INFECTIOUS MILK? GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS (GBS) LATE-ONSET SEPSIS (LOS) AND MENINGITIS IN PREMATURE TWINS ASSOCIATED WITH BREASTFEEDING: FIRST REPORT FROM CENTRAL AMERICA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Esquivel-Zuñiga
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals A ten-year review of neonatal bloodstream infections in a tertiary private hospital in Kenya

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 799-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchika Kohli-Kochhar ◽  
Geoffrey Omuse ◽  
Gunturu Revathi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Neonatal mortality in developing countries is usually due to an infectious cause.  The gold standard of investigation in developing countries is a positive blood culture.  It is important to know the aetiology of neonatal bloodstream infections so that empiric treatment can be effective.  Methodology: We conducted a retrospective clinical audit over ten years between January 2000 until December 2009, looking at the aetiology of both early and late onset neonatal sepsis.  We analysed data from 152 (23%) patient isolates out of 662 suspected cases of neonatal sepsis.  Results: Our study revealed that Gram-positive organisms were the predominant cause of both early and late onset sepsis; the common isolates were Staphylococcus epidermidis (34%) and Staphylococcus aureus (27%).  There were no isolates of group B Streptococcus.  Candida species was isolated only in patients with late onset sepsis (6.9%).  Bacterial isolates were relatively sensitive to the commonly used first- and second-line empiric antibiotics. Conclusion: Gram-positive organisms remain the major cause of neonatal bloodstream infections in our setup.  The findings of this study will guide clinicians in prescribing the right empiric therapy in cases of suspected neonatal sepsis before the definitive culture results are obtained.

scholarly journals Neonatal Sepsis: Clinical Considerations

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. e54-e59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blatt ◽  
M. Schroth
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Group B

AbstractUnspecific symptoms and rapid development of sepsis up to septic shock from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are well-known, important issues in neonatology. A common cause is the infection by Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus [GBS]) or Escherichia coli, which contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Whereas early-onset sepsis is normally derived from mother during birth, late-onset sepsis can be transmitted by the environment. Management of neonatal sepsis includes the maintenance of cardiovascular and pulmonary function besides antibiotic therapy. Due to the fact that until today, there are no reliable screening tests for detecting early sepsis, clinical assessment is considered to be of utmost importance.

Group B streptococcus sepsis in an infant presented with cellulitis of soft tissue of neck

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e241683
Author(s):  
Muhammad Moazzam Gulzar ◽  
Andrea Roman ◽  
Rizwan Gul ◽  
Nagabathula Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tissue Oedema

We report a case of cellulitis of the soft tissue of the neck with group B streptococcus (GBS) sepsis in a 4-week-old baby boy presented with a 1-day history of fever, irritability and feed refusal. While in the hospital, a left-sided submandibular swelling extending to preauricular area started emerging, which progressed dramatically. Ultrasound scan of the neck confirmed inflammation of the underlying soft tissue while revealing multiple enlarged lymph nodes without any abscess formation and overlying soft tissue oedema. Blood cultures were flagged positive at 9 hours for GBS. The infant was treated with intravenous antibiotics for 2 weeks. GBS is considered a common cause of early-onset sepsis in neonates. However, it can also lead to late-onset sepsis in infancy with variable presentations. In our case, GBS sepsis manifested with cellulitis of the soft tissue of the neck along with swelling of local lymph nodes.

scholarly journals Neonatal Case of Late-onset Sepsis Involving Group B Streptococcus Type Ib

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakae Kumasaka ◽  
Yoshio Shima ◽  
Makiko Mine ◽  
Mizue Nakajima ◽  
Makoto Migita
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

Recurrent neonatal group B streptococcus cellulitis and adenitis syndrome with late-onset sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Guri ◽  
Eric Scheier ◽  
Uri Balla ◽  
Mikhael Chigrinsky ◽  
Eli Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

AbstractObjectivesGroup-B streptococcus (GBS) continues to be a significant cause of late-onset neonatal illness. Rarely does it present as cellulitis-adenitis syndrome, and rarely does the infection recur in the same infant after complete recovery.Case presentationHere we report a case of recurrent late-onset cellulitis-adenitis GBS syndrome in a term 12-day-old neonate. The infant presented with fever and cellulitis of the right neck. Full sepsis workup was normal and the infant recovered completely with antibiotics. Three days after the completion of antibiotics the patient returned to the emergency department due to fever, toxic appearance and rapidly spreading cellulitis, and adenitis on the left side of the neck. Blood culture revealed GBS. The patient was re-admitted to the hospital and successfully treated with a prolonged course of antibiotics.ConclusionsThis case highlights the importance of treating neonatal cellulitis with fever as bacteremia, and reminds us of the rare possibility of recurrent invasive GBS disease. Moreover, this case illustrates that GBS cellulitis-adenitis syndrome is possibly underdiagnosed in mild cases. Physicians should be aware that neonatal cellulitis can precede the appearance of severe sepsis. Neonates with fever and cellulitis without a clear external port of entry should undergo a complete sepsis workup and receive antibiotic treatment appropriate for bacteremia, even if the blood cultures are negative. Although the recurrence of GBS sepsis is rare, physicians should be aware of this possibility in order to treat the infection early.

