scholarly journals The First Library Session of the People’s Commissariat of Education in Moscow: Continuity and New Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Elena A. Emelyanova
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Professional Development Training ◽  
Library Network ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Library

Based on the archival documents of the Russian State Library (RGB), the article studies the questions on the situation with librarianship in Russia before the October Revolution of 1917 and in the early post-revolutionary years. Introduction of the new sources and the new interpretation of the continuity and interaction of specialists after the Revolution determine the scientific novelty of the study. The source base of the research are the materials of the First All-Russian Congress on Librarianship of 1911 and the First Library Session of the People’s Commissariat of Education in 1919. For the first time the article introduces into scientific circulation the bulk of the materials of the First Library Session, not published in full and stored in the Archive of the Russian State Library. Despite the fundamental changes in life associated with social processes after the October Revolution, practical experience accumulated by libraries in pre-revolutionary times within the Russian Empire, as well as its theoretical understanding became largely the basis for the new organization of librarianship. Evaluation of the development of librarianship in Russia and the need for radical changes in librarianship were formulated at the Congress of 1911. Thanks to the active participation of librarians and book experts in the discussion of the structure of the librarianship, many historical shortcomings of the old system have received professional and competent solution. The dialogue of the new government with the old personnel facilitated this process. The Bolshevik leadership duly appreciated professionalism of the library staff and largely used their suggestions made at the First Library Session, which became the basis for the construction of library network in the country and organization of professional development training. The leadership of the People’s Commissariat of Education took over the establishment of ideological control over the activities of libraries, leaving the practical work under the supervision of employees of these institutions. The author concludes that the subsequent success of the development of librarianship in the USSR demonstrated the correctness of the developed plan, built on the opinion of professionals and created by them in the main features.

New Facts on the History of the Russian America (Based of the Russian Archival Documents)

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Ivan B. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Library

The refusal of Russia from its territory in Alaska is presented to this day as a goodwill gesture for the peace and consent with USA. The fragments of the documents stored in the archive of foreign policy of the Russian Empire, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, in the Russian State Historical Archive, in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, in the research department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library, reveal the true reasons for the taken decisions. New facts for scientific use and previously unknown documents are introduced.

Information Context of Culture in Focus of Professional Discussion

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Irina P. Tikunova
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Information Support ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Russian State ◽  
State Library ◽  
Cultural Sector

The article presents an overview of the all-Russian scientific and practical conference (with international participation) “Information Context of Culture: Resources, Technologies, Service” (the 11th conference of heads and specialists of information services for culture and art). The conference, orga­nized by the Russian State Library, the Russian State Library of Arts, and the St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, on the instructions of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, was held in Moscow on September 24—25, 2019. Its purpose was to summarize the results of scientific research and practical experience on the issues of information support of the cultural sector in the digital age, to identify some problems and find ways to overcome them, and to demonstrate the best achievements in this field. The conference was attended by more than 90 representatives of cultural management bodies, federal, regional and municipal libraries, universities, training centers and other organizations of culture, science, education and mass media from 22 regions of Russia, as well as heads and specialists of national libraries of Armenia, Belarus and Kazakhstan (via video link). Thanks to the online broadcast, the total audience of the event increased by almost 200 people. The conference participants noted the importance of scientific and information activities in the cultural sector both for society in general and for the sector’s development in particular. In order to improve this work, the conference participants recommended to promote its digitalization, which is aimed at creating public resources for culture and art and organizing information services in the 7/24 mode via the Internet, including on mobile devices; to intensify the mutual use of resources through participation in joint projects; and to strictly observe copyright when creating information resources and methodological materials.

scholarly journals Education and Professional Development Training of Methodologists: Based on the Research Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria I. Akilina
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Professional Development Training ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Library

