The Effect of Commercial Probiotics on the Phytoplankton Diversity Associated with Biofloc

The intensive aquaculture industry faces two main problems, first, the decrease in the water quality caused by high concentrations of metabolites, and second, the use of low natural food in aquaculture activities with high water exchange intensity. For this reason, efforts are needed to develop biofloc to maximize the contribution of natural food which can increase aquaculture production. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of commercial probiotics on the differences in the phytoplankton diversity associated with biofloc. The fish were divided into three treatment groups. Treatment A involved biofloc formation without using probiotics, treatment B contained biofloc formation using commercial probiotics (Bacillus spp., lactic acid, Lactobacillus spp., Saccharomyces spp. 50/50 feed), and treatment C entailed biofloc formation using commercial probiotics (containing a native microbial consortium, 50/50 feed). The treatment groups were repeated six times so that there were 18 experimental units. The research was conducted from March to April 2015. The results indicated that the administration of probiotics with different types led to insignificant differences among the treatment groups. The highest diversity index value occurred in treatment C on day 34 of the experiment that was equal to 0.49. On the other hand, the highest value of the dominance index (C = 0.99) occurred in treatments A and B on day 21. It can be concluded that the addition of probiotics with different biofloc could result in insignificant phytoplankton diversity. Furthermore, the Nitrogen/Phosphorus (N/P) ratio as a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth indicated different results in each treatment.

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Struktur Komunitas Fitoplankton di Perairan Pesisir Pulau Siantan Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

CAHAYA PENDIDIKAN ◽

10.33373/chypend.v1i1.375 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lani Puspita ◽

Notowinarto Notowinarto ◽

Rudi Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Natural Food ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

Level Data ◽

Dominance Level ◽

Index Value ◽

Sampling Times

Phytoplankton as a producers and natural food for fish have an important role in aquatic ecosystems, thus indirectly affecting the availability of fish catches. The research was conducted at Siantan Island Coastal Area Anambas Islands District Riau Islands Province. This coastal area is one of the fishing grounds in Anambas Island. This study aims to analyze the community structure of phytoplankton at Siantan Island Coastal Area Anambas Islands District Riau Islands Province. Sampling was conducted during March and April 2012. Community structure parameters analyzed include Species Diversity Level, Species Uniformity Level, and Species Dominance Level. Data were analyzed spatially and temporally. Similarity between the sampling locations was conduted by Multivariate Analysis - Cluster. Results of data analysis showed that the phytoplankton of Bacillariophyceae Class found in the most abundant amount. Diversity Index Value indicates that the level of phytoplankton plankton community in a state of moderate. Species Uniformity Index Value and Species Dominance Index Value indicates that phytoplankton in the three sampling locations are generally in a state of uniform and no one dominates. All three sampling locations have relatively the same condition and between sampling times (morning, afternoon, and evening) are also not very different condition. Keywords: phytoplankton, coastal, Anambas Islands

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KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BINTANG LAUT DI PANTAI BAHOWO KECAMATAN BUNAKEN KOTA MANADO SULAWESI UTARA

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.8.2019.29238 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Putri Binambuni ◽

Marnix Langoy ◽

Deidy Y Katili

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Wealth Index ◽

High Water ◽

Line Transect ◽

Sea Star ◽

Sea Stars ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Index Value ◽

Method Analysis

ABSTRACT Indonesia's territory has high water resources such as fauna diversity. One animal example from the Phylum Echinodermata Class Asteroidea. This is supported by the presence of sand, seagrass and coral reef habitats. Asteroidea is a inhabitant of shallow waters and is commonly found in seagrass beds and coral reefs. This study aims to analyze the diversity of sea star species in Bahowo Beach, Bunaken District, Manado City, North Sulawesi. The sampling method used in this study is the line transect and squared method. Analysis of the data used is Relative Abundance (KR), Diversity Index (H '), Evenness Index (e), and Wealth Index (R). The results of the study found 5 species with a total of 73 individuals. Diversity index value is H '= 1.23 and shows the results of moderate diversity. Keywords: Diversity of Types of Sea Stars in Bahowo Beach, Bunaken District, Manado City, North Sulawesi. ABSTRAK Wilayah Indonesia memiliki sumber daya perairan yang tinggi seperti keanekaragaman fauna. Salah satu contoh hewan dari Filum Echinodermata Kelas Asteroidea. Hal ini didukung oleh keberadaan habitat pasir, padang lamun, dan terumbu karang. Asteroidea adalah penghuni perairan dangkal dan umumnya terdapat di padang lamun dan terumbu karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman jenis bintang laut yang ada di Pantai Bahowo, Kecamatan Bunaken, Kota Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Metode pengambilan sampel yang diigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode garis transek dan kuadrat. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Kelimpahan Relatif (KR), Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’), Indeks Kemerataan (e), dan Indeks Kekayaan (R). Hasil penelitian didapatkan 5 spesies dengan jumlah 73 individu. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman yaitu H’= 1,23 dan menunjukkan hasil keanekaragaman sedang. Kata Kunci: Keanekaragaman Jenis Bintang Laut di Pantai Bahowo, Kecamatan Bunaken, Kota Manado, Sulawesi Utara.

