scholarly journals PALYNOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ARTIFACTS FROM CATACOMBS No. 97 AND No. 98 FROM THE DARGAVS CEMETERY: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
А. Н. Бабенко ◽  
З. Х. Албегова ◽  
П. С. Успенский
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
The South ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Outer Coat ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The World ◽  
Medieval Population

Даргавский могильник является одним из уникальных памятников на юге России. где сохранились немногочисленные. но информативные находки из органики. В 2019 г. в ходе раскопок Терским отрядом ИА РАН катакомб № 97 (IX в.) и 98 (втор. пол. VIII - перв. пол. IX в.) для палинологического анализа отобрано три образца: № 1 - содержимое кожаного мешочка (катакомба № 97). № 2 - бусина из помета (катакомба № 97) и № 3 - грунт из стеклянного стакана (катакомба № 98). По данным палинологического анализа установлено содержимое кожаного мешочка (мука или зерно) и стеклянного стакана (напиток. содержащий культурные злаки. или хлебное изделие. накрывающее стакан). принадлежность бусины. изготовленной из помета мелкого рогатого скота, определен сезон погребения в катакомбе № 97 (два первых летних месяца). Наличие хелицер клещей в мешочке и телиоспор головни в стакане может свидетельствовать о зараженности запасов вредителями и патогенными грибами. Результаты определения шерсти из катакомбы № 97 позволяют предположить, что на погребенной была верхняя одежда из овечьей шкуры. Изученные находки тесно связаны с дохристианскими представлениями оставившего могильник раннесредневекового населения о непосредственной связи мира мертвых с плодородием и урожаем. The Dargavs cemetery is one of the unique sites in the South of Russia that has preserved few but informative organic residue. In 2019 during the excavations of catacombs No. 97 (9 century) and No. 98 (second half of the 8 - first half of the 9 century the Terskiy team of the Institute of Archaeology, RAS, selected three samples for palynological analysis. Sample No. 1 is contents of a small leather bag (Catacomb No. 97); Sample No. 2 is a bead from animal droppings (catacomb No. 97) and Sample No. 3 - soil from a glass tumbler (catacomb No. 98). The palynological analysis established the contents of the leather bag (flour or grains) and the glass tumbler (a drink containing cultivated gramineous plants or some bread stuff placed over the glass tumbler), the origin of the bead made from droppings of goats or sheep. The season of the burial in catacomb No. 97 was determined as the first two summer months. Presence of the chelicerae of ticks in the bag and teliospores of blight in the tumbler suggests that the stored food was contaminated with pests and pathogenic fungi. The determination of wool in catacomb No. 97 suggests that the buried person wore an outer coat made from sheep skin. The examined finds are closely related with pre-Christian beliefs of the early medieval population that has left this cemetery concerning direct links between the world of the dead and fertility and harvest.

Procedural Requirements of the South African Anti-Dumping Law and Practice Prior to Imposition of Anti-Dumping Duties: Are They Really WTO-inconsistent?

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-238
Author(s):  
Omphemetse S. Sibanda
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Export Price ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
The South ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Domestic Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Differential Pricing

Dumping, which is a form of price discrimination or differential pricing of different units of the same good sold at different prices in different markets, remains a continuing problem for many countries. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) members resort to the imposition of anti-dumping duties or levies to offset the effects of the dumped products on the domestic industry. This article provides a critical analysis of procedural issues in the South African anti-dumping law and practice to determine if it is compatible with the WTO’s Anti-Dumping Agreement (ADA). It particularly focusses on procedural issues prior to the imposition of anti-dumping measures by the South African International Trade Administration Commission. Some authors argue that the South African anti-dumping law and practice is incompatible with its WTO obligations in areas such as the calculation of the constructed export price, the determination of material injury and a causal relationship, the imposition of provisional and definitive anti-dumping duties and the procedure for review. The conclusion provided in this article is that the South African law and application of anti-dumping measure is largely WTO-compliant, particularly on the issues of initiation, investigation and prosecution of anti-dumping complaints. JEL Codes: F10, F13, F14, F19, K33, K41

International Listening Post report summary: the world at the dawn of 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Sandy Henderson ◽  
Ulrike Beland ◽  
Dimitrios Vonofakos
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Faroe Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

On or around 9 January 2019, twenty-two Listening Posts were conducted in nineteen countries: Canada, Chile, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Germany (Frankfurt and Berlin), Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy (two in Milan and one in the South), Peru, Serbia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, and the UK. This report synthesises the reports of those Listening Posts and organises the data yielded by them into common themes and patterns.