The article is devoted to the results of the research “Personnel of Methodologists of the Central Libraries of the Subjects of the Russian Federation”, conducted by the Center for Research on the Development of Libraries in the Information Society of the Russian State Library in 2017. The article presents the results of one of the aspects of the study related to the problems of education and professional development training of employees of methodical services of the Central Libraries of the Russian Federation. 97,9% employees of the methodical divisions have higher education that demonstrates high educational status of the methodical personnel. At the same time, almost one third of the staff does not have the specialized library training. Non-core education is represented by various disciplines, mainly of humanitarian area. Participants of the research also noted the discrepancy between the education of graduates of library qualification and modern requirements of methodical activities and the great need for continuous professional development training of staff of specialized methodical units. The author studied participation of methodologists in the activities of the professional development system, as well as the topics of these activities. There were almost no training events organized specifically for methodologists, and their participation in the numerous training events was not systematic. The analysis of educational needs of methodologists showed the greatest deficiency of events on legal subjects and organization of methodical activities. The results of the study are important for the subsequent development of the professional training strategy and system of professional development training of the personnel of methodical services.

SPIRITUAL CONSISTORY AS A CHURCH COURT FOR PARISH CLERGY IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Матвеева ◽  
Evgeniya Matveeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Corporate Character ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Church

In the article gives the characteristic and the importance of the Spiritual Consistory as the highest church judicial body for the parish clergy in the Russian Empire based on the content of legislative acts regulating the activities of Orthodox Russian church periodicals, archival documents, as well as interpretations and perceptions of modern scientists. Methodological basis of the research is essential principles of history science, such as consistency, Historicism, interdisciplinary and scientific objectivity that allow to review the studied facts and events in the dynamics and interactions. Consideration of the key issues is done within the context of dichotomy of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian State as a whole and on the basis of the development of the overall social policy in particular. The article deals with the powers and competence of the ecclesiastical courts of the Russian Empire in the 19th and early 20th century. This period, XIX-beginning of XX century, is characterized by the desire of the State to control the Church and its activities, including those directed towards identifying ethos of professional suitability and clergy. The author proves that trial was closed against the clergy and had corporate character.

scholarly journals Adrian Pushkin: Perm experience of the bureaucratic messiahship

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
A.V. Bushmakov ◽  
S.V. Riazanova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Folk Narratives ◽  
Solovetsky Monastery

This paper presents to the reader’s attention a unique case of a local “messianic” prophecy which combines features of folk religious movements and principles of functioning of the bureaucratic machine. The manuscripts of civil servant and merchant Adrian Pushkin, who lived in the 19th century in the city of Perm (Kama region, West-ern Ural), are considered as a variation of development of popular religion which includes a messianic-apocalyptic narrative. This places the provincial clerk closely to founders of the alternative to the official Orthodox discourse movements in the Russian Empire, as well as new religious movements of the later period. The aim of this paper is to determine the place and the role of Pushkin’s revelation in the religious space of that historical period. The main sources of the research are local archival documents which include business correspondence, personal letters, photographs, also documents related to Pushkin’s psychiatric examination and his subsequent expulsion to the Solovetsky Monastery, letters and family photos of the “prophet”, and service notes. The research method is based on the phenomenological approach with elements of hermeneutical analysis. The new revelation was founded on biblical text well known to the Perm messiah, and its content was provided by the social and historical context. The targeted audience for the new prophet was the middle strata of the society, comfortable for him. The preferred way of communication involved the tools of the bureaucratic system of pre-revolutionary Russia. The development of the new interpretation of Christian teaching was based on individual choice of the revelator and mediated by already initiated processes of secularization of public life. Traditional narratives and imagery of the sacred books of the Orthodox tradition were placed by the messiah-bureaucrat in the context of local space of the region and the country, and were interpreted through realities of personal life. Open criticism of the official Church was combined with a complex of mythological ideas. The main accents of the prophetic text were apocalyptic and chiliastic, related to the personal and professional crisis experienced by the author. The latter was triggered by the abolition of serfdom and destruction of the habitual environment and self-realization system. The style and con-tent of Pushkin’s text represent a mixture of theological concepts and elements of folk narratives based on the biblical tradition. As a result of the textual development, the signature myth was formed, rooted formally in Chris-tian dogmas and associated with folk religious culture.

tate Charters of 19th Century in the Collections of the Russian State Library

2009 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Pavel G. Petin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article contains information on the State deeds of the Russian Empire of the 19th century stored at the Russian State Library and considers peculiarities of that unique historic source.

