scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on assisted reproductive technologies and its multifacet influence on global bioeconomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan ◽  
Charles O. Adetunji ◽  
Gloria E. Okotie ◽  
Olorunsola Adeyomoye ◽  
Osikemekha A. Anani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Reproductive Services

Several nations of the world have issued instructions such as travel restrictions, border closure, and lockdown, plus other directives proposing that non-essential care must be withdrawn including assisted reproductive services, in an attempt to identify resources to ascertain the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. This has led to massive shortage in medical supplies, inappropriate service delivery, hike in price, decrease in staff work load, salary cut, decrease in the utilization of qualitative maternal, and reproductive health-care services thereby creating high risk on reproductive health and global bioeconomy. The search for right candidate for the management of coronavirus disease 2019 and several reproductive health challenges begins with the screening of natural products to identify novel active constituent. Moreover, there is need to pay more attention to crucial phytochemical, bioactive fractions, phytoanalysis, and phytopharmacological investigation for effective drug discovery most especially these bioresources from beneficial microorganisms, plants, and ocean deposits that could help in mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 and reproduction health challenges through chemoinformatics, informatics, synthetic biology, nanotechnology, and metabolomics hence boosting the global economy.

Needs assessment for gender sensitive reproductive health services for adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rahmanian ◽  
Soheila Nazarpour ◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Ali Ramezankhani ◽  
Farid Zayeri
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Services

AbstractBackgroundA dimension of reproductive health services that should be gender sensitive is reproductive health services for adolescents.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess needs for gender sensitive reproductive health care services for adolescents.MethodsThis was a descriptive cross-sectional study on 341 of health care providers for adolescents in health centers and hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran in 2016. The subjects of the study were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The tools for data collection were: (1) a demographic information questionnaire and; (2) a valid and reliable questionnaire to Assess the Needs of Gender-Sensitive Adolescents Reproductive Health Care Services (ANQ-GSARHS) including three sections; process, structure and policy making for the services. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.ResultsThree hundred and forty-one health providers with an average working experience of 8.77 ± 5.39 [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] years participated in the study. The results demonstrated the highest scores for educational needs (92.96% ± 11.49%), supportive policies (92.71% ± 11.70%) and then care needs (92.37% ± 14.34%) of the services.ConclusionsProviding gender sensitive reproductive health care services for adolescents needs to be reformed as regards processes, structure and policies of the services. However, the gender appropriate educational and care needs as well as supportive policies are the priorities for reform of the services.

scholarly journals Assessment of the quality of sexual and reproductive health services delivered to adolescents at Ujala clinics: A qualitative study in Rajasthan, India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261757
Author(s):  
Radhika Dayal ◽  
Mukta Gundi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Sexual Reproductive Health ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Quality Health

The Adolescent Friendly Health Clinic (AFHCs), a key component of the Government of India’s National Adolescent Health Programme a.k.a. Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK), aims to increase the accessibility and utilization of sexual-reproductive health services by adolescents and youth. However, low quality of care provided at AFHCs by counsellors calls for attention. We, thus, explore both the clients’ and providers’ perspectives using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global standards for quality health-care services for adolescents to assess the quality of the sexual reproductive health service delivery at AFHCs in Rajasthan, India. We conducted a qualitative study, comprising observation of the service delivery using mystery clients (MCs) (n = 12) and in-depth interviews with the counsellors (n = 4) in four AFHCs. Interviews were transcribed in local language and were translated in English. The transcripts were coded thematically. Our study, using five of the eight WHO global standards for quality health-care services for adolescents highlighted several gaps in the quality-of-service delivery at AFHCs. We unearth various intricacies related to the quality of the services provided at the AFHCs by referring to the relevant input, process, and the output criteria of WHO global standards I, III, IV, V and VI. Our study calls for efforts to improve- (i) the counsellors’ competencies to increase adolescents’ health literacy on sensitive topics, (ii) the facilities at the clinic to ensure privacy, comfort and confidentiality of the adolescents seeking services, (iii) the referrals to improve appropriate package of services, and (iv) an overall environment to ensure an equity and non-discrimination for all the adolescents. Our findings unearth the barriers that both the service providers and the adolescents face at the AFHCs and underscore the need for regular monitoring and evaluation of the AFHCs to strengthen the facility-based intervention of the RKSK programme.

