scholarly journals Fenomena Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) di Pantai Ringgung Teluk Lampung, Pengaruhnya dengan Tingkat Kematian Ikan yang Dibudidayakan pada Karamba Jaring Apung

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Irawan ◽  
Qadar Hasani ◽  
Herman Yuliyanto
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Algal Abundance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Index Value

Fish mortality in the Bay of Lampung not only wild fish, but also fish farmed in cages, especially Ringgung Beach. One which caused by harmful algal abundance that occur was increased input contaminants by both natural and anthropogenic sources. This study aims to analyze the influence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) the amount and frequency of fish mortality in cage Ringgung Lampung Bay. The study was conducted at three research stations based KJA density. The results of the study found 33 species of phytoplankton, 14 species have potential as HABs can cause the death of fish. The highest abundance was kind Cochlodinium that reach 63.738 cells/liter. Phytoplankton diversity index value with the lowest value occurred at station 3 on June 19, 2013 ie the date of 0705. The highest phytoplankton diversity values occurred at Station 2 on June 12, 2013 is 2,451. Uniformity values of phytoplankton in the waters of Beach Ringgung obtained in the high category with a value above 0.5 or close to 1, which indicates that the spread of the individual any kind of relatively evenly. Except at station 3 which has a relatively low value (0.228 on June 19, 2013, 0291 on June 26, 2013, and 0446 on July 3, 2013). Effect of HABs on the fishing mortality rate is indicated by regression analysis. Correlation coefficient at station 1 shows the value of 0.5208. While on station 2 shows 0.6937. Harmful algal blooms shown to affect mortality rates of fish in floating net Ringgung Beach. They have triggered reduced oxygen levels in the water that could potentially cause the death of wild fish and farmed in floating net Keywords: Dead fish, harmful phytoplankton, floating net

scholarly journals Microalgae Diversities in Different Depths of Sendang Biru Beach, Malang East Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Yustika Aulia Rahma ◽  
Getrudis Wihelmina ◽  
Sugireng Sugireng ◽  
Tri Ardiyati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Edge Zone ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Abundant Phytoplankton ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Sendang Biru beach is a one of the coastal area located in Sumbermanjing Wetan, Malang, East Java-Indonesia. As a sea tourism, there are another residents activities such as fishing, fish landing and auction in Malang. That activities can caused pollution on the Sendang Biru aquatic environment. The research aim were to describe the water quality of Sendang Biru aquatic environment based on phytoplankton diversity. This research used several data collection techniques, that were microalgae sampling technique and measurement of physical and chemical water quality. Phytoplankton found in Sendang Biru Beach consists of 47 genus that are genus from seven divisions, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Dinophyta, Chrysophyta and Charophyta. The most abundant phytoplankton while having the Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) at the edge zone is the genus Oscillatoria sp. (the abundance is 4368000 Ind/L and INP 26,288). In the central and inner zones are both dominated by Coscinodiscus sp. (The abundance of center zone 4992000 Ind/L and INP 30,499; the abundance of inside zone is 9464000 Ind/L and INP 40,773). The level of diversity of phytoplankton in the three area of Sendang Biru beach are 2,297 in the edge zone; 2,37 in the central zone, and 1,8 in the inner zone. The pollution status of Sendang Biru beach can be classified as polluted moderately based on diversity index value on three different zone in the Sendang Biru Beach.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton Diversity as Bioindicator of Pandanduri Dam Waters, East Lombok Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Lalu Hasan Nasirudin Zohri ◽  
Agil Al Idrus ◽  
Lalu Japa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Quality Change ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Index Value

Pandanduri Dam waters has an essential function for the community made the activities of the surrounding community inseparable from the Pandanduri Dam that made potentially quality change of the Pandanduri Dam waters. Good water quality is an important requirement for humans that made water quality research is essential to be done. Human activities will affect environmental factors such as biological parameters, especially phytoplankton, which are indicators of water quality. The aim of this study was to analyzed water quality of Pandanduri Dam through study of phytoplankton community and diversity. Sample sites were determined based on haphazard sampling method and phytoplankton data were analyzed based on the shannon-weiner diversity index. The results showed that the phytoplankton community identified in Pandanduri Dam consisted of 5 classes, 13 orders, and 31 species with  species diversity index of 2,659. Based on fitoplankton diversity index value the water of  Pandanduri Dam was in lightly polluted category. It is suggested to more detailed studies should be undertaken especially on species that produce toxins over a longer time scale.

