BIO-Young: Smartphone-based biomarkers in adolescents with unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder, their healthy siblings and healthy controls

BackgroundResearch has suggested an association between obstetric complications and bipolar disorder. However, no quantitative evaluation has been made of the pooled data from existing studies.AimsTo systematically review studies comparing exposure to obstetric complications in cases of bipolar disorder v. non-psychiatric controls, and in cases of bipolar disorder v. cases of other mental disorders.MethodPublications were identified by computer searches of seven databases, by hand searches of reference lists and from raw data received from researchers.ResultsForty-six studies were identified, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratio for exposure to obstetric complications and subsequent development of bipolar disorder was 1.01 (95% Cl 0.76–1.35) compared with healthy controls, 1.13 (95% Cl 0.64–1.99) compared with cases of unipolar disorder and 0.61 (95% Cl 0.39–0.95) compared with those who developed schizophrenia.ConclusionsThere is no robust evidence that exposure to obstetric complications increases the risk of developing bipolar disorder. However, the range of events regarded as obstetric complications and methodological inadequacies make definitive conclusions difficult.

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Peripheral Uric Acid as a Biomarker in Individuals with Bipolar Disorder

10.21203/rs.3.rs-98544/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhe Lu ◽

Yingtan Wang ◽

Guanglei Xun

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Drug Use ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Free Subgroup ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Unipolar Disorder ◽

Subgroup Differences ◽

Drug Naïve

Abstract Background: At present, no well-established biomarkers were ever found to distinguish unipolar disorder (UD) and bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to explore whether uric acid (UA) could be a biomarker to distinguish UD and BD. Methods: Peripheral UA of 119 patients with BD in acute stage (AS) and 77 in remission stage (RS), and 95 patients with UD in AS and 61 in RS were measured, so were 180 healthy controls. Results: UA levels in BD group were higher than UD and HC groups regardless of the AS or RS, while differences in UA levels between UD group and HC group were not significant. Differences of UA levels between BD-M and BD-D subgroups were not significant, and UA levels of BD-M and BD-D subgroups were higher than UD and HC groups. Only in UD group, UA levels of drug-use subgroup were higher than drug-naïve/free subgroup, but differences disappeared when analyzed stratified by sex; whether in drug-use or drug-naïve/free subgroup, differences of UA levels between BD-M and BD-D groups were not significant.Conclusion: The study suggests UA levels may be a biomarker of BD to distinguish from UD.

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Emotional vulnerability and cognitive control in patients with bipolar disorder and their healthy siblings: a pilot study

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2010.00451.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 54-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kathrin Houshmand ◽

Peter Bräunig ◽

Siegfried Gauggel ◽

Katrin Kliesow ◽

Rahul Sarkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Response Inhibition ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Mood State ◽

Emotional Arousal ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Healthy Siblings ◽

Emotional Vulnerability

Scheuch K, Bräunig P, Gauggel S, Kliesow K, Sarkar R, Krüger S. Emotional vulnerability and cognitive control in patients with bipolar disorder and their healthy siblings: a pilot study.Objective:There is evidence that, even in remission, patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have deficits in cognitive function and emotional regulation. Siblings of patients with BD are also reported to exhibit minor dysfunction in neuropsychological domains. In this study, we examined the interference of acute mood state with reaction time (RT) and response inhibition in euthymic patients with BD, in their healthy siblings and in healthy controls.Methods:A total of 34 patients with bipolar I disorder, 22 healthy siblings and 33 healthy controls performed a stop-signal paradigm after induction of a transient intense sadness and a relaxed mood state. The differences in RT and the response inhibition were compared between the groups.Results:Euthymic patients with BD displayed a higher emotional reactivity compared with their siblings and with controls. Compared with controls, patients with BD showed longer RTs in a relaxed mood state and a delay in response inhibition during emotional activation.Conclusions:The present study provides evidence for the clinical observation that patients with BD have shorter RTs when in a state of emotional arousal rather than in a relaxed state. Inhibitory deficits in these patients may be because of a too strong emotional arousal. The results show that in patients with BD, relaxation and emotional arousal are inversely associated with performance in a neuropsychological task. This is in contrast to findings in healthy individuals suggesting a dysbalance in emotional regulation in these patients.

