scholarly journals Study of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronization in different types of breathing

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Л.А. Носкин ◽  
А.В. Рубинский ◽  
А.П. Романчук ◽  
В.Н. Марченко ◽  
В.В. Пивоваров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Minute Volume ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Objective Monitoring ◽  
Respiratory Synchronization ◽  
Respiratory Homeostasis

Актуальность. В работе обоснован диагностический алгоритм, позволяющий объективно устанавливать критерии синхронизации в регуляции кардио-респираторной системы, обеспечивающей адекватный уровень адаптации организма при умеренных внешних воздействиях. Целью данной работы явилось изучение возможных параметров сопряжённости сердечного, сосудистого и дыхательного ритмов при выполнении функциональных проб: пробы с фиксированной частотой дыхания и ступенчато-возрастающей умеренной физической нагрузкой. Методы. Для реализации диагностического алгоритма был использован действующий макет комплекса «Спироартериокардиоритмограф-01», адаптированный под совместное использование с велоэргометром. Подобный подход обеспечивает объективный мониторинг сердечно-дыхательного синхронизма в динамике разнообразных внешних воздействий на организм. Результаты. На основе прямых динамических показателей обоснован алгоритм расчета отношения минутного объема кровообращения и минутного объема дыхания, отражающий степень функционального баланса сердечно-дыхательного гомеостаза. Выводы. Многопараметровость, быстрота и неинвазивность исследований обеспечат востребованность данной методологии в разнообразных направлениях предиктивной диагностики. The authors justified a diagnostic algorithm for establishing objective criteria of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronization, which provides an adequate adaptive response to different external factors. For evaluation of the diagnostic algorithm, the Spiroarteriokardioritmograf-01 complex compatible with a bicycle ergometer was used. This approach provides objective monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory synchronism under the influence of various external factors. Multiparameter, fast, and non-invasive features of these studies will cover a demand for this method in predictive diagnostics. Based on direct dynamic indicators an algorithm was substantiated for calculation of the blood flow minute volume to respiratory minute volume ratio, which reflects the degree of functional balance in the cardiovascular and respiratory homeostasis.

scholarly journals HRV (Heart Rate Variability) as a non-invasive measurement method for performance diagnostics and training control

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Scherer ◽  
Johannes Martinek ◽  
Winfried Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether non-invasive heart rate variability (HRV) recordings can be used to monitor training exercises and to estimate athletic performance. Thus far, condition and performance have been evaluated with lactate test procedures and spirometry. Several tests were conducted to determine the relationship of data from lactate test samplings, spirometry and HRV recordings. Four groups of professional athletes in different disciplines such as ball sports (n=15), martial arts (n=17), endurance sports (n=8) and hobby athletes (n=6) underwent a standardized treadmill or bicycle ergometer step test while increasing load rates, e.g. 2 km/h or 20-50 Watt every 3.5 minutes, synchronized with standardized series of lactate test sampling, spirometry and ECG recording. An inclusion criterion for all athlete groups was a minimum training frequency of an hour, five days a week focusing on continuous performance improvement. Evidence shows that offline analysis of ECG data allows conclusions on actual individual athletic performance without the need for complex instrumentation and laboratory environment. The total power parameter of the HRV reaches a plateau phase in all tested subjects and this plateau phase reaches zero near the 2 mmol threshold of lactate concentration in all subjects recorded on a bicycle ergometer. Nine out of ten subjects measured on the bicycle ergometer had negatively correlating data of lactate concentration and total power of HRV (α < 0.05). Lactate measurements using treadmills require resting periods for blood sampling. As the HRV increases instantly in these resting periods, the use of bicycle ergometers, where no testing breaks are needed, is recommended for further research.

SAT-423-Spleen extracellular volume fraction and platelet count/spleen volume ratio are accurate non-invasive markers of portal hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. e820-e821
Author(s):  
Christina Levick ◽  
Michael Pavlides ◽  
DavidJ Breen ◽  
Kathryn Nash ◽  
Gideon Hirschfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Extracellular Volume Fraction ◽  
Spleen Volume ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Objective Monitoring of mTOR Inhibitor Therapy by Three-Dimensional Facial Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth S. Baynam ◽  
Mark Walters ◽  
Hugh Dawkins ◽  
Matthew Bellgard ◽  
Anne R. Halbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Monitoring ◽  
Facial Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Objective Monitoring ◽  
Disease Biology

With advances in therapeutics for rare, genetic and syndromic diseases, there is an increasing need for objective assessments of phenotypic endpoints. These assessments will preferentially be high precision, non-invasive, non-irradiating, and relatively inexpensive and portable. We report a case of a child with an extensive lymphatic vascular malformation of the head and neck, treated with an mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that was assessed using 3D facial analysis. This case illustrates that this technology is prospectively a cost-effective modality for treatment monitoring, and it supports that it may also be used for novel explorations of disease biology for conditions associated with disturbances in the mTOR, and interrelated, pathways.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Pneumonia by Cough Sounds Analyzed with Statistical Features and AI

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7036
Author(s):  
Youngbeen Chung ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Hyun In Jo ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Sang-Heon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Cough Sound

Pneumonia is a serious disease often accompanied by complications, sometimes leading to death. Unfortunately, diagnosis of pneumonia is frequently delayed until physical and radiologic examinations are performed. Diagnosing pneumonia with cough sounds would be advantageous as a non-invasive test that could be performed outside a hospital. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based pneumonia diagnostic algorithm. We collected cough sounds from thirty adult patients with pneumonia or the other causative diseases of cough. To quantify the cough sounds, loudness and energy ratio were used to represent the level and its spectral variations. These two features were used for constructing the diagnostic algorithm. To estimate the performance of developed algorithm, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy by comparing with the diagnosis by pulmonologists based on cough sound alone. The algorithm showed 90.0% sensitivity, 78.6% specificity and 84.9% overall accuracy for the 70 cases of cough sound in pneumonia group and 56 cases in non-pneumonia group. For same cases, pulmonologists correctly diagnosed the cough sounds with 56.4% accuracy. These findings showed that the proposed AI algorithm has value as an effective assistant technology to diagnose adult pneumonia patients with significant reliability.