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Microalgae Diversities in Different Depths of Sendang Biru Beach, Malang East Java

Biotropika Journal of Tropical Biology ◽

10.21776/ub.biotropika.2020.008.03.01 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 135-142

Author(s):

Yustika Aulia Rahma ◽

Getrudis Wihelmina ◽

Sugireng Sugireng ◽

Tri Ardiyati

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Central Zone ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Edge Zone ◽

Phytoplankton Diversity ◽

Abundant Phytoplankton ◽

Index Value ◽

Physical And Chemical

Sendang Biru beach is a one of the coastal area located in Sumbermanjing Wetan, Malang, East Java-Indonesia. As a sea tourism, there are another residents activities such as fishing, fish landing and auction in Malang. That activities can caused pollution on the Sendang Biru aquatic environment. The research aim were to describe the water quality of Sendang Biru aquatic environment based on phytoplankton diversity. This research used several data collection techniques, that were microalgae sampling technique and measurement of physical and chemical water quality. Phytoplankton found in Sendang Biru Beach consists of 47 genus that are genus from seven divisions, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Dinophyta, Chrysophyta and Charophyta. The most abundant phytoplankton while having the Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) at the edge zone is the genus Oscillatoria sp. (the abundance is 4368000 Ind/L and INP 26,288). In the central and inner zones are both dominated by Coscinodiscus sp. (The abundance of center zone 4992000 Ind/L and INP 30,499; the abundance of inside zone is 9464000 Ind/L and INP 40,773). The level of diversity of phytoplankton in the three area of Sendang Biru beach are 2,297 in the edge zone; 2,37 in the central zone, and 1,8 in the inner zone. The pollution status of Sendang Biru beach can be classified as polluted moderately based on diversity index value on three different zone in the Sendang Biru Beach.

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Phytoplankton Diversity as Bioindicator of Pandanduri Dam Waters, East Lombok Regency

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 355

Author(s):

Lalu Hasan Nasirudin Zohri ◽

Agil Al Idrus ◽

Lalu Japa

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Phytoplankton Community ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Quality Change ◽

Species Diversity Index ◽

Phytoplankton Diversity ◽

Essential Function ◽

Index Value

Pandanduri Dam waters has an essential function for the community made the activities of the surrounding community inseparable from the Pandanduri Dam that made potentially quality change of the Pandanduri Dam waters. Good water quality is an important requirement for humans that made water quality research is essential to be done. Human activities will affect environmental factors such as biological parameters, especially phytoplankton, which are indicators of water quality. The aim of this study was to analyzed water quality of Pandanduri Dam through study of phytoplankton community and diversity. Sample sites were determined based on haphazard sampling method and phytoplankton data were analyzed based on the shannon-weiner diversity index. The results showed that the phytoplankton community identified in Pandanduri Dam consisted of 5 classes, 13 orders, and 31 species with species diversity index of 2,659. Based on fitoplankton diversity index value the water of Pandanduri Dam was in lightly polluted category. It is suggested to more detailed studies should be undertaken especially on species that produce toxins over a longer time scale.