scholarly journals Gill Transcriptomic Responses to Toxin-producing Alga Prymnesium parvum in Rainbow Trout

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morag Clinton ◽  
Elżbieta Król ◽  
Dagoberto Sepúlveda ◽  
Nikolaj R. Andersen ◽  
Andrew S. Brierley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Prymnesium Parvum ◽  
Canonical Pathways ◽  
Transcriptomic Responses

The gill of teleost fish is a multifunctional organ involved in many physiological processes, including protection of the mucosal gill surface against pathogens and other environmental antigens by the gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT). Climate change associated phenomena, such as increasing frequency and magnitude of harmful algal blooms (HABs) put extra strain on gill function, contributing to enhanced fish mortality and fish kills. However, the molecular basis of the HAB-induced gill injury remains largely unknown due to the lack of high-throughput transcriptomic studies performed on teleost fish in laboratory conditions. We used juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to investigate the transcriptomic responses of the gill tissue to two (high and low) sublethal densities of the toxin-producing alga Prymnesium parvum, in relation to non-exposed control fish. The exposure time to P. parvum (4–5 h) was sufficient to identify three different phenotypic responses among the exposed fish, enabling us to focus on the common gill transcriptomic responses to P. parvum that were independent of dose and phenotype. The inspection of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs), canonical pathways, upstream regulators and downstream effects pointed towards P. parvum-induced inflammatory response and gill inflammation driven by alterations of Acute Phase Response Signalling, IL-6 Signalling, IL-10 Signalling, Role of PKR in Interferon Induction and Antiviral Response, IL-8 Signalling and IL-17 Signalling pathways. While we could not determine if the inferred gill inflammation was progressing or resolving, our study clearly suggests that P. parvum blooms may contribute to the serious gill disorders in fish. By providing insights into the gill transcriptomic responses to toxin-producing P. parvum in teleost fish, our research opens new avenues for investigating how to monitor and mitigate toxicity of HABs before they become lethal.

scholarly journals The Effect of Commercial Probiotics on the Phytoplankton Diversity Associated with Biofloc

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Fitri Anisha Kurniawati ◽  
Endang Dewi Masithah ◽  
Boedi Setya Rahardja
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Water ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Commercial Probiotics

The intensive aquaculture industry faces two main problems, first, the decrease in the water quality caused by high concentrations of metabolites, and second, the use of low natural food in aquaculture activities with high water exchange intensity. For this reason, efforts are needed to develop biofloc to maximize the contribution of natural food which can increase aquaculture production. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of commercial probiotics on the differences in the phytoplankton diversity associated with biofloc. The fish were divided into three treatment groups. Treatment A involved biofloc formation without using probiotics, treatment B contained biofloc formation using commercial probiotics (Bacillus spp., lactic acid, Lactobacillus spp., Saccharomyces spp. 50/50 feed), and treatment C entailed biofloc formation using commercial probiotics (containing a native microbial consortium, 50/50 feed). The treatment groups were repeated six times so that there were 18 experimental units. The research was conducted from March to April 2015. The results indicated that the administration of probiotics with different types led to insignificant differences among the treatment groups. The highest diversity index value occurred in treatment C on day 34 of the experiment that was equal to 0.49. On the other hand, the highest value of the dominance index (C = 0.99) occurred in treatments A and B on day 21. It can be concluded that the addition of probiotics with different biofloc could result in insignificant phytoplankton diversity. Furthermore, the Nitrogen/Phosphorus (N/P) ratio as a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth indicated different results in each treatment.

scholarly journals Hydrographical Observations during a Red Tide with Fish Mortalities at Masirah Island, Oman

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saud S. Al Busaidi ◽  
Khalfan M. Al Rashdi ◽  
Hamed M. Al Gheilani ◽  
Shehla Amer
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Noctiluca Scintillans ◽  
Trichodesmium Erythraeum ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellates ◽  
Toxic Blooms ◽  
Human Poisoning

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) can have a significant impact on the distribution and  survival of coastal fishes and invertebrates, and consequently they can affect local economies where fishing is an important activity. In October 2005, extensive algal blooms with brownish/orange discoloured water and fish mortalities were observed east of Masirah Island. Satellite images revealed cooler upwelled surface water along a broad front just prior to the event, followed by a gradual warming period coinciding with the mortalities. Depth profiles of dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity and pH taken on 19th October (during the fish mortality event) showed a pronounced thermocline at ~15 m depth and minimum DO of 0.82 ml/L at 25 m depth, and a slight improvement in DO to 1.3 ml/L was measured on 22nd October (after the event). Demersal fishes of several families were prominent among mortalities. No bacterial infestation was found in fish samples and no human poisoning was reported. Planktological data showed that marine dinoflagellates Noctiluca scintillans and  Prorocentrum micans and toxic blooms of cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum were present.