IDENTIFIKASI JENIS JAMUR PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes sp.

PERENNIAL ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Astuti Arif ◽  
. Syahidah ◽  
Sitti Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Fungi have a great diversity and wide distribution at the world. It can be used as the alternative technology for controlling of subterranean termite attack, particularly genus Coptotermes knowned as the wooden destructive organism, by using entomophatogenic fungi. For the purpose of the study, several isolate sources were taken from some locations. The results show that eight numbers of pathogenic fungi was founded by screening and identification of fungi taken from 19 numbers of isolate sources. The pathogenic fungi were Beauveria sp., Penicillium brevicompactum, P. rubrum, Paecilomyces fulvus, Fusarium verticolloides, Pythium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Key words: Jamur entomopatogen, Coptotermes sp.

A DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF VITAMIN C IN SOME MEDICAL PLANTS GROWING IN THE SOUTH– WESTERN ZARAFSHAN MOUNTAIN RANGES

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
P. Mirkhamidova ◽  
U. E. Khujanazarov ◽  
D. A. Mamatqulov ◽  
S. Ziyamukhamedova ◽  
G. I. Mukhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
The South ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Medical Plants

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of South Ossetia (Caucasus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
E. Yu. Kuzmina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Botanical Institute ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Komarov Botanical Institute ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Information on the Sphagnum mosses of the South Ossetia is generalized, the resulted list is presented. Nine species of Sphagnum are included in the list, whereabouts data and references to the publications are given, and the presence of a sample in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE) is noted. The species Sphagnum platyphyllum (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Warnst. rarely occurring in the Caucasus is reported in the South Ossetia for the first time. The species was found in the Caucasus, South Ossetia, at the side of the Ertso Lake (42°28ʹN, 43°45ʹE), 1720 m a. s. l., among sedge thickets at the margin of the overgrowing lake. The peculiarities of its occurrence and ecological conditions are considered. Its distribution in the Caucasus and in the world is discussed.

Will the Time of Growth and Development of the Young Republic of South Sudan Come?

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kochanova
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
The South ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Independent State ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
The World ◽  
National Resource

Тhe subject of this study is the young Republic of South Sudan (RSS), the “young” – both in terms of the age of an independent state, and in terms of its demographic potential. RSS, as a member of the United Nations and as a sovereign state, appeared on the world map in 2011, but, possessing super-rich natural resources, has not yet gained sustainable development, moreover, it fell into a deep military-political crisis. Like most countries of the African continent, South Sudan had real demographic capacity, but the authorities were unable to extract any “demographic dividends” from the truly main national resource for the development of the country’s economy, moreover, the number of refugees of young working age is constantly growing. Through the example of South Sudan, which so hard achieved separation of the South from the North and failed to take advantage of the conquered democratic values, the article explores the understudied problem of modification of the consciousness of the younger generation, dictated both by the specifics of the deep historical and cultural tradition of the South Sudanese nationalities and by new trends in global evolutionary processes. Studying the stories from the lives of multi-member families affected during the military-political conflict in the RSS, the author, based on the facts, strongly criticizes the ineffective, even often vicious, youth policy of the South Sudanese government. On the other hand, analyzing the origins, nature, basic traditional moral and sociocultural aspects of child employment in the region, the researcher finds a reasoned explanation of the cause for such a policy of universal child mobilization and tries to define this phenomenon that has not been studied in the scientific literature before. Summarizing the study of the causes of a humanitarian catastrophe in the RSS, the author, in addition to generally accepted factors that influenced the current situation (such as: the intervention of major world financial players in the affairs of a sovereign state, national discord, the struggle for power and resources), also highlights the subjective and not always correct work of the world information agencies and other mass media and, of course, the incompetent state policy of the leadership of the RSS in the Youth Field. Relying on the positive events of the past few months to resolve the conflict in the RSS, the author is still trying to predict in the foreseeable future the time for growth and development of the Republic of South Sudan, with the proviso that it can happen only in case of the inclusion of restraining leverage and expansion of the range of priorities of the main national resource – the youth.