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Shelf Life of Fresh Sausages Stored under Modified Atmospheres

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-68.12.2686 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 2686-2692 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

P. TREMONTE ◽

E. SORRENTINO ◽

M. SUCCI ◽

A. REALE ◽

G. MAIORANO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽

Meat Products ◽

High Water ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

A Value ◽

Red Color ◽

Spoilage Bacteria ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

High Concentrations

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for the improvement of the shelf life of fresh meat products. Three different conditions for preserving fresh sausages were tested: MAP1 (20% CO2, 70% O2, and 10% N2), MAP2 (40% CO2 and 60% O2), and MAP3 (40% CO2, 30% O2, and 30% N2). Samples from the MAP2 group had fewer spoilage bacteria, stable red color (no change of a* value), and good physical attributes (high water-holding capacity, little loss from cooking, and low shear force needed for cutting) compared with samples from other treatment groups. Thus, high concentrations of CO2 (40%) and O2 (60%) resulted in a longer shelf life for fresh sausages.

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Fenomena Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) di Pantai Ringgung Teluk Lampung, Pengaruhnya dengan Tingkat Kematian Ikan yang Dibudidayakan pada Karamba Jaring Apung

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v15i1.111 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ade Irawan ◽

Qadar Hasani ◽

Herman Yuliyanto

Keyword(s):

Harmful Algal Blooms ◽

Algal Blooms ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Wild Fish ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Fish Mortality ◽

Phytoplankton Diversity ◽

Algal Abundance ◽

The Individual ◽

Index Value

Fish mortality in the Bay of Lampung not only wild fish, but also fish farmed in cages, especially Ringgung Beach. One which caused by harmful algal abundance that occur was increased input contaminants by both natural and anthropogenic sources. This study aims to analyze the influence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) the amount and frequency of fish mortality in cage Ringgung Lampung Bay. The study was conducted at three research stations based KJA density. The results of the study found 33 species of phytoplankton, 14 species have potential as HABs can cause the death of fish. The highest abundance was kind Cochlodinium that reach 63.738 cells/liter. Phytoplankton diversity index value with the lowest value occurred at station 3 on June 19, 2013 ie the date of 0705. The highest phytoplankton diversity values occurred at Station 2 on June 12, 2013 is 2,451. Uniformity values of phytoplankton in the waters of Beach Ringgung obtained in the high category with a value above 0.5 or close to 1, which indicates that the spread of the individual any kind of relatively evenly. Except at station 3 which has a relatively low value (0.228 on June 19, 2013, 0291 on June 26, 2013, and 0446 on July 3, 2013). Effect of HABs on the fishing mortality rate is indicated by regression analysis. Correlation coefficient at station 1 shows the value of 0.5208. While on station 2 shows 0.6937. Harmful algal blooms shown to affect mortality rates of fish in floating net Ringgung Beach. They have triggered reduced oxygen levels in the water that could potentially cause the death of wild fish and farmed in floating net Keywords: Dead fish, harmful phytoplankton, floating net

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The Effect of Different Commercial Probiotics on the Diversity and Density of Sea Water Plankton in the Experiment Tub

Journal of Marine and Coastal Science ◽

10.20473/jmcs.v9i1.20757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Mizar Desrialdi ◽

Boedi Setya Rahardja ◽

Endang Dewi Masithah

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Sea Water ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Chlorella Sp ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Experimental Media ◽

Index Value ◽

Commercial Probiotics

The presence of plankton in pond ecosystems fluctuates. Phytoplankton needs nutrients to support their growth. The higher the nutrient content in the waters, the greater the abundance of phytoplankton. The increased abundance of phytoplankton will stimulate the growth of zooplankton. One of the causes of changes in ecosystems in waters is caused by water waste that comes from the rest of the feed and feces and in the form of ammonia or nitrite and nitrate. Water quality is a critical factor in the cultivation process. As a preventative measure, the decrease in water quality in waters is by giving probiotic bacteria. This study aims to obtain information about the effect of giving different commercial probiotics to the diversity and density of seawater plankton in the experimental bath. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatments used are different types of commercial probiotics, with as many as six replications. The main parameters observed were the diversity and density of seawater plankton in the experimental media. Supporting parameters observed were temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, ammonia, and C / N and N / P ratio of water. Commercial probiotics are given every 7 days at a dose of 2 mg / l. The results showed that the treatment of different commercial probiotics resulted in differences in diversity, density and plankton dominance. The highest diversity index value (H ') obtained in probiotics A was 6.85 (moderate diversity), and dominance (C) was 0.96, meaning that there was dominant plankton, Chlorella sp. and Oscillatoria sp. whereas the highest plankton density was obtained in probiotics B at week 1 of 5.98x106 ind / ml.