scholarly journals Kualitas Air dan Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Perairan Pantai Lovina Kabupaten Buleleng Provinsi Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Irene Yolanda Br Ginting ◽  
I Wayan Restu ◽  
Dewa Ayu Angga Pebriani
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Index Value

Lovina Beach is one of the beaches visited by many foreign and domestic tourists. Lovina Beach has a tourism spot and a vast area of marine biota cultivation. Life of biota in the waters of Lovina Beach is affected by conditions of beach waters. The research purpose was to know the correlation between waters quality and plankton in Lovina Beach by using observation method. The research was done on February until March 2017. Species of fitoplankton species from all three stations was dominated by Lyngbya sp. with abundance of 78 ind/l. The average value of the phytoplankton diversity index found was 1.7706. The average value of phytoplankton uniformity index is 0.9882 while the value of phytoplankton dominance index is 0.1737. The average value of the zooplankton diversity index found is 1.7311. The average value of the zooplankton uniformity index is 0.8896 while the zooplankton dominance index value is 0.2125. The result of the measurement of water quality is temperature parameter in Lovina Beach ranged from 27.6 - 28.9 0C, brightness ranged between 4.7 - 6 m, salinity of 25.3 - 27 ppt, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) ranged between 4 - 4 , 7 Mg / L, the pH ranged from 8.5 to 8.6, the nitrate ranged from 0.0081-00087 Mg/L and the phosphate ranged from 0.016 to 0.027 Mg / L. So, it can be concluded that the waters of Lovina Beach has the highest abundance of plankton that is the type of zooplankton, the level of plankton community structure in Lovina Beach waters is moderate.ppt, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) 4 – 4,3 Mg/l, pH 8,5 – 8,6, nitrate 0,0081 – 0,0087 Mg/l and phosphate 0,016 – 0,027 Mg/L. The structure of plankton community in Lovina coastal according of phytoplankton abundance categorized in oligotropic, while according of zooplankton abundance categorized in moderate (mesotropic).

scholarly journals An overview of harmful algal blooms and eutrophication in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
T Sidabutar ◽  
E S Srimariana ◽  
H Cappenberg ◽  
S Wouthuyzen
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
Cultural Eutrophication ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The City

Abstract Algal blooms have been occurring in Jakarta Bay for twenty years. However, recently the occurrence of algal blooms, their harmful effects, and their duration have been intensified. Algal blooms have devastated the marine environment, caused fish mortality, and been detrimental to local tourism, local fishing, and other industries along the coast. It comes to speculation that the increase of anthropogenic activity from surrounding areas is taking a toll on the environment. So, this research aimed to study the recent rise of algal blooms in Jakarta Bay and the possible anthropogenic links, mainly through cultural eutrophication, to the increasing occurrence of red tides and their impact. Observation has been conducted to study the dynamic of algal blooms concerning eutrophication and the existing seasons. Collecting samples were performed using a canonical plankton net from 2008 until 2015. The results showed that the abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 40.90 x 106 up to 1699.10 x 106 cells.m−3. The highest quantity of cells was observed in May 2010 between rainy to dry seasons. There is evidence that the reported increase in frequency and magnitude of algal bloom events in Jakarta Bay is linked to cultural eutrophication. The recent exponential growth of the city may be a contributing factor in the increasing intensity of algal blooms. The cultural eutrophication of coastal waters increased, leading to the intensity and frequency of algal bloom.

scholarly journals Diversity and Abundance of Phytoplankton in the Coastal Waters of South Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Hasriani Ayu Lestari ◽  
M. Farid Samawi ◽  
Ahmad Faizal ◽  
Abigail Mary Moore ◽  
Jamaluddin Jompa
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