scholarly journals Near-infrared spectroscopy in evaluating psychogenic pseudosyncope—a novel diagnostic approach

QJM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
P Claffey ◽  
L Pérez-Denia ◽  
G Rivasi ◽  
C Finucane ◽  
R A Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Cerebral Perfusion ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Eyes Closed

Abstract Background Psychogenic pseudosyncope (PPS), a conversion disorder and syncope mimic, accounts for a large proportion of ‘unexplained syncope’. PPS is diagnosed by reproduction of patients’ symptoms during head-up tilt (HUT). Electroencephalogram (EEG), a time consuming and resource intensive technology, is used during HUT to demonstrate absence of cerebral hypoperfusion during transient loss of consciousness (TLOC). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a simple, non-invasive technology for continuous monitoring of cerebral perfusion. We present a series of patients for whom PPS diagnosis was supported by NIRS during HUT. Methods Eight consecutive patients with suspected PPS referred to a syncope unit underwent evaluation. During HUT, continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and NIRS-derived tissue saturation index (TSI) were measured. BP, HR and TSI at baseline, time of first symptom, presyncope and apparent TLOC were measured. Patients were given feedback and followed for symptom recurrence. Results Eight predominantly female patients (6/8, 75%) aged 31 years (16–54) were studied with (5/8, 63%) having comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, and (5/8, 63%) presenting with frequent episodes of prolonged TLOC with eyes closed (6/8, 75%). All patients experienced reproduction of typical events during HUT. Systolic BP (mmHg) increased from baseline (129.7 (interquartile range [IQR] 124.9–133.4)) at TLOC (153.0 (IQR 146.7–159.0)) (P-value = 0.012). HR (bpm) increased from baseline 78 (IQR 68.6–90.0) to 115.7 (IQR 93.5–127.9) (P-value = 0.012). TSI (%) remained stable throughout, 71.4 (IQR 67.5–72.9) at baseline vs. 71.0 (IQR 68.2–73.0) at TLOC (P-value = 0.484). Conclusions NIRS provides a non-invasive surrogate of cerebral perfusion during HUT. We propose HUT incorporating NIRS monitoring in the diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected PPS.

Retrospective validation of a β-trace protein interpretation algorithm for the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid leakage

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bernasconi ◽  
Theresa Pötzl ◽  
Christian Steuer ◽  
Alexander Dellweg ◽  
Frank Metternich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Csf Leakage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Interpretation Algorithm

Abstract Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a rare condition that can potentially lead to the development of serious complications. In the last decade, β-trace protein (β-TP) has been shown to be a valuable immunological biomarker that allows prompt and non-invasive identification of CSF leakage. At our institution, the measurement of β-TP has been included in the diagnostic work-up of CSF leakage for more than 10 years. According to our diagnostic algorithm, the presence of CSF in secretion is excluded when β-TP values are <0.7 mg/L, whereas β-TP values ≥1.3 mg/L indicate the presence of CSF in secretion. β-TP values between 0.7 and 1.29 mg/L indicate the presence of CSF if the β-TP ratio (β-TP secretion/β-TP serum) is ≥2. This study aimed to validate this diagnostic algorithm using clinically defined nasal/ear secretions. Methods: We performed a retrospective statistical analysis of three β-TP interpretation strategies using data of 236 samples originating from 121 patients with suspect CSF leakage received at our laboratory between 2004 and 2012. Results: The highest odds ratio was obtained when the proposed algorithm has been used for the interpretation of β-TP results, showing a sensitivity of 98.3% and a specificity of 96%. Positive and negative predictive values were 89.2% and 99.4%, respectively. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the proposed β-TP interpretation algorithm is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of CSF leakage in the clinical practice.

Non-invasive prenatal diagnostics of aneuploidy using next-generation DNA sequencing technologies, and clinical considerations

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana N. Nepomnyashchaya ◽  
Artem V. Artemov ◽  
Sergey A. Roumiantsev ◽  
Alexander G. Roumyantsev ◽  
Alex Zhavoronkov
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cell Free Fetal Dna ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fetal Aneuploidies

AbstractRapidly developing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies produce a large amount of data across the whole human genome and allow a large number of DNA samples to be analyzed simultaneously. Screening cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) obtained from maternal blood using NGS technologies has provided new opportunities for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of fetal aneuploidies. One of the major challenges to the analysis of fetal abnormalities is the development of accurate and reliable algorithms capable of analyzing large numbers of short sequence reads. Several such algorithms have recently been developed. Here, we provide a review of recent NGS-based NIPD methods as well as the available algorithms for short-read sequence analysis. We furthermore introduce the practical application of these algorithms for the detection of different types of fetal aneuploidies, and compare the performance, cost and complexity of each approach for clinical deployment. Our review identifies several main technologies and trends in NGS-based NIPD. The main considerations for clinical development for NIPD and screening tests using DNA sequencing are: accuracy, intellectual property, cost and the ability to screen for a wide range of chromosomal abnormalities and genetic defects. The cost of the diagnostic test depends on the sequencing method, diagnostic algorithm and volume of the tests. If the cost of sequencing equipment and reagents remains at or around current levels, targeted approaches for sequencing-based aneuploidy testing and SNP-based methods are preferred.

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