Additions to the attribution of archival documents of the Manuscripts Department of the Russian State Library

2020 ◽  
pp. 493-518
Author(s):  
Marina I. Shcherbakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Greek Letter ◽  
Handwritten Documents ◽  
Famous People ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Library

The issue of significance of attribution for establishing the history of the creation of handwritten documents is discussed in the article using the examples of a copy of the working note of Saint Theophan the Recluse «Reservations in the book “Orthodox Worshipers in Jerusalem” » (1858) from the archive of the Russian Saint Panteleimon Monastery; made by Andrey Murav’yov as a translation of the Greek letter of Archimandrite Joasaph (1851), rector of the Holy Lavra of Saint Sabbas in Palestine; letters from nun Leonida (worldly Yelizaveta Obukhova), the female treasurer of convent of Saints Boris and Gleb in the hamlet of Anosino, to Archbishop Leonid (worldly Lev Krasnopevkov) and to his elder sister Nun Leonida (worldly Yekaterina Ushakova); and also letters to Archbishop Leonid from the two clerics both named Nafanail — Archimandrite Nafanail (worldly Gavriil Nektarov) and Archbishop Nafanail (worldly Nikolay Savchenko). Amendments, clarifications and important additions are made to the existing attribution of these documents based on the results of the investigations undertaken. Various methods of attribution — an analysis of the content of the source, of its culturally historical features, stylistic features, references to historical events, to the realities of life, to famous people — are demonstrated. The close association of attribution with the dating of the archive document, which in many cases helps to establish both the author and the addressee of the source, is revealed. The practical demand for attribution results is convincingly reasoned.

Printed Blank Forms of the Cyrillic Printed Letters of 1759 from Bishop of Pinsk and Turov George Bulgak in the Collection of the Russian State Library

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Grebeniuk ◽  
Yuliya E. Shustova
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
State Library ◽  
Printing House

Printed Blank Forms are poorly studied historical sources. They were published in almost every printing house, often in large editions; however, due to the specifics of the purpose, they were poorly preserved. Many of the printed editions have not reached our days. You can learn about their existence from archival documents. A number of editions are known in a single copy. The Research Department of Rare Books (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library has two Printed Blank Forms. These are the Certificates of Ordination from the Bishop of Pinsk and Turov, George Bulgak. These are the only known copies of the editions. They were issued to priest Vasily Shemetil on July 15, 1759 in Pinsk and stamped with the Episcopal seal. They came from the Vilnius Public Library. Due to the small number of complex studies of such sources, the article provides the detailed description of them, reveals the content at the level of the edition (printed blank form) and the copy (handwritten text); for the first time there is undertaken publication of the texts of the certificates. Moreover, the authors consider the actual problems of the bibliographic description of these publications: different bibliographers (F.N. Dobryansky, A.I. Milovidov, G.Y. Golenchenko, Y.A. Labyntsev) described and attributed these editions differently (Mogilev and Suprasl were mentioned as the place of publication). Being unique sources, they attracted attention of bibliographers, but were not used at all by historians and other researchers of book culture. The authors come to the conclusion that the attribution of the publication of letters in the printing house of the Annunciation Monastery in Suprasl, proposed by Y.A. Labyntsev, looks the most convincing today. The study emphasizes the importance of the considered documents that are the only known examples of printed Greek Catholic Certificates of Ordination of the 18th century. Since the life and activity of Georgy Bulgak himself, who became the Archimandrite of the Annunciation Monastery in Suprasl, remains practically unexplored in Russian historiography, the article presents his biography, focuses on this period of his activity and his great contribution to the development of book publishing in the monastery printing house, which printed books in Slavic, Polish and Latin languages.