scholarly journals Neonatal Group B streptococcal osteomyelitis and suppurative arthritis: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Ashwath Duraiswamy ◽  
Veerappan Somu
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Sternoclavicular Joint ◽  
Unusual Site ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Neonatal Group ◽  
Group B

Neonatal sepsis contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is not a frequent cause of neonatal sepsis in India. Late onset sepsis by GBS presenting as focal infection like osteomyelitis is seen in only 3% of the total GBS sepsis profile in neonates. Here, we report a rare case of neonatal osteomyelitis with septic arthritis caused by GBS at an unusual site, the clavicle and sternoclavicular joint.

scholarly journals Invasive Group B Streptococcus Disease With Recurrence and in Multiples: Towards a Better Understanding of GBS Late-Onset Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Freudenhammer ◽  
Konstantinos Karampatsas ◽  
Kirsty Le Doare ◽  
Fabian Lander ◽  
Jakob Armann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common intestinal colonizer during the neonatal period, but also may cause late-onset sepsis or meningitis in up to 0.5% of otherwise healthy colonized infants after day 3 of life. Transmission routes and risk factors of this late-onset form of invasive GBS disease (iGBS) are not fully understood. Cases of iGBS with recurrence (n=25) and those occurring in parallel in twins/triplets (n=32) from the UK and Ireland (national surveillance study 2014/15) and from Germany and Switzerland (retrospective case collection) were analyzed to unravel shared (in affected multiples) or fixed (in recurrent disease) risk factors for GBS disease. The risk of iGBS among infants from multiple births was high (17%), if one infant had already developed GBS disease. The interval of onset of iGBS between siblings was 4.5 days and in recurrent cases 12.5 days. Disturbances of the individual microbiome, including persistence of infectious foci are suggested e.g. by high usage of perinatal antibiotics in mothers of affected multiples, and by the association of an increased risk of recurrence with a short term of antibiotics [aOR 4.2 (1.3-14.2), P=0.02]. Identical GBS serotypes in both recurrent infections and concurrently infected multiples might indicate a failed microbiome integration of GBS strains that are generally regarded as commensals in healthy infants. The dynamics of recurrent GBS infections or concurrent infections in multiples suggest individual patterns of exposure and fluctuations in host immunity, causing failure of natural niche occupation.

Linezolid

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Susan Givens Bell
Keyword(s):  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

THE MOST RECENT DATA FROM THE National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network revealed that in late-onset sepsis events in very low birth weight neonates proven by blood culture, 70 percent were caused by Gram-positive organisms. Coagulase-negative staphylococci accounted for 68 percent of these Gram-positive infections, and Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus species, and Group B Streptococcus were isolated in the remainder.1Staphylococcus epidermidis continues to be the most common coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species isolated in culture, and S. capitis, S. warneri, S. haemolyticus and S. hominis have also been implicated in neonatal infection.

scholarly journals Preterm Infants Have Deficient Monocyte and Lymphocyte Cytokine Responses to Group B Streptococcus

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1588-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Currie ◽  
Samantha Curtis ◽  
Tobias Strunk ◽  
Karen Riley ◽  
Khemanganee Liyanage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTGroup B streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of early- and late-onset sepsis in the newborn. Preterm infants have markedly increased susceptibility and worse outcomes, but their immunological responses to GBS are poorly defined. We compared mononuclear cell and whole-blood cytokine responses to heat-killed GBS (HKGBS) of preterm infants (gestational age [GA], 26 to 33 weeks), term infants, and healthy adults. We investigated the kinetics and cell source of induced cytokines and quantified HKGBS phagocytosis. HKGBS-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion was significantly impaired in preterm infants compared to that in term infants and adults. These cytokines were predominantly monocytic in origin, and production was intrinsically linked to HKGBS phagocytosis. Very preterm infants (GA, <30 weeks) had fewer cytokine-producing monocytes, but nonopsonic phagocytosis ability was comparable to that for term infants and adults. Exogenous complement supplementation increased phagocytosis in all groups, as well as the proportion of preterm monocytes producing IL-6, but for very preterm infants, responses were still deficient. Similar defective preterm monocyte responses were observed in fresh whole cord blood stimulated with live GBS. Lymphocyte-associated cytokines were significantly deficient for both preterm and term infants compared to levels for adults. These findings indicate that a subset of preterm monocytes do not respond to GBS, a defect compounded by generalized weaker lymphocyte responses in newborns. Together these deficient responses may increase the susceptibility of preterm infants to GBS infection.

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