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Classification of Healthy Siblings of Bipolar Disorder Patients from Healthy Controls Using MRI

2019 Medical Technologies Congress (TIPTEKNO) ◽

10.1109/tiptekno.2019.8895015 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ozkan Cigdem ◽

Refik Soyak ◽

Burhan Aydeniz ◽

Kaya Oguz ◽

Hasan Demirel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Healthy Siblings

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Classification of Patients with Bipolar Disorder and Their Healthy Siblings from Healthy Controls Using MRI

2019 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA) ◽

10.1109/memea.2019.8802207 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ozkan Cigdem ◽

Erencan Horuz ◽

Refik Soyak ◽

Burhan Aydeniz ◽

Aysu Sulucay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Healthy Siblings

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Neuroserpin in Bipolar Disorder

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026620666200131125526 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 518-523

Author(s):

Rugül Köse Çinar

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽

Type I ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Disease States ◽

Cord Injury ◽

System Functioning

Objective: Neuroserpin is a serine protease inhibitor predominantly expressed in the nervous system functioning mainly in neuronal migration and axonal growth. Neuroprotective effects of neuroserpin were shown in animal models of stroke, brain, and spinal cord injury. Postmortem studies confirmed the involvement of neuroserpin in Alzheimer’s disease. Since altered adult neurogenesis was postulated as an aetiological mechanism for bipolar disorder, the possible effect of neuroserpin gene expression in the disorder was evaluated. Methods: Neuroserpin mRNA expression levels were examined in the peripheral blood of bipolar disorder type I manic and euthymic patients and healthy controls using the polymerase chain reaction method. The sample comprised of 60 physically healthy, middle-aged men as participants who had no substance use disorder. Results: The gene expression levels of neuroserpin were found lower in the bipolar disorder patients than the healthy controls (p=0.000). The neuroserpin levels did not differ between mania and euthymia (both 96% down-regulated compared to the controls). Conclusion: Since we detected differences between the patients and the controls, not the disease states, the dysregulation in the neuroserpin gene could be interpreted as a result of the disease itself.

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Response Processes to Looming Appetitive and Aversive Cues in Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Their First-Degree Relatives: An Exploratory Study

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1177/0253717620975285 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 025371762097528

Author(s):

Velprashanth Venkatesan ◽

Christoday R J Khess ◽

Umesh Shreekantiah ◽

Nishant Goyal ◽

K. K. Kshitiz

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Sensitivity To Reward ◽

Bipolar Group ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Vulnerability Model ◽

Increased Sensitivity ◽

Appetitive Cues ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Bipolar Patients

Background: Patients with bipolar disorder demonstrate increased sensitivity to appetitive/rewarding stimuli even during euthymia. On presentation of arousing pictures, they show a peculiar response, suggesting heightened vigilance. While responding to looming arousing cues, studies show subjects with anxiety spectrum disorders exhibit increased reaction time (RT), explained by the “looming-vulnerability model.” This study aimed to investigate the responses to looming arousing cues in euthymic bipolar patients and their first-degree relatives, as compared to healthy controls. Method: A looming appetitive and aversive cue paradigm was designed for assessing the RT of patients to process appetitive and aversive cues. The behavioral inhibition/activation and sensitivity to reward/punishment amongst the groups were also assessed. Results: The bipolar group showed significantly longer RT to process appetitive cues irrespective of the looming condition. Aversive cues elicited significantly longer RT in both the bipolar group and in first-degree relatives, but only when presented with the looming condition. Significant looming bias was elicited in the bipolar group which suggested a particular cognitive style to looming cues. A composite measure of RT along with sensitivity to reward/punishment distinguishes the bipolar group and their first-degree relatives from the healthy controls. Conclusion: The looming vulnerability model may provide important insights for future exploration of cognitive endophenotypes in bipolar disorder.

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