scholarly journals To the 90th Birth Anniversary of E.A. Fenelonov, the Librarian, Leader, Scientist

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Maria I. Akilina ◽  
Margarita Y. Dvorkina
Keyword(s):  
General Characteristic ◽  
Comprehensive Planning ◽  
Scientific Creativity ◽  
Library Construction ◽  
Postgraduate Study ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Library Network ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
State Library ◽  
Head Of Department

The article is devoted to the 90th birth anniversary of E.A. Fenelonov, the prominent figure of library construction, scientist-librarian and the Honored worker of culture of the RSFSR. The authors present his biographical data, data on the most important stages of his life and activity: study at the Moscow State Library Institute, postgraduate study, defence of the dissertation thesis “Organization of library service for rural population”, leadership of the newly organized library of the Lipetsk region; work as the Head of Department (then Division) of libraries of the Ministry of Culture of RSFSR, the Head of the Main information-computing centre for culture and arts of the Ministry of Culture of RSFSR, the Deputy Director for scientific and methodical work of the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR (nowadays — the Russian State Library, RSL), the research scientist in the Research Department of the RSL. The paper describes the general characteristic features of his administrative activity and scientific creativity. The authors emphasize his role in the centralization of the library network, creation of depository libraries, introduction of open access and computers in the librarianship, participation in the development of the “Regulations on Librarianship in the USSR” (1984), the laws “On Librarianship”, “On the Legal Deposit Copy of Documents”, etc. The paper considers the main works of E.A. Fenelonov, dedicated to the management of librarianship, comprehensive planning of library construction, economic efficiency of libraries, organization of the library network, library zoning, activities of the centralized library systems, methodical work of libraries. The authors reveal the personality of E.A. Fenelonov as organizer, manager, scientist and person.

Printed Blank Forms of the Cyrillic Printed Letters of 1759 from Bishop of Pinsk and Turov George Bulgak in the Collection of the Russian State Library

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Grebeniuk ◽  
Yuliya E. Shustova
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
State Library ◽  
Printing House

Printed Blank Forms are poorly studied historical sources. They were published in almost every printing house, often in large editions; however, due to the specifics of the purpose, they were poorly preserved. Many of the printed editions have not reached our days. You can learn about their existence from archival documents. A number of editions are known in a single copy. The Research Department of Rare Books (Book Museum) of the Russian State Library has two Printed Blank Forms. These are the Certificates of Ordination from the Bishop of Pinsk and Turov, George Bulgak. These are the only known copies of the editions. They were issued to priest Vasily Shemetil on July 15, 1759 in Pinsk and stamped with the Episcopal seal. They came from the Vilnius Public Library. Due to the small number of complex studies of such sources, the article provides the detailed description of them, reveals the content at the level of the edition (printed blank form) and the copy (handwritten text); for the first time there is undertaken publication of the texts of the certificates. Moreover, the authors consider the actual problems of the bibliographic description of these publications: different bibliographers (F.N. Dobryansky, A.I. Milovidov, G.Y. Golenchenko, Y.A. Labyntsev) described and attributed these editions differently (Mogilev and Suprasl were mentioned as the place of publication). Being unique sources, they attracted attention of bibliographers, but were not used at all by historians and other researchers of book culture. The authors come to the conclusion that the attribution of the publication of letters in the printing house of the Annunciation Monastery in Suprasl, proposed by Y.A. Labyntsev, looks the most convincing today. The study emphasizes the importance of the considered documents that are the only known examples of printed Greek Catholic Certificates of Ordination of the 18th century. Since the life and activity of Georgy Bulgak himself, who became the Archimandrite of the Annunciation Monastery in Suprasl, remains practically unexplored in Russian historiography, the article presents his biography, focuses on this period of his activity and his great contribution to the development of book publishing in the monastery printing house, which printed books in Slavic, Polish and Latin languages.

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