partly new criteria, this classification is consistent with most of the divisions used in previous typologies. The method may also be used in the classification of the volcanic equivalents of common plutonic rocks.

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