Conscientious Objection to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: International Human Rights Standards and European Law and Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Zampas ◽  
Ximena Andión-Ibañez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
European Court

Abstract The practice of conscientious objection often arises in the area of individuals refusing to fulfil compulsory military service requirements and is based on the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion as protected by national, international and regional human rights law. The practice of conscientious objection also arises in the field of health care, when individual health care providers or institutions refuse to provide certain health services based on religious, moral or philosophical objections. The use of conscientious objection by health care providers to reproductive health care services, including abortion, contraceptive prescriptions, and prenatal tests, among other services is a growing phenomena throughout Europe. However, despite recent progress from the European Court of Human Rights on this issue (RR v. Poland, 2011), countries and international and regional bodies generally have failed to comprehensively and effectively regulate this practice, denying many women reproductive health care services they are legally entitled to receive. The Italian Ministry of Health reported that in 2008 nearly 70% of gynaecologists in Italy refuse to perform abortions on moral grounds. It found that between 2003 and 2007 the number of gynaecologists invoking conscientious objection in their refusal to perform an abortion rose from 58.7 percent to 69.2 percent. Italy is not alone in Europe, for example, the practice is prevalent in Poland, Slovakia, and is growing in the United Kingdom. This article outlines the international and regional human rights obligations and medical standards on this issue, and highlights some of the main gaps in these standards. It illustrates how European countries regulate or fail to regulate conscientious objection and how these regulations are working in practice, including examples of jurisprudence from national level courts and cases before the European Court of Human Rights. Finally, the article will provide recommendations to national governments as well as to international and regional bodies on how to regulate conscientious objection so as to both respect the practice of conscientious objection while protecting individual’s right to reproductive health care.

Demographic factors related to male involvement in reproductive health care services in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Ani ◽  
Olumide Abiodun ◽  
John Sotunsa ◽  
Olubukola Faturoti ◽  
John Imaralu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Services

LGBT Parenting and Family Formation

Sociology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien W. Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Division Of Household Labor ◽  
Reproductive Services ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
Lgbt Parenting ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Lgbt People

Over the past three decades, rapidly growing numbers of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people have become parents. LGBT people may become parents via giving birth or by adopting or fostering children. Some LGBT people may use Assisted Reproductive Technologies as part of their journey to parenthood. Other LGBT people may become parents as part of a blended or stepfamily. Overall, research comparing LGBT-headed families with heterosexual and/or cisgender-headed families demonstrates broadly similar outcomes for children. A key point of difference pertains to experiences of discrimination, which can occur when LGBT parents (and their children) access reproductive services, when engaging with their families of origin, in schools, and in terms of broader societal attitudes. Other points of difference pertain to the division of household labor, views on parenting, and beliefs about the needs of children. In many respects, the research evidence suggests that, across these three areas, LGBT parents engage in practices that positively benefit their children.

Infecundity and Infertility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Thoma ◽  
Carie Cox ◽  
Jasmine Fledderjohann ◽  
Rudolph Kantum Adageba
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Epidemiology

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Global Public Health. Please check back later for the full article. Infertility remains a neglected area in sexual and reproductive health, yet its consequences are staggering. Infertility is estimated to impact about 15% (estimates range from 48 million to 180 million) of couples of reproductive age worldwide. It is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes, financial distress, severe social stigma, increased risk of domestic abuse, and marital instability. While men and women are equally likely to be infertile, women often bear the societal burden of infertility, particularly in societies where a woman’s identity and social value is closely tied to her ability to bear children. Despite these consequences, disparities in access to infertility treatment between low- and high-income populations persist, given the high cost and limited geographic availability of diagnostic services and assisted reproductive technologies. In addition, a significant proportion of infertility arises from preventable factors, such as smoking, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy-related infection or unsafe abortion, and environmental contaminants. Accordingly, programs that address the equitable prevention and treatment of infertility are not only in keeping with a reproductive rights perspective, but can also improve public health. However, progress on infertility as a global concern in the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights is stymied by challenges in understanding the global epidemiology of infertility, including its causes and determinants, barriers to accessing quality infertility care, and a lack of political will and attention to this issue. Tracking and measurement of infertility is highly complex, resulting in considerable ambiguity about its prevalence and stratification of reproduction globally. A renewed global focus on infertility epidemiology, risk factors, and access to and receipt of quality of care will support individuals in trying to reach their desired number and spacing of children and improve overall health and well-being.

scholarly journals “Man Cannot Exist Alone”: The Challenge of Health Care to Honor the Role of Women in Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Jonathan Scrafford
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Natural Family Planning ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
Over Time

Women’s roles in society are changing. While most of those changes recognize and enhance the contributions of feminine ingenuity to human development, some threaten to isolate women physically, socially, and emotionally. Developments in reproductive health care, and the writings of Pope Saint John Paul II, offer lenses by which to evaluate the shifting landscape of women’s role in society. On the one hand, practices such as contraception, abortion, surrogacy, and assisted reproductive technologies over time will weaken the physical, social, and emotional bonds that procreation has held between man and woman, parents and children, and families and society. On the other hand, the expansion of different modes of natural family planning and pregnancy support centers offers to preserve those bonds. Summary: Women’s role in families, and therefore society, is invaluable. Several approaches to reproductive health offered by medicine may isolate women over time, and some evidences suggest we are already seeing that effect. Other approaches to women’s health may be able to preserve the physical, emotional, and social bonds that integrate women to the family, and therefore society.

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