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Kualitas Air dan Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Perairan Pantai Lovina Kabupaten Buleleng Provinsi Bali

Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.24843/jmas.2019.v05.i01.p14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Irene Yolanda Br Ginting ◽

I Wayan Restu ◽

Dewa Ayu Angga Pebriani

Keyword(s):

Dissolved Oxygen ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Plankton Community ◽

Zooplankton Abundance ◽

Marine Biota ◽

Dominance Index ◽

Phytoplankton Diversity ◽

Average Value ◽

Observation Method ◽

Index Value

Lovina Beach is one of the beaches visited by many foreign and domestic tourists. Lovina Beach has a tourism spot and a vast area of marine biota cultivation. Life of biota in the waters of Lovina Beach is affected by conditions of beach waters. The research purpose was to know the correlation between waters quality and plankton in Lovina Beach by using observation method. The research was done on February until March 2017. Species of fitoplankton species from all three stations was dominated by Lyngbya sp. with abundance of 78 ind/l. The average value of the phytoplankton diversity index found was 1.7706. The average value of phytoplankton uniformity index is 0.9882 while the value of phytoplankton dominance index is 0.1737. The average value of the zooplankton diversity index found is 1.7311. The average value of the zooplankton uniformity index is 0.8896 while the zooplankton dominance index value is 0.2125. The result of the measurement of water quality is temperature parameter in Lovina Beach ranged from 27.6 - 28.9 0C, brightness ranged between 4.7 - 6 m, salinity of 25.3 - 27 ppt, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) ranged between 4 - 4 , 7 Mg / L, the pH ranged from 8.5 to 8.6, the nitrate ranged from 0.0081-00087 Mg/L and the phosphate ranged from 0.016 to 0.027 Mg / L. So, it can be concluded that the waters of Lovina Beach has the highest abundance of plankton that is the type of zooplankton, the level of plankton community structure in Lovina Beach waters is moderate.ppt, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) 4 – 4,3 Mg/l, pH 8,5 – 8,6, nitrate 0,0081 – 0,0087 Mg/l and phosphate 0,016 – 0,027 Mg/L. The structure of plankton community in Lovina coastal according of phytoplankton abundance categorized in oligotropic, while according of zooplankton abundance categorized in moderate (mesotropic).

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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON DI PERAIRAN PESISIR PULAU SIANTAN KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU

SIMBIOSA ◽

10.33373/sim-bio.v2i1.707 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lani Puspita ◽

Notowinarto Notowinarto ◽

Rudi Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Natural Food ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Sampling Locations ◽

Level Data ◽

Dominance Level ◽

Index Value ◽

Sampling Times

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A Novel Microbial Zearalenone Transformation through Phosphorylation

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13050294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

Yan Zhu ◽

Pascal Drouin ◽

Dion Lepp ◽

Xiu-Zhen Li ◽

Honghui Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Transformation ◽

Acid Tolerance ◽

Transformation Product ◽

The United States ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The 16S Rrna Gene ◽

Bacillus Strains

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin widely occurring in many agricultural commodities. In this study, a purified bacterial isolate, Bacillus sp. S62-W, obtained from one of 104 corn silage samples from various silos located in the United States, exhibited activity to transform the mycotoxin ZEA. A novel microbial transformation product, ZEA-14-phosphate, was detected, purified, and identified by HPLC, LC-MS, and NMR analyses. The isolate has been identified as belonging to the genus Bacillus according to phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and whole genome alignments. The isolate showed high efficacy in transforming ZEA to ZEA-14-phosphate (100% transformation within 24 h) and possessed advantages of acid tolerance (work at pH = 4.0), working under a broad range of temperatures (22–42 °C), and a capability of transforming ZEA at high concentrations (up to 200 µg/mL). In addition, 23 Bacillus strains of various species were tested for their ZEA phosphorylation activity. Thirteen of the Bacillus strains showed phosphorylation functionality at an efficacy of between 20.3% and 99.4% after 24 h incubation, suggesting the metabolism pathway is widely conserved in Bacillus spp. This study established a new transformation system for potential application of controlling ZEA although the metabolism and toxicity of ZEA-14-phosphate requires further investigation.

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