Actual issues of valuation of businesses of the economic entity

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Accurate Prediction ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Business Valuation ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The article summarizes the main approaches in the definition of business valuation the economic entity. In the process of business valuation, taking into account the risks of financial and economic activities necessary to obtain information on what stage the owner implements the business will receive income. The most difficult task is the impossibility of accurate prediction in determining the level of income and the determination of a discount rate capitalization of future incomes due to the instability of the economy, both in the country and around the world.

A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA POBREZA MUNDIAL: NOVAS FORMAS DE TRATAMENTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 04
Author(s):  
Tatiani De Azevedo Lobo ◽  
Marli M. Moraes Da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Indicators ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
The South ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Network ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: O presente ensaio busca apresentar e fomentar algumas questões pertinentes ao debate contemporâneo sobre a pobreza, demonstrando a importância do tema no cenário mundial. Para tanto, inicialmente discorre-se sobre a construção histórico-social da pobreza e suas características contemporâneas. Com efeito, aponta-se a limitação dos fatores tradicionalmente apresentados como causadores da pobreza, como cultura, genética, geografia etc. Além disso, apresentam-se as formas atuais de monitorar o fenômeno, como o coeficiente de Gini e o IDH. Posteriormente, aborda-se a distribuição mundial da pobreza. Nesse ponto, colaciona-se que a pobreza é um problema mundial. No entanto, é perceptível que o Sul ainda concentra maior número de indivíduos pobres do que o Norte. Na esteira dos últimos dados da pesquisa realizada pelas Nações Unidas, houve uma nítida ascensão do Sul, especialmente nos indicadores sociais ligados à educação. A seguir, trata-se do capital social e da Teoria das Capacidades, apresentando-se novas abordagens da pobreza. Assim, o capital social trata de uma ideia utilizada para verificar a rede de relacionamento dos indivíduos. Já a Teoria das Capacidades está ligada com a ideia de oportunidade da liberdade. Por fim, estuda-se as políticas públicas, bem como seu aspecto fragmentário. Conclui-se, assim, sobre a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas elaboradas sob a égide de novos paradigmas, a fim de possibilitar o tratamento específico do fenômeno da pobreza, conforme as peculiaridades de cada local. Para tanto foi utilizado neste trabalho o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, o método de procedimento monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa, operacionalizados por meio do emprego de vasta pesquisa bibliográfica. Abstract: This essay seeks to provide and foster some relevant to the contemporary debate on poverty issues, demonstrating the importance of the issue on the world stage. For this purpose, initially spoke about the historical and social construction of poverty and its contemporary features. Indeed, he pointed out the limitation of the factors traditionally presented as the cause of poverty, as a culture, genetics, geography, etc. Furthermore, we presented the current ways of monitoring the phenomenon, such as the Gini coefficient and the HDI. Subsequently addressed the global distribution of poverty. At this point, if collated that poverty is a worldwide problem. However, it is apparent that the South still more concentrated than the poor North individuals. In the wake of recent data from research conducted by the United Nations, there was a sharp rise in the South, especially in social indicators related to education. Next, we treated the capital and the Theory of Capabilities, presenting new approaches to poverty. Thus, social capital is an idea used to verify the relationship network of individuals. Already Capabilities Theory is linked with the idea of freedom of opportunity. Finally, we studied public policy, as well as its fragmentary appearance. Thus, it is concluded on the need to implement public policies prepared under the aegis of new paradigms to enable specific treatment of the phenomenon of poverty, according to the peculiarities of each site. For that was used in this work the method of hypothetical-deductive approach, the method of procedure and the monographic research technique, operationalized through the use of extensive academic research.

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