Phytoplankton are primary producers that can be used as seawater condition indicators. Certain phytoplankton can proliferate, causing harmful algal blooms (HABs). The coastal waters of South Sulawesi, Indonesia are under pressure from land-based processes and activities resulting in inputs of organic and inorganic materials. This study analysed phytoplankton diversity and abundance in coastal waters around South Sulawesi. Phytoplankton were sampled and seawater parameters (salinity, temperature, turbidity, pH, nitrate concentration) measured in-situ at six stations around seven major river estuaries in three seaways (Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, Gulf of Bone). Phytoplankton taxonomic composition, abundance and indices of diversity (H’), evenness (E), and dominance (D) were analysed. Phytoplankton from 31 species and three classes (Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae) were identified. Phytoplankton abundance and community structure differed significantly between sites and seaways but were not significantly correlated with water quality parameters although Dinophyceae abundance correlated significantly with observed pollution levels. Phytoplankton abundance was strongly influenced by the Dinophyceae, especially Ceratium furca, a potential HAB species; Cyanophyceae had the strongest influence on species richness but least on community structure. C. furca abundance was strongly correlated negatively with species richness, H’ and E, and positively with D, indicating negative impacts of this species on phytoplankton communities.

scholarly journals ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕТНЕГО ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФОСФОРА, АЗОТА И ХЛОРОФИЛЛА-а В КРУПНОМ ЭВТРОФИРУЕМОМ АРКТИЧЕСКОМ ОЗЕРЕ ИМАНДРА (МУРМАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ) В СВЯЗИ С МАССОВЫМ РАЗВИТИЕМ ФОТОСИНТЕЗИРУЮЩИХ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Н.А. Кашулин ◽  
А.К. Бекклунд ◽  
В.А. Даувальтер
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Major Part ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Total P ◽  
Lake Imandra

The lake Imandra is a major Arctic water basin where harmful algal blooms (HABs) are observed regularly starting from the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. HABs occur in the lake at significantly lower temperatures and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) levels than in lakes located at lower latitudes. With regard to the above, the interrelationships between and the patterns of the spatial distributions of P, N and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in the upper layers of the lake have been considered. The complex outline of and strong gravity currents in the lake combined with potent focal anthropogenic sources of P and N determine the gradients of biogenic elements levels in the lake. Their examination suggest that HABs development is limited mutually by the levels of N and P and by their stoichiometric proportions. At the levels of total P and N (Ptot and Ntot) below 17 µg/L and 150 µg/L respectively, HABs probability is low. At Ptot>17 µg/L, HABs are limited by N rather than P. At Ntot>180 µg/L, HABs probability becomes increased. In the major part of the lake, N is mostly organic and NO3– levels are low, NH4+ being predominant among the inorganic forms of N. This makes conditions for the development of green algae and for the predominance of cyanobacteria. At [NO3-]:[NH4+] within 0.1 to 1.0, the probability of cyanoHABs is high. HABs development is promoted by [NO3-] > 2.5 µg/L upon [РО43-] > 3.1 µg/l, the N:P ratio being above 9.7. The ascertaining of the critical levels of N- and P-containing compounds will be useful in HABs forecasting and in understanding of HABs development in Arctic water basins.

scholarly journals Assessing the Use of Molecular Barcoding and qPCR for Investigating the Ecology of Prorocentrum minimum (Dinophyceae), a Harmful Algal Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Kate McLennan ◽  
Rendy Ruvindy ◽  
Martin Ostrowski ◽  
Shauna Murray
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Prorocentrum Minimum ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Abundance Estimates

Prorocentrum minimum is a species of marine dinoflagellate that occurs worldwide and can be responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs). Some studies have reported it to produce tetrodotoxin; however, results have been inconsistent. qPCR and molecular barcoding (amplicon sequencing) using high-throughput sequencing have been increasingly applied to quantify HAB species for ecological analyses and monitoring. Here, we isolated a strain of P. minimum from eastern Australian waters, where it commonly occurs, and developed and validated a qPCR assay for this species based on a region of ITS rRNA in relation to abundance estimates from the cultured strain as determined using light microscopy. We used this tool to quantify and examine ecological drivers of P. minimum in Botany Bay, an estuary in southeast Australia, for over ~14 months in 2016–2017. We compared abundance estimates using qPCR with those obtained using molecular barcoding based on an 18S rRNA amplicon. There was a significant correlation between the abundance estimates from amplicon sequencing and qPCR, but the estimates from light microscopy were not significantly correlated, likely due to the counting method applied. Using amplicon sequencing, ~600 unique actual sequence variants (ASVs) were found, much larger than the known phytoplankton diversity from this region. P. minimum abundance in Botany Bay was found to be significantly associated with lower salinities and higher dissolved CO